劉豪杰 孫晨 李書安 王興強(qiáng) 曹梅 孟祥實(shí)



摘要? ? 本文以室內(nèi)暫養(yǎng)7 d的脊尾白蝦為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象,探討萘對(duì)脊尾白蝦存活、免疫和能量分配的影響試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明,萘的24、48、72、96 h半致死濃度分別為7.97、7.08、6.08、5.30 mg/L,安全濃度為1.67 mg/L。萘對(duì)脊尾白蝦血清酚氧化酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性有顯著影響,細(xì)胞能量分配為(-5 928.00±964.13)mJ/(mg·h濕重)。說(shuō)明萘對(duì)脊尾白蝦的免疫能力有著較嚴(yán)重的抑制效應(yīng),同時(shí)可以降低脊尾白蝦的能量代謝。
關(guān)鍵詞? ? 萘;脊尾白蝦;存活;免疫;能量分配
中圖分類號(hào)? ? S949? ? ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼? ? A
文章編號(hào)? ?1007-5739(2020)14-0197-03
Abstract? ? In this paper, the Exopalaemon carinicauda temporarily raised in room for 7 days was taken as the experimental object, the effects of naphthalene on survival, immunity and energy distribution of E. carinicauda were discussed. The results showed that the semi-lethal concentrations of naphthalene for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h were 7.97 mg/L, 7.08 mg/L, 6.08 mg/L and 5.30 mg/L , respectively, and the safe concentration was 1.67 mg/L. Naphthalene had a significant effect on the enzyme activities of phenol oxidase and superoxide dismutase in serum of E. carinicauda, the cellular energy allocation was (-5 928.00±964.13) mJ/(mg·h wet weight). This indicated that naphthalene could inhibit the immune ability of E. carinicauda seriously, and could reduce the energy metabolism of E. carinicauda at the same time.
Key words? ? Exopalaemon carinicauda; naphthalene; survival; immunity; energy allocation
脊尾白蝦(Exopalamon carincauda)俗稱小白蝦、五須蝦和迎春蝦等,隸屬長(zhǎng)臂蝦科(Palaemonidae)白蝦屬(Exopala-mon),為重要的水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖蝦類。脊尾白蝦廣泛分布在我國(guó)沿海近岸地區(qū),對(duì)溫度和鹽度的適應(yīng)范圍較廣,在咸水或者淡水中均可以生存。近年來(lái),隨著科技的發(fā)展、水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖技術(shù)的提高、生產(chǎn)的需求,使得脊尾白蝦成為池塘單養(yǎng)以及與其他經(jīng)濟(jì)水產(chǎn)動(dòng)物混養(yǎng)的重要經(jīng)濟(jì)蝦類。以生態(tài)學(xué)、生物學(xué)和環(huán)境科學(xué)等理論學(xué)科為基礎(chǔ)開展起來(lái)的綜合養(yǎng)殖模式,增加了養(yǎng)殖池中物種的多樣性,同時(shí)也提高了物質(zhì)利用層次,在一定程度上降低了病害的發(fā)生。在蝦類人工養(yǎng)殖過(guò)程中,特別是在蝦體多空間小的高密度養(yǎng)殖中,氨氮是潛在的蝦類環(huán)境威脅因子之一[1-3]。
多環(huán)芳烴(PAHs)是一類由2個(gè)或2個(gè)以上苯環(huán)以線狀、角狀或簇狀排列的中性或非極性碳?xì)浠衔铮哂?0 000多種單體。五環(huán)以上的多環(huán)芳烴大多是無(wú)色或淡黃色的結(jié)晶,熔沸點(diǎn)較高,蒸汽壓較低。……