魏祥淵 王興華 李麗娜 郭健



摘要:鑒于船舶碰撞危險預警的準確性依賴前端雷達的精度,即雷達誤差可能導致危險誤判,分析雷達誤差對船舶碰撞危險預警性能的影響。分析雷達目標參數計算和船舶碰撞危險判斷的原理,建立雷達誤差的傳遞公式;運用概率理論計算雷達誤差可能導致預警模型發生誤判的概率,進而評估其碰撞危險預警的準確性。以江蘇鎮揚汽渡船航行避碰智能預警系統為例,評估3種不同精度的雷達對其預警準確性的影響,論證了系統現用雷達的精度能夠滿足鎮揚汽渡船預警準確性的需求。
關鍵詞:雷達誤差; 碰撞危險預警; 誤判; 預警準確性
中圖分類號:? U676.1
文獻標志碼:A
Effect of radar error on ship collision risk early warning performance
WEI Xiangyuan, WANG Xinghua, LI Lina, GUO Jian
(Navigation College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China)
Abstract:
In view of the fact that the accuracy of the ship collision risk early warning depends on the accuracy of front-end radars, that is, the radar error may lead to risk misjudgment, the effect of radar error on the ship collision risk early warning performance is analyzed. The transmission formula of radar error is established by analyzing the principles of the radar target parameter calculation and the ship collision risk judgment. The probability theory is used to calculate the probability that the radar error may lead to the misjudgment of the early warning model, and the accuracy of its collision risk early warning is evaluated. Taking the collision avoidance intelligent early warning system of Zhenyang steam ferries in Jiangsu Province as an example, the effect of three kinds of radars with different precision on the early warning accuracy is evaluated. It is proved that the accuracy of the radar used in the system can meet the requirement of early warning accuracy of Zhenyang steam ferries.
Key words:
radar error; collision risk early warning; misjudgment; early warning accuracy
0 引 言
準確的船舶碰撞危險預警是船舶安全航行的重要保障,更是船舶進行有效避讓的前提。預警的準確性主要依托兩個方面,一是科學合理的碰撞危險評判模型[1-3],二是精確可靠的傳感器數據,這兩方面相互獨立又相互影響。要建立科學合理的碰撞危險評判模型必須考慮前端傳感器數據精度不高所導致的誤判。
目前,獲取目標船動靜態數據的主要來源為船舶自動識別系統(automatic identification system,AIS)和雷達[4]。然而,并非所有的船舶均安裝或開啟了AIS,因此若要獲得船舶航行水域所有船舶的數據,雷達還是主要的數據來源[3]。然而,雷達的不足之處顯而易見,即存在雷達誤差。雷達誤差可能引起預警模型發生危險誤判,因此有必要驗證所使用的雷達精度能否滿足預警模型的要求?!?br>