一般過(guò)去時(shí)的“過(guò)去那些事”

張新峰

一、一般過(guò)去時(shí)“變身術(shù)”——構(gòu)成和句型

【課本原句】

1. —Were the strawberries good？ 草莓好吃嗎？

—Yes， they were./ No， they weren't. 是的，它們好吃。/ 不，它們不好吃。

2. —Did you see any cows？ 你看見(jiàn)奶牛了嗎？

—Yes， I did. I saw quite a lot. 是的，我看見(jiàn)了相當(dāng)多。

3. —Did you go to the zoo？ 你去動(dòng)物園了嗎？

—No， I didn't. I went to a farm. 不，我沒(méi)有。我去了農(nóng)場(chǎng)。

【結(jié)構(gòu)透視】

一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。現(xiàn)在就讓我們一起看看一般過(guò)去時(shí)的變身術(shù)。

變身一： 肯定句→否定句

1. 謂語(yǔ)為was / were時(shí)

連系動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去式有兩種形式was和were， 其否定形式是在was或were后加not。如：

They were in New York last week.→They weren't in New York last week.

2. 謂語(yǔ)為行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)

句中謂語(yǔ)為行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式時(shí)，變否定句時(shí)需借助于didn't 來(lái)否定，didn't 后原來(lái)的行為動(dòng)詞要使用動(dòng)詞原形。如：

Mike went to the farm last Sunday. →Mike didn't go to the farm last Sunday.

變身二：陳述句→一般疑問(wèn)句

1. 含有動(dòng)詞was / were的句型

將was或were提前放在句首， 并大寫(xiě)第一個(gè)字母，末尾加問(wèn)號(hào)。肯定回答用：Yes， 主語(yǔ)+was / were。否定回答用：No， 主語(yǔ)+wasn't / weren't。如：

—Were you late yesterday？ 你昨天遲到了嗎？

—Yes， I was. / No， I wasn't. 是的，我遲到了。/ 不，我沒(méi)有遲到。

2. 含行為動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的句型。

在句首加助動(dòng)詞did，句中的行為動(dòng)詞要變?yōu)樵巍？隙ɑ卮鹩茫篩es， 主語(yǔ)+did;否定回答用：No， 主語(yǔ)+didn't。

—Did you go to the park last Sunday？ 你上周日去公園了嗎？

—Yes， I did. / No， I didn't. 是的，我去了。/ 不，我沒(méi)有。

變身三：陳述句→特殊疑問(wèn)句

1. 謂語(yǔ)為連系動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式時(shí)，特殊疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞+was/were+主語(yǔ)+其它？如：

My aunt was in Beijing in 2019. →Where was your aunt in 2019？

2. 謂語(yǔ)為行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式時(shí)，特殊疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？如：

He played basketball yesterday. →What did he play yesterday？

二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)“遵循的規(guī)則”——?jiǎng)釉~過(guò)去式形式

在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式，過(guò)去式分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。

有些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是不規(guī)則的，需要特殊記憶。我們學(xué)過(guò)的常見(jiàn)的的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞有：

am / is—was? are—were have—had go—went come—came do—did see—saw give—gave find—found say—said run—ran write—wrote

三、一般過(guò)去時(shí)“過(guò)去的表現(xiàn)”—— 主要用法

【課本原句】

—What did you do last weekend， Lucy？ 露西，上周末你做什么了？

—Well， on Saturday morning， I played badminton. 在周六上午，我打羽毛球了。

【用法透視】

一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。其用法主要如下：

四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別

【鞏固練習(xí)】

一、選擇填空。

1. ______ you ______ a horse last month？

A. Did; rode? B. Did; ride

C. Were; ride? D. Were; rode

2. I'm sorry you ______ fun on your school trip.

A. have? B. had

C. didn't have? D. not have

3. Mr. Green， ______ you ______ the museum last Sunday？

A. did; go to? ? B. do; went

C. do; go to? D. did; go

4. Lucy ______ a student last year， but now she ______ a teacher.

A. is; is? ? B. was; is

C. was; will be? ? D. is; was

5. —What did you do the day before yesterday， Mike？

—I ______ with my grandpa.

A. go fishing? ? B. went fish

C. am fish? D. went fishing

二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1. Bob ______ （be） born in September， 2007.

2. His father stayed at home and ______ （do） some reading.

3. Kevin ______ （go） to Hangzhou last Sunday.

4. Where ______ （be） you last weekend？

5. Peter and his family ______ （have） a good time in the park yesterday.

三、按要求完成句子。

1. My school trip was excellent. （對(duì)劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn)）

______ ______ your school trip？

2. The weather was good this morning. （改為否定句）

The weather ______ good this morning.

3. He did his homework last night. （改為否定句）

He ______ ______ his homework last night.

4. He knew something about it. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句）

______ he ______ ______ about it？

5. I saw some flowers in the park. （對(duì)劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn)）

______ ______ you ______ in the park？