竹海古鎮 偃王故里

方俊 羅意 劉佳蓓

千年風雨，白石古城。龍游溪口鎮歷史悠久，西周時期即有人定居。秦王政在公元前222年于姑蔑之地署太末縣。唐高祖武德四年，置縠州，又析置太末、白石二縣;八年廢縠州，白石入信安里，仍遺婺州。白石縣位于縣南三十五里白石山處，因白石山山石純白，縣以此得名。白石縣域東連太末，西至金華，北接太末，南攘遂昌，縣衙位于鎮區西北處?！短藉居钣洝肪碇攀摺督系谰?· 衢州》、萬歷志卷之一《輿地 · 沿革》等文獻均有記載。

溪口借助于水陸交通的便利優勢，最終成為重要的文化商業中心，是古時龍游的商貿重鎮。素有“竹海古鎮、偃王故里”美稱，先后被評為浙江省小城鎮綜合改革中心鎮、全國綠化造林百強鄉鎮，是省政府確定的浙江省200個中心鎮之一，衢州市9個全國重點鎮之一，也是衢麗（衢州、麗水）“美麗經濟帶”必經節點。溪口鎮黨委、政府高度重視，積極響應上級戰略部署，編制溪口鎮“千年古城”復興試點工作計劃，積極申報第二批千年古城復興試點。

作為一個擁有上千年歷史的古鎮，厚重的歷史底蘊是溪口最大的特色，其遺存的歷史文化建筑、工業歷史建筑、人文地標、商幫文化、徐偃王“仁義” 文化、“金蘭”文化、奮斗精神文化等構成了溪口豐富的文化內涵。好地方孕育好人才，溪口自古地靈人杰，先后出現徐偃王、劉章、勞景賢等幾十位人才。鎮內文物古跡底蘊豐富，擁有省、縣三級文物保護單位10個，是展現地域魅力的窗口。該鎮是第六批浙江省歷史文化名鎮，溪口村是全省第五批歷史文化（傳統）村落保護利用項目優秀村。

古鎮沿著靈山江而建，具有獨特的空間形態格局。放眼四望，有明清古建筑30余棟，分布在古街兩側。有古商鋪、古作坊和古民居。建筑整體形式、尺度、色彩具有典型江南地區傳統風格，既有徽派建筑特色，又融入龍游地方文化個性，古商鋪、古民居精雕細作，用材考究，部分建筑取材碩大，做工精細，傳統磚雕、木雕非常普遍。內容豐富有特色的建筑風格，形成了天然的建筑博物館。

老城新貌，美麗城鎮。歷史文化街區改造提升、新城開發建設和鄉村振興高質量發展加快推進。鎮區小城鎮環境綜合整治工程全面完成，基礎設施顯著完善，全力完成潔化、綠化、亮化、序化。歷史文化核心區基本構建完成，溪口歷史文化街區和靈山歷史文化街區，恢復和構建古城原有街區歷史風貌和人文風情。以“溪口公社，快樂老家”為主題，黃泥山小區為核心，建設輻射溪口乃至龍南“一鎮三鄉”的全省首個鄉村版未來社區正式投入使用，集優良宜居、創新創業、鄰里和睦、智慧治理于一體。圍繞打造承載溪口記憶的千年古城目標，加大對古城的保護與挖掘力度，保護好歷史文物，讓亟待保護的文物“活下去”，讓已經保護的文物“活起來”。溪口老街歷史建筑等有物質形態的文化場所保護，在保護中有序推進古城開發。

著眼擦亮古城文化基底，挖掘方山茶、斷頭龍、徐偃王廟會等非遺文化遺產，追溯各類文化的生命周期和表現形式。積極謀劃建設科技含量較高的溪口非物質文化遺產展示館、徐偃王文化園等項目，提升溪口居民和游客對千年古城文化的知曉度和認同感。對老街和歷史文化街區進行規劃建設，已完成溪口歷史文化街區一期、二期以及靈山歷史文化街區的規劃建設，天妃宮古建修復，加快推進老街三期沿街和沿江立面改造、禹王廟和八字門廳修復工程，老街再現昔日繁華。

利用本土文化特色，大力開展有禮指數主題實踐活動。舉辦以運動、黨建、親子為主題的研學活動。大力發展竹運會、長桌宴等特色文化活動，打響“百人長桌宴”“花樣竹運會”“熱鬧夜集市”系列品牌，文化旅游品牌影響力不斷提升。

瞄準建設現代化浙西新明珠的總目標，打響“衢州有禮、天下龍游”城市品牌。扎實推進千年古城復興工作，統籌加強遺跡保護、文化傳承、產業轉型、民生改善和環境提升，打造生態宜居、水清景美、安居樂業的美麗古城，浙江“千年古城”復興計劃中的浙西明珠。

在保護中開發、在開發中傳承、傳承中提升，推動保護、開發、傳承相得益彰，實現千年古城高質量復興。立足溪口獨特資源優勢和文化特色，以千年古城、商旅重鎮、美麗城鎮為總體定位，全力打造全省獨具魅力的傳統文化復興名城。

——千年古城。依托“商幫文化、徐偃王‘仁義’文化”的文化地位，以溪口歷史文化古街區、靈山歷史文化古街區、溪口鄉村未來社區“兩街一社區”為核心，充分挖掘文化資源，打造以白石縣治風情為底色、非遺傳承為特色，老字號商鋪、鄉愁民宿、地域特色餐飲為主要業態，集山魂水韻文脈鄉愁于一體的特色古城。

——龍南重鎮。發揮區位優勢，重點促進溪口與沐塵、廟下、大街“一鎮帶三鄉”聯動發展，積極發展精品農業、竹木加工、休閑養生等產業，著力打造產業興旺的龍游南部重鎮。

——美麗城鎮。以打造龍游縣域副中心為目標，以溪口鄉村未來社區為引擎，探索新時代城鄉融合高質量發展模式，從智慧城市、品質城市、文明城市三個維度，推動溪口高質量建設美麗城鎮，全面改善社會民生，提升數字化、精細化管理水平。

到2025年，實現溪口鎮全領域、全方位的復興，彰顯千年古城在新時代的新風貌新風采，在歷史遺存保護、傳統文化傳承弘揚、社會民生改善、生態環境美化等方面都有長足進步。到2035年，古城人居環境、基礎設施、服務配套、風貌塑造等方面全面提升，白石縣治歷史風貌全面重現，商幫文化魅力風采全面彰顯，城市文化軟實力和影響力顯著增強。

歷史遺存保護開發顯著加強。歷史文化古街區得到有效保護和開發，名人故居、景跡點和古橋等歷史古建得到進一步保護、修繕和重建，古村落風貌進一步改造提升，國家級、省級、區級文保單位申報取得新突破。

文化傳承與弘揚顯著增強。溪口商幫文化成為衢州市新的一張文化“金名片”，文化溯源研究取得較大進展，溪口古城形象品牌樹立，非物質文化遺產有效傳承。建成古城文化“會客廳”、非物質文化遺產展示館、徐偃王文化園等。生態環境顯著美化。自然山水景觀風貌得到有效保護，水體質量明顯改善，古城風貌明顯提升。到2025年，完成沿江立面改造、完成污水處理終端提升改造等。

提升古街歷史文化街區。加強歷史遺存保護與開發，大力推動文化傳承與弘揚，以文化旅游業為重點發展方向，著力提升老城居民生活品質提升。進一步打造歷史文化保護傳承區。強化古城歷史建筑、文保單位、非物質文化遺產等歷史文化資源的保護、開發與傳承弘揚等功能。聚焦遺存保護與文化傳承。堅持在保護中開發、在開發中保護，統籌處理好保護與傳承的關系。加強對古跡遺存的科學修繕、修復和重建，加強優秀傳統文化的溯源研究，加大特色文化的挖掘推廣，傳承好非物質文化遺產。

啟動古城整治修復工程。開展歷史遺存保護修繕與再利用。依據歷史資料結合初唐時代建筑風格復原古縣衙，對溪口歷史文化古街區進行三期建設，對靈山歷史文化古街區進行整體景觀風貌提升，修葺徐堰王廟和禹王廟，打造文化公園。設計白石縣千年古城文化標簽吉祥物，提升旅游標識系統，進行燈光亮化改造。古城建筑風貌在外觀上要與古城整體風貌相協調，內部根據業態布局和市場需要來開發，營造古城氛圍，生動展現初唐古城的歷史文化形象。

打造“智慧古城”。通過建設龍南旅游集散中心，提升溪口的智慧旅游服務能力和水平。運用5G、大數據等現代信息技術手段，在龍南旅游集散中心通過建立并完善智慧文保地圖實現數字化導覽、多維度展示，將歷史文化串珠成鏈。包含但不限于古城內及周邊景點查詢、云上景點展示、全景旅游體驗、電子旅游地圖導覽、交通線路查詢、旅游線路推薦、商業配套查詢、旅游安全救援等各大場景，逐步實現“一部手機游溪口”。

促進優秀文化傳承。建設古城文化“會客廳”和非物質文化遺產展示館。打造云客廳和古城數字沙盤，滿足線上和線下接待、會晤、游憩等多樣化功能，將其打造成為古城標志性景觀。積極謀劃建設科技含量較高的溪口非物質文化遺產展示館，以文化主題教育、社會實踐和文化論壇等形式，展現千年古城文化。

加快古城產業優化。打造旅游服務業。圍繞靈山、溪口歷史文化古街建設文化旅游風情街，盤活街區及周邊的旅游業，大力發展具有濃厚鄉土特色的龍游菜系和小吃產業文化，豐富業態，形成濃厚的商業氛圍。建設竹溪劇場作為演繹溪口歷史文化的場所，以現代的方式再現歷史記憶。大力發展竹運會、長桌宴、星星的市集等特色文化活動，打響“百人長桌宴”“花樣竹運會”“熱鬧夜集市”等系列品牌。鼓勵年輕創客來溪口發展，將老街打造成一條生態休閑、文旅融合的地方特色休閑旅游街、便民消費街、農民創業街。

Ancient Xikou Town Striving for Revitalization

By ?Fang Jun ?Luo Yi ?Liu Jiabei

Xikou town， once known as Baishi county， has a history of over a thousand years. Because of its location， convenient for both water and land transportation， it was an important town of commerce and trade in ancient times， and has eventually become a cultural and business hub today.

Renowned as “the ancient town of bamboo and the hometown of King Yan”， it has been listed as one of the central towns for comprehensive reform in Zhejiang province， one of the top 100 towns for afforestation achievement nationwide， one of the 200 key towns in Zhejiang province， one of the ten national key towns in Quzhou city， and an indispensable part of Quzhou’s “beautiful economic belt”.

The profound historical charm is the biggest feature of Xikou. Its historical and cultural landmarks， King Yan’s qualities of “benevolence and righteousness”， and its camaraderie and hard-working spirit have shaped the soul of the ancient town.

The ancient town is built along the Lingshan River and has a unique pattern of spatial form. More than 30 buildings from the Ming （1368-1644） and Qing （1616-1911） dynasties are distributed on both sides of the streets， including stores， workshops and houses. The overall layout， scale and color of the buildings have a distinct flavor of the Jiangnan area （south of the Yangtze River）， which have integrated both the Huizhou style and Longyou’s local architectural features. The ancient stores and houses are finely carved and made of exquisite materials， where traditional brick and wood carvings are very commonly seen. Rich in content and unique in style， they are like a natural architectural museum.

Nowadays， the ancient town has put on a new look. The transformation and upgrading of historical and cultural districts have been accelerated， so have the development and construction of new districts and the revitalization of rural areas. The comprehensive environmental improvement project has been fully completed， and the infrastructure has been significantly improved， cleaned， polished and kept in order. Furthermore， the construction of the historical and cultural core area has been basically completed， and the first rural future community in Zhejiang has been officially put into use.

Based on its local cultural resources， Xikou is also heading for modernization. While developing intangible cultural heritage such as Fangshan tea， Duantoulong （dragon with a broken neck） and King Yan’s temple， the Xikou government has also been actively planning some high-tech cultural projects and vigorously carrying out a wide range of local culture themed activities to enhance its reputation as a town of cultural tourism. The government has also intensified their efforts to improve people’s livelihood and ecological environment， aiming at building Xikou into a modern town in western Zhejiang.

Relying on the merchants’ culture and King Yan’s “benevolence and righteousness” culture， the government has taken “two districts and one community” as the core （Xikou and Lingshan historical and cultural districts and Xikou rural future community） to fully tap Xikou’s cultural resources by developing a business landscape including time-honored shops， cozy B&Bs and local restaurants.

To fully leverage its regional advantages， the government has focused on promoting the linkage development of “one town with three townships” （Xikou township with Muchen， Miaoxia and Dajie townships）， and the development of high-quality agriculture， bamboo and wood processing， leisure and healthcare， among other industries.

By 2025， Xikou township will achieve an all-round revitalization in terms of cultural inheritance， people’s well-being and environment; by 2035， the living conditions， the infrastructure， the supporting service facilities and the style of the ancient town will be further improved， and its soft power and influence will be significantly enhanced.

The protection and development of historical relics will be significantly strengthened. Xikou’s historic and cultural streets and areas have been effectively preserved and developed， the former residences of celebrities， scenic spots， ancient bridges and other buildings have been further protected， repaired and rebuilt， the style of ancient villages has been further transformed and improved， and new breakthroughs have been made in local government’s application of national， provincial and district-level units for cultural protection.

Cultural inheritance and promotion will also be significantly enhanced. The merchants’ culture of Xikou will become a new cultural “golden name card” of Quzhou， and a cultural “meeting room“ of the ancient town， an exhibition hall for intangible cultural heritage and King Yan’s cultural park will be established. Ecological enhancement projects will be implemented， effectively improving the natural landscape， the water quality and the overall style of the ancient town. By 2025， the facade renovation along the river and the upgrading of sewage treatment terminal will be completed. Specifically， the government will focus on cultural tourism， strive to improve the livelihood for residents in old districts， adopt a scientific way to repair， restore and reconstruct historical relics， and advance the traceability research of excellent traditional culture. It is critical to keep a good balance between protection and inheritance， in order to strengthen the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.

In addition， the government will carry out special projects to renovate Xikou in terms of architecture， cultural landscape and historical image， to build Xikou into a smart town， and to improve its industrial structure with a focus on tourism. Restoration of ancient districts will be implemented based on historical records of the architectural style of the early Tang dynasty （618-907）， the cultural mascot of the Baishi county will be designed， and the tourism signage system will be upgraded. Smart map system for tourists will also be built by using modern information technologies such as 5G and big data to realize digital navigation and multi-dimensional display. The application scenarios include search for tourist attractions in and around Xikou， on-the-cloud display of tourist attractions， panoramic travel experience， electronic travel guide， traffic route search and recommendation， search for service facilities， and search for information on travel safety and rescue. Meanwhile， apart from historical and cultural districts for tourists， Longyou cuisine and delicacies will also be vigorously developed at the local catering industry; long-table banquets， night markets and other cultural activities will be organized. Therefore， young entrepreneurs are encouraged to come to Xikou， where they are able to start their own businesses and shape the old street into a modern one with an atmosphere of leisure， entertainment and culture.