屠呦呦獲諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎

浙江 江 麗

2015年，屠呦呦成為中國第一位獲得諾貝爾科學獎項的本土科學家，這是中國醫學界迄今為止獲得的最高獎項，也是中醫藥成果獲得的最高獎項。

體裁文章詞數 建議用時約3897分鐘新聞報道

難詞探意

1. malaria /m??le?ri?/ n. 瘧疾

2. endemic/en?dem?k/adj.（尤指疾病）地方性的

3. veteran /?vet?r?n/ n. 經驗豐富的人

4. prescription /pr??skr?p?n/ n. 藥方；處方

Tu Youyou was born at the end of 1930 in Ningbo, East China's Zhejiang Province. After many years of hard work, Tu and her team found that artemisinin ( 青蒿素) has the effect of treating malaria. For her great discovery, Tu received the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The discovery has been highly recognized by the World Health Organization(WHO) and authoritative experts at home and abroad.

In 2020, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) launched a campaign to vote for“the Greatest Person of the 20th Century”. Tu,China's first Nobel Prize winner in physiology or medicine, successfully entered the list of 28 candidates and was the only Asian among the candidates. The campaign created a special introduction page for each candidate. On the page of Tu, the BBC listed three reasons for selecting her: she still holds scientific ideals in difficult times; she keeps moving forward while never forgetting to learn from the past; her achievements influence both the West and East.The introduction of Tu in the “ICONS” column is as follows: Pharmaceutical chemist (藥劑師)whose research helped save millions of lives.Inspired by ancient books, Chinese chemist Tu Youyou discovered a new treatment for malaria,which has helped save lives globally.

In the 1960s, as many people around the world were suffering from malaria, Tu, having a background in Chinese and Western medicine,and hard-working spirit, accepted the antimalaria research task. In 1969, Tu became the head of the research team focusing on curing malaria with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)and began the difficult process of conquering the endemic disease. Reading TCM books, visiting famous veteran doctors, and consulting prescriptions made up a typical day for Tu.Experiments had been carried out day and night on key drugs preciously selected and some backups. In order not to miss the clinical observation season of that year, Tu volunteered to test the drug personally. “I am the group leader, and I have the responsibility to test it.”After a week's trial and observation, no obvious side effects were detected. She crossed mountains and rivers and tested her findings on 21 patients. The results were satisfactory.

Since 2000, the WHO has promoted artemisinin as the first-choice anti-malarial drug worldwide. In 2010, about 180 million people received artemisinin-based combination therapy worldwide, with a cure rate of 97 percent.

1.What can we know about the campaign started by BBC?

A. It aimed to introduce great women.

B. It involved many candidates from Asia.

C. It mainly focused on Nobel Prize winners.

D. It created a special page for each candidate's information.

2. Which of the following inspired Tu greatly to her discovery?

A. Public support. B. Ancient books.

C. Doctors' help. D.BBC's campaign.

3. What's the third paragraph mainly about?

A. Tu Youyou's personal information and life.

B. Impacts of Tu Youyou's discovery of artemisinin on the West.

C. The process of Tu Youyou's discovering new treatment for malaria.

D. Significance of Tu Youyou's discovering new treatment for malaria.

Difficult sentence

Reading TCM books, visiting famous veteran doctors, and consulting prescriptions made up a typical day for Tu. 閱讀中醫醫書、拜訪有名的經驗豐富的醫生、查詢處方是屠呦呦每天都在做的事情。

【點石成金】該句的Reading TCM books、visiting famous veteran doctors和consulting prescriptions為動名詞作主語。 a typical day 意為“具有代表性的一天”。

青蒿素的來源

青蒿素主要是從青蒿中直接提取得到，或從青蒿中提取含量較高的青蒿酸，然后半合成得到。 青蒿雖然是世界廣布品種，但青蒿素含量隨產地不同差異極大。據迄今的研究結果顯示，世界上除中國重慶東部、福建、廣西、海南部分地區外，其他絕大多數地區生產的青蒿中的青蒿素含量都很低，無利用價值。 據中國有關部門調查，在全球范圍內，只有中國重慶酉陽地區武睦山脈生長的青蒿中的青蒿素才具有工業提煉價值。酉陽是世界上最主要的青蒿生產基地，其青蒿生產種植技術已通過了國家GAP認證，享有“世界青蒿之鄉”的美譽，全球80%的原料青蒿產自酉陽。