多動癥的真相

甘肅 謝亞麗

注意缺陷與多動障礙又稱為多動癥，是兒童期常見的一類心理障礙，表現為與年齡和發育水平不相稱的注意力不集中、注意時間短暫、活動過度和沖動，常伴有學習困難、品行障礙和適應不良。

題材健康體裁說明文文章詞數 難度 建議用時276 ★★★★ 6 分鐘

It is reported that nearly 2.5 million primary school children in the United States have ADHD (多動癥). That is one out of ten children.Those children may have trouble sitting quietly.Some play with pencils, talk when they shouldn't, and jump to do things before thinking. Others can sit still but find it hard to focus on schoolwork. However, ADHD does not have to be something that keeps you away from achievements.

Astronaut Scott Kelly has flown on four space missions (太空飛行任務). But when he was growing up, he had trouble focusing in school. As a result, he got low grades.

“I read a novel in college about the space program. The book motivated (激 勵） me to study harder and become a better student and,finally, an astronaut. The lesson I learned was:Don't ever give up on yourself. Find something or someone that motivates you.”

Katherine was a newspaper reporter. She won a Pulitzer Prize. She did not know she had ADHD until her son did a test to find out if he had it. Reading his checklist carefully, she realized that he did have ADHD and so did she.Today, she accepts ADHD as part of her biggest challenges and her greatest successes.

Zachary is an excellent skater and has won some international prizes. In primary school,Zachary had no friends because his classmates thought he was wild and got excited too easily.

“When I was 16, I realized that it was OK for me to be different from others. Now, I still fight with ADHD, but I've learned how to slow down, which is important to someone with ADHD.”

Reading Check

1. The underlined part “Those children” in paragraph 1 refers to “_______”.

A. children with ADHD

B. children in the United States

C. children with good achievements

D. children having trouble with their schoolwork

2. Scott Kelly found motivation from ______.

A. an astronaut

B. a novel

C. his space missions

D. his college courses

3. Katherine didn't realize that she had ADHD until ______.

A. her son asked her to do a test

B. her doctor told her about it

C. she became a newspaper reporter

D. she saw her son's ADHD checklist

4. The author wrote this text mainly to ______.

A. explain what ADHD is

B. show the influence of ADHD

C. encourage people with ADHD

D. call for help for people with ADHD

Language Study

Difficult sentence

In primary school, Zachary had no friends because his classmates thought he was wild and got excited too easily. 在小學時，Zachary沒有朋友，因為他的同學認為他狂躁且容易激動。

【點石成金】because引導的是原因狀語從句，thought后是一個省略了that的賓語從句。