馬德里EMV60戶社會集合住宅

建設單位：馬德里市政住房與土地公司

項目地點：西班牙馬德里

設計單位：HAND 建筑師事務所

場地面積：3 300 平方米

建筑面積：5 750 平方米

攝影：Adolfo Gosálvez

Client:Municipal Housing and Land Company of Madrid

Location:Madrid,Spain

Architect:HAND Architecture

Site Area:3,300 m2

Building Area:5,750 m2

Photography: Adolfo Gosálvez

考慮到場地周邊的城市現狀，該方案通過一種直接的抽象方式——限制體量——來占據場地的中心位置。我們必須將這座建筑放置在改造過的場地中，而土地將不可避免地承受建筑重壓。因此，我們希望通過為體量 “減重”，并以此為基礎尋求將功能，立面表達，采光和建筑朝向結合在一起的方法。簡言之，我們需要創造一種可以高效使用的計劃。我們首先將這座建筑視為一塊巨型大理石，接下來通過從中逐步削減體量，而非添加，創造出最后的建筑形體。

這座建筑形成了一個豎向的社會體系，它有利于促進一座公寓建筑中的各級關系（公共與私人領域）。根據所處位置，這座建筑既需要向天空和陽光敞開，同時也要利用其外部結構與街道分離。最終，這座建筑以樹狀結構容納了60 戶人家。

聯排住宅的本質是線性的居住空間，可以根據實際需要進行分隔。室內走廊和服務空間則如同 “外套”一樣將居室包裹其中。我們首先確定了起居室和走廊的尺寸，使其它小空間可以被安插其中。這樣的布局不僅可以有效隔離周圍環境，而且可以隨住戶需求定制，從而營造出舒適和親切的感受。布局的靈活性使房屋擁有了隨時間變化的能力。

該系統不僅具有功能和結構上的優勢，同時也是一種有效的房屋隔熱和隔音被動解決方案，將帶來積極的節能效果。由服務設施組成的 “功能墻”以被布置在每個單元的外圍，假它與建筑外墻共同為居室提供良好的通風。

我們通過選擇材料使建筑獲得合適的表達效果。停車場緩緩從建筑一側打開，汽車好像逐漸消失在場地的樹林中一樣。建筑的外立面以棕色磚砌筑，與馬德里傳統住宅相仿。外部顏色暗沉，內部明亮。住戶內部使用木材覆蓋墻體，營造出溫暖的氛圍。

Given the urban conditions,the proposal begins by conquering the center of the site through a direct abstraction:the limit volume.Imagining the capable parallelepiped,we cannot avoid making it rest on the transformed terrain,on the ground trampled by the weight of such an enormous mass.Posed in this way,we are preparing to empty this virtual prism seeking to enable the program,the buildable surface,the sunshine and the orientations;In short,useful plans.The shape is born from the subtraction of pieces from the massif capable,as if it were a piece of marble,not by the addition of type units.

A society of vertical prisms that,in its strategic disposition,facilitates the hierarchical relations(public and private) of a residential building that,due to its location,needs to be open to the sky and the sun,but also demands protection from the streets with its envelopes.The enclosure,qualified from the emptying of its perimeters,houses sixty houses in a tree-like manner.

Serial houses are essentially linear living spaces that are compartmentalized according to true needs.We dimension the central room,the nave,which naturally invites fragmentation that must exist,and not vice versa.The spaces thus arranged cause comfortable intimacy,not only because of its efficient perimeter insulation but also because of its capacity for personalization.The temporality of the houses,their capacity for transformation over time,is thus facilitated.

But this system not only has functional or compositional advantages,it also represents an effective passive solution to the thermal and acoustic insulation of homes,which,in the end,will lead to a positive energy saving.The functional bands of “inhabited walls”by server elements,placed in a centrifugal manner on the outer perimeter of each unit allow adequate ventilation by opposing facades.

The choice of materials seeks the right quality.In this way,the parking lot,on the earthy support plane of the original prism,opens laterally,so that the cars sound slowly through the trees.Trees that offer their glasses at the level of the recreational and access platform on the ground floor.The exterior facades are complemented by colorful brick,complex rigging,echoing the echo of Madrid's residential architecture,dark in the outer limits planes,clear in the interiors,enhancing the internal luminosity,formalizing the idea of protective shell against indetermination Exterior.We live the interior with wood,we cover it with white light;We make it durable,economical and warm.

內院效果圖 Effect Picture of Inner Courtyard

標準層平面圖 Typical Floor Plan

實體模型 Entity model