卡拉班切區102住宅

建設單位：馬德里市政住房與土地公司

項目地點：西班牙馬德里

設計單位：Extudio 事務所

場地面積：4 446.15 平方米

建筑面積：12 277.15 平方米

攝影：Miguel de Guzmán，Paul Riddle

Client:Municipal Housing and Land Company of Madrid

Location:Madrid,Spain

Architect:EXtudio.

Site Area:4 446.15 m2

Building Area:12 277.15 m2

Photography:Miguel de Guzmán,Paul Riddle

痕跡：朝向與適應

場所需要表達自身的本質，并且以自然的方式呈現和發展。在本項目中，馬德里卡拉班切區102 住宅項目所在的區域將舊卡拉班切區與其前方的森林綠地相聯。作為對綠地和場所原貌的回應，我們的項目被壓縮在場地邊沿的線性區域中。在有限的空間條件下，我們需要發掘場所中的主要特質，在建筑偏向南側的東西立面創造視覺方向性，劃定活動區域，確定建筑外觀，并使住宅獲得平靜安寧的內部環境。

Trace:Orientation and Acceptance

places need to express their own being,emerge naturally,build themselves.And specifically this place,aligned in front of the green pause,in front of the concatenation of public spaces that unite the old Carabanchel with its forest,through the extension,in front of the site on which we are building.In response,the houses are compressed on the edge,a single linear piece,in a search for the main reason for the place,views and an optimal orientation where east and west share the south,generating the limit of activity,calming the interior and defining the exterior.

This situation also takes care of the nearby conditions,the immediate environment benefits from a respectful element with the neighboring buildings,to which the sun gives way,with the construction moving away on a plinth that nevertheless maintains the alignment foreshadowed in the plan.This socket becomes active and activated element.Activated by the building itself,which sweeps a hard area with its shadow and defines the border of a vegetated surface along its path.Active,since in addition to becoming a meeting and play place,it concentrates access to the different portals and is related to the garage that opens to it,providing ventilation and natural lighting.

本項目同時充分考慮了臨近場地的情況，尊重相鄰的建筑物。得益于周圍建筑的合理間距，102 住宅可以獲得充足的日照。住宅被插在 “底座”之上，互相對齊。而 “底座”——一個抬高的公共廣場——則成為了被建筑激活的空間。每當白天住宅凹凸的陰影輪廓掃過廣場時，都會與廣場中人行線路和綠植邊界產生有趣的互動。除了作為公共社交區域外，廣場還整合了不同單元和底層停車場的出入口，并且為停車場提供通風和自然采光。

策略：最小模塊+添加

102 住宅項目對于場所多變的條件做出了回應，而建筑本身則是在不變的核心系統——東南和西南方向的建筑主體——基礎上進行模數化調整和添加后生成的。該核心系統兼具采光和景觀優勢，每戶最重要起居室和臥室兩個空間沿東南或西南面布置。這兩個立面配有濾網，提供遮陽的同時遮蔽后方的小型服務陽臺。如同懸于空中的云朵一樣，在這個表面之后，通過添加模塊形成兩臥或三臥戶型，我們實現了一種基于秩序（不變的）的變化。

對于該系統中所包含嚴格秩序的調整和呈現是以一種數學的方式進行的。住宅成為了居住的機器，添加模塊改變立面的總體原則是減少公共交通空間，豐富內部關系，同時使整個項目呈現整體性。

施工體系：定制的整體模板

102 住宅展示了一種社會住宅的建造體系，這是其組織形式自然形成的結果。該體系的價值被重復的模塊強化，同時保留了每個住戶的獨特性。對單個高精度混凝土模塊進行重復實現了建筑主體核心的穩定性，同時，那些作為變數的添加模塊則由輕質金屬結構支撐。模塊化的工業化建造方式簡化了102 住宅施工，消除了現場廢料并縮短了工期。

Stratege:Minimum modulus+additions

The project that responds to these conditions of place is also emerged from the houses which are projected by and for this situation from an invariable nucleus that,after a modulated addition,completes the requirements of the program.This fixed nucleus is built of views and sun,its two main pieces,living room and bedroom,are attached to the southeast and southwest limits,from which they are protected with a vibrant filter,relegating a services to the back plane.Behind this plane,and like clouds over the void,the variation of this invariable occurs by adding some pieces that contain the program that forms the two and three bedroom homes.

The strict order is mathematically disordered and projected variable and changing.Thus,the houses become machines for living,and the adjusted surfaces are projected as such,minimizing the transition zones between rooms,rich in their internal relationships.But also in global ones.

Construction system:Custom integral form work

The project proposes a systematization of social housing.The construction system used is therefore a natural consequence of its organization,which optimizes the values of repetition,without renouncing the identity of each user.Its construction responds to this need for industrial optimization,thus the stability of the main body is built in concrete from a single,high-precision mold.Meanwhile,the variations occur thanks to the light modules in a metallic structure that constitute the addition elements.This industrialized system facilitates application,eliminates the appearance of debris in the construction process,and speeds up execution time.

總平面圖 Site Plan

中庭示意圖 Atrium diagram

軸測圖解 Axonometric Diagram

地下層平面 Basement Plan

地面層平面 Ground Plan

二層平面 First floor plan

三層平面 Third floor plan

四層平面 Forth floor plan

五層平面 Fifth floor plan

屋頂層平面 Roof Plan

東立面圖 East Elevation

東剖面圖 East Section