編織住宅

建設單位：個人

項目地點：哥倫比亞Cundinamarca 地區

設計單位：Zuloark 事務所

建筑面積：103 平方米

攝影：Federico Carioli

Client:Private

Location:Region of Cundinamarca,Colombia

Architect:Zuloark

Building Area:103 m2

Photography:Federico Carioli

“編織住宅”是一個實驗性的住房項目，地點位于哥倫比亞Cundinamarca 地區一個偏僻的農村的分散社區La VeredaFical中，業主是一戶種植咖啡的家庭。這個項目是一次建筑師與自然以及承擔社會責任的演練。對我們來說，整個過程是同當地社群一起通過原型進行學習的機會。社會包容，開放和智能的設計過程，保護生物多樣性和低環境影響的體系結構，這些模式為哥倫比亞農村地區的未來發展提供了替代模型。La VeredaFical 社區由20 互家庭組成，簡陋的山路交通使外人難以進入，因此也保留了豐富的生物多樣性。Casa Tejida 提出了一種與環境相關并協同發展的體系結構。這不僅限于其物理形式，還涉及整個過程中的學習過程。如同當今的的學習方式不再由線性或垂直的知識交換組成，Casa Tejida 的建造和設計過程在所有參與者之間產生了新的協作和交流的意愿。學習，交流和集體建造社區中的項目與建筑的實現同等重要。

由于困難的交通，在工作的六個月中我們一直居住在緊鄰現場的社區中，向當地村民學習本地知識。“編織住宅”的位置與場地等高線保持垂直，如此它可以更好的適應地勢，避免了大量土方工程。它重復的木結構靈感源自當地前西班牙時期的建筑形式。這些建筑中一些木樁埋在土中支撐房屋立柱，另一些木柱則只是落在石塊上。如從的理由是在房屋建成的早期，埋在土中的木樁稱重，而當多年后木樁腐爛，就靠落在石塊上的立柱承受荷載。在從波哥大去現場的路上，我們偶遇當地制作天然纖維編織家具的瑪麗亞女士，我們與她一起努力將編織技術運用到房屋的圍合元素中，共同設計和制作房屋的編織外墻。

哥倫比亞盡管森林茂密，卻缺少干欄式建筑傳統，這種形式被認為是簡陋和貧窮的象征。“編織住宅”將探索預制解決方案作為前提，這能使它更好的適應當條件，盡可能降低對環境的影響并。同時我們保證高級工藝水平的建造，木匠與五金匠如同拼圖補全在團隊中，他們實現了現場的快速組裝。我們與一些小公司共同探索在哥倫比亞實現這種創新的建筑方式。

業主與建造團隊共同為這座住宅負責。為了擁有一座對環境友善和經濟的房屋，我們需要減少面積。我們消除了過渡空間和走廊，鋪設木地板，使房屋每個角落都成為宜居空間。這同時也是一座用最少材料建造的房屋。去除固定外墻，內部隔墻，隔熱和飾面的做法使它在天氣允許情況下可以成為完全向外部環境敞開的房屋。

Casa Tejida is an experimental housing project associated to a coffee family plantation in an isolated rural community in the region of Cundinamarca,Colombia.The project is an exercise of how can we be responsible in our profession as architects towards the environment and the society where it is implemented. During the process of design and construction,a working,decision making and coexistence community has emerged.The whole process was an opportunity for learning and training through prototyping,including social inclusion,open and intelligent design,biodiverse and low environmental impact architecture,which resolves in alternative models for the future development of rural areas of Colombia.

剖面圖 Section

平面圖 Plan

La VeredaFical is a rural and dispersed community that consists of approximately 20 families arranged along an unpaved mountain path of very difficult access,and it has made this hillside a place of incredible life and biodiversity.Casa Tejida proposes an architecture that relates to the environment and context in which it is developed,yet not exclusively through its physical form,but from the learning items that have occurred throughout the process.Just as formal ways of learning no longer consist of a linear or vertical way of knowledge exchange.The building and designing process of Casa Tejida has had the will to generate new forms of collaboration and exchange between all the participants in the process.The construction of the learning,exchanging and collective construction community have been as important as the realization of the project.

The difficult access to the construction site made us to live during the work in the adjacent community,we valued and shared the local knowledge coming from the inhabitants.Casa Tejida is located perpendicular to the contour lines,adapting better to existing topography and avoiding large earthworks.The repetitive wood structure of casa Tejida is inspired from pre-Hispanic architecture,where some columns are buried in the ground while others simply rest on stones,with the idea that in the early years those buried wooden pillars hold the house,but years later when they become rotten,the columns resting on the stones hold the bearing load.On the way to the site from Bogota,we casually met Maria,who has a natural fibers woven furniture business and together with her we worked on adapting her weaving techniques into a construction element.

In Colombia,in spite of its natural richness and forests,there is not much tradition in wood building and dwellings on palafittes,methods that are understood as poor communitiesconstructions. Casa Tejida has as premise to explore prefabricated solutionsso that it is better adapted to the places and climates they are located,generating less impact and providing high quality architectural solutions.We alsopursue a high degree of craftsmanship,where wood and metal guilds have produced the pieces of a puzzle to be assembled very quickly on site.Together with a small cluster of companies we explored this innovative way of building in Colombia.

It has been an exercise of responsibility from our clients,in collaboration with the architecture team to understand that,in order to have a better house,which has environmental,economic impact,we have to build less.We reduce the constructed area,eliminate corridors or transitional spaces,and also provide a wooden floor that makes every corner of the house a possible livable space.This house also builds less in materials,dispensing with constructive elements such as interior divisions,insulation and interior veneer in facades,floor and roof,as weather conditions allow it,being a house completely open to the environment.