英雄的土地 在山城重慶追尋紅色印記

楊艷

為慶祝中國共產(chǎn)黨成立100周年，文化和旅游部聯(lián)合中央宣傳部、中央黨史和文獻(xiàn)研究院、國家發(fā)展改革委推出“建黨百年紅色旅游百條精品線路”。其中，重慶共有4條線路上榜，這無疑證明了2019年習(xí)近平總書記在重慶考察工作結(jié)束時(shí)講話中提到的那句話：“重慶是一塊英雄的土地，有著光榮的革命傳統(tǒng)。”

今年是中國共產(chǎn)黨成立100周年，重慶的紅色旅游景點(diǎn)迎來參觀高峰，來自全國各地的人們?cè)诩t色景點(diǎn)緬懷革命先烈，追尋紅色印記，掀起紅色旅游熱潮。

紅色資源是中國共產(chǎn)黨艱辛而輝煌奮斗歷程的見證，是最寶貴的精神財(cái)富。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，重慶現(xiàn)有不可移動(dòng)革命文物417處，其中，全國重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位46處、市級(jí)文物保護(hù)單位95處、區(qū)縣級(jí)文物保護(hù)單位145處、一般不可移動(dòng)文物131處。

7月27日，重慶市委宣傳部副部長、電影局局長張洪斌在重慶市革命文物保護(hù)利用工作新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上介紹，這些革命文物分布在重慶39個(gè)區(qū)縣，并呈“一心、兩老、兩帥、三片”的格局。“一心”是以紅巖革命文物為中心的主城都市區(qū)片區(qū)，“兩老”就是老一輩無產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命家楊闇公、趙世炎故居和紀(jì)念館。“兩帥”即劉伯承、聶榮臻元帥故居和紀(jì)念館，“三片”即以綦江為重點(diǎn)的長征片區(qū)、以酉陽為重點(diǎn)的湘鄂川黔片區(qū)、城口川陜片區(qū)。在革命文物所在時(shí)間序列上，基本覆蓋了舊民主主義革命以來的各個(gè)歷史階段，特別是紅巖革命文物承載的紅巖精神納入中國革命精神譜系，紅巖品牌成為重慶的金色名片。

如今，游覽曾家?guī)r50號(hào)（周公館）、紅巖村、渣滓洞、白公館等紅色旅游經(jīng)典景區(qū)，品味紅色文化，已成為許多游客來重慶“寓教于游”的必選項(xiàng)。同時(shí)，各大紅色景點(diǎn)也開始創(chuàng)新不斷，通過紅色演藝、紅色文創(chuàng)以及沉浸式體驗(yàn)的推出，吸引了更多年輕化客群。

比如，川劇《江姐》、話劇《紅巖魂》、歌劇《塵埃落定》等優(yōu)秀舞臺(tái)劇目場(chǎng)場(chǎng)爆滿，今年開演的大型紅色旅游實(shí)景演藝劇目《重慶·1949》，憑借高科技的舞臺(tái)表現(xiàn)手法，再現(xiàn)了中國人民解放軍解放重慶，并與重慶人民一起保衛(wèi)城市的宏大場(chǎng)景，圈粉無數(shù)。

還有一大批黨史題材優(yōu)秀舞臺(tái)劇目登上舞臺(tái)：以紅巖英烈張露萍為原型的大型舞劇《絕對(duì)考驗(yàn)》、紅色題材雜技劇《一雙繡花鞋》、囊括共產(chǎn)黨百年經(jīng)典音樂片段反映建黨百年光輝歷程的音樂會(huì)《太陽頌》、以芭蕾舞方式演繹共產(chǎn)黨員堅(jiān)貞不屈斗爭精神和堅(jiān)守共產(chǎn)主義理想信念的芭蕾舞精品節(jié)目《百年紅梅頌》等優(yōu)秀文藝作品……讓游客白天觀景點(diǎn)，夜晚看演出，充分感受重慶的紅色文化。

值得一提的是，據(jù)重慶市文化和旅游發(fā)展委員會(huì)一級(jí)巡視員江衛(wèi)寧介紹，作為文物保護(hù)利用的重要內(nèi)容，重慶已納入了長征國家文化公園建設(shè)范圍，重慶段建設(shè)范圍涉及綦江、酉陽、城口、黔江、石柱、秀山、彭水等7個(gè)區(qū)縣。

“目前，已審定通過了長征國家文化公園重慶段建設(shè)實(shí)施方案和規(guī)劃，明確以中央紅軍長征線路為主，兼顧紅二、紅四方面軍長征線路，著力打造綦江、酉陽、城口3個(gè)主體建設(shè)區(qū)（其中，城口作為紅四方面軍市級(jí)重點(diǎn)拓展區(qū)），以及黔江、石柱、秀山、彭水4個(gè)拓展區(qū)的‘3+4公園體系。”這意味著除了現(xiàn)有的紅色旅游景區(qū)，未來又將新添多個(gè)好去處。

圖片/市文化旅游委提供

In celebration of the centenary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China （CPC）， the Ministry of Culture and Tourism has launched the "100 selected red tourism routes marking the centenary of CPC" jointly with the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee， the Institute of Party History and Literature of CPC Central Committee and the National Development and Reform Commission. The list includes four routes in Chongqing， undoubtedly proving the sentence General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered in his speech at the end of Chongqing inspection work in 2019， "Chongqing is a heroic land with glorious revolutionary traditions."

With the centenary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China （CPC） this year， the red tourism attractions in Chongqing ushered in a visit peak. People around the country entered the red sites to retrieve the memory of the revolutionary martyrs and follow the red marks， unveiling a red tourism boom.

Being the most precious spiritual wealth， the red resources serve as witness to the arduous yet glorious struggle of the Communist Party of China. According to statistics， there are 417 immovable revolutionary relic sites in Chongqing， including 46 national key cultural relic protection sites， 95 municipal-level cultural relic protection units， 145 district- and county-level cultural relic protection units and 131 generally immovable relics sites.

On July 27， Zhang Hongbin， deputy head of Publicity Department of the CPC Chongqing Committee and head of Chongqing Film Administration， introduced at a press conference on the protection and utilization of revolutionary relics in Chongqing that such relics are distributed in 39 districts and counties in Chongqing with the "one center， two predecessors， two marshals and three areas" pattern. "One center" refers to the metropolitan area of the city proper centered on Hongyan revolutionary relics; "two predecessors" mean the former residences and memorial museums of the proletarian predecessor revolutionists Yang Angong and Zhao Shiyan; "Two marshals" stand for the former residences and memorial museums of Marshal Liu Bocheng and Nie Rongzhen; "three areas" represent the Long March area with Qijiang as the focus， the Hunan-Hubei-Sichuan-Guizhou area and Chengkou Sichuan- Shaanxi area with Youyang as the focus. In the time sequence of the revolutionary relics， various historical stages since the Old Democratic Revolution are basically covered. In particular， with Hongyan spirit carried by the Hongyan revolutionary relics incorporated into the Chinese revolutionary spirit genealogy， the Hongyan brand has become the golden landmark of Chongqing.

At present， visiting the classic red attractions such as 50 Zengjiayan （Zhou Residence）， Hongyan Village， Zhazi Cave， White Residence， etc. and savoring the red culture have become a must for many tourists to experience "educational travel" in Chongqing. At the same time， with constant innovation， various red sites have attracted more younger visitors by unveiling red art performances， red cultural creations and immersive experiences.

For example， Sichuan opera Sister Jiang， drama Hong Yan Hun， opera Red Poppies and other excellent stage plays are packed with audience members every time. The large-scale red tourism live-action art performance show Chongqing · 1949， leveraging high-tech stage expression techniques， revisits the grand scene of PLA liberating Chongqing and defending the city together with the Chongqing people， was put on this year with high popularity.

Moreover， a host of other selected stage plays with the theme of Party history are also shown， such as large-scale dance drama Absolute Test based on the Hongyan martyr Zhang Luping， red theme acrobatic drama A Pair of Embroidered Shoes， concert Ode to the Sun encompassing classic music fragments of the Communist Party's centenary and the glorious centennial course after the founding of the Party， as well as refined ballet show Ode to the Centennial Red Plum Blossoms epitomizing the CPC members unyielding and struggling spirit， along with their adherence to the communist ideals and beliefs， and other outstanding literary and artistic works. The tourists can thus visit the attractions during the day and watch the performances at night， so as to fully explore the local red culture.

It is worth mentioning that， according to Jiang Weining， level-I inspector of Chongqing Municipal Development Committee of Culture and Tourism， Chongqing， as the part and parcel of the protection and utilization of cultural relics， has been incorporated into the construction scope of the national Long March cultural parks， involving 7 districts and counties such as Qijiang， Youyang， Chengkou， Qianjiang， Shizhu， Xiushan and Pengshui in Chongqing section.

"For the time being， the implementation scheme and planning on the construction of the national Long March cultural parks in Chongqing section have been approved. Prioritizing the Central Red Armys Long March route and taking Long March routes of the Second Front Army and the Fourth Front Army into account， such scheme and planning highlight the building of three main construction areas of Qijiang， Youyang， and Chengkou （among them， Chengkou acted as a key municipal-level expansion area of the Fourth Front Army）， and the '3+4' park system in the four expansion areas of Qianjiang， Shizhu， Xiushan， and Pengshui.” This means that multiple new destinations will emerge in the future apart from the existing red tourism sites.

Photos / Provided by Chongqing Municipal Development Committee of Culture and Tourism