聽阿根廷小伙論“道”

高維微

在北碚白居易老茶館見到Pablo時，他正和朋友們一起品茶。

Pablo來自阿根廷，中文名潘楚天，是西南大學的一名外籍教師，在重慶生活了8年。去年10月，潘楚天和西南大學學生王芊懿共同完成的微電影《渡娘道》，是“2020看中國·外國青年影像計劃·重慶行”活動的10部優秀紀錄片之一。

《渡娘道》取材于真實故事，講述的是普通農村婦女孫德紅成長為高檔民宿“清歡渡”老板娘的經歷。

孫德紅早年以賣豆花為生，經過多年打拼，在縉云山開辦了屬于自己的農家樂。在當地政府“建設美麗鄉村”的倡議下，她將傳統農家樂轉型為高檔民宿“清歡渡”，還積極帶動周邊村民致富。

片名中的“渡娘”，指的自然是清歡渡老板娘孫德紅。但是“道”又從何而來呢？

對這個問題，潘楚天這位老外竟講得頭頭是“道”：“這個字很中國，意義也很復雜。我所理解的‘道’有兩層意思，一個是‘路’。另外，我覺得這個字和中國傳統文化中的‘陰陽’有關，充滿了哲理。”

潘楚天擼起袖子讓我們看他的手鐲。這是潘楚天來中國前母親送他的禮物，刻了很多太極圖案：“陰與陽，好與壞不斷轉換，形成一個完整的圓的狀態，這是我心中‘道’的意思，也是我母親理解的中國文化。”

“道，可以簡單理解為渡娘的成長之路。和渡娘一樣，中國還有很多農村婦女，通過自己的勤勞和奮斗，把日子過得越來越好。”在電影里，潘楚天試圖用自己對“陰陽”的理解來解釋中國農村婦女的成長之“道”，“陰與陽，一直貫穿在電影的每個環節。”

潘楚天一邊播放電影，一邊解讀——

剛嫁到縉云山時，渡娘一家生活困頓，她進城務工當服務員，那種艱難的生活處境是“陰”。同時，渡娘夫妻倆又很恩愛，他們相互扶持著賺錢養家，這種快樂是“陽”。

再到后來，渡娘開起了農家樂，每天迎來送往，渡娘疲憊的生活狀態是“陰”。同時，夫妻倆兢兢業業經營農家樂，客人們贊不絕口，表現的就是“陽”。

農家樂改民宿后，四十來間客房只剩十三間，周邊的環境越來越好，渡娘也有更多時間享受鄉村生活。潘楚天覺得從這時開始，渡娘的生活已經充滿了“陽”。

不管他的解說有沒有道理，反正看過《渡娘道》后，孫德紅笑得合不攏嘴。每當有人問她為啥要把農家樂改成民宿時，渡娘總會推薦這部《渡娘道》，“我所有心里話，都記錄在這部電影里了。”

潘楚天拍攝《渡娘道》并非心血來潮。

五年前，為了一碗豆腐腦，潘楚天在朋友的帶領下，來到了孫德紅的農家樂，就此與渡娘相識，見證了渡娘和她的清歡渡的成長。潘楚天的家鄉羅薩里奧市，位于潘帕斯草原的中心，那里是重要的大豆產區。不過，來中國前，潘楚天沒見過豆腐。在重慶生活了8年，潘楚天愛上了各類豆制品，比如豆腐腦、豆花、麻婆豆腐、紅燒豆腐、豆腐干等。

“如果沒有豆腐，我和我女朋友也不可能在一起。”潘楚天說，他習慣吃牛肉，而女朋友是個素食主義者，還好他們之間有豆腐可以一同享用。

When I met Pablo at Bai Juyi Teahouse in Beibei， he was sipping tea with his friends.

Coming from Argentina and currently serving as a foreign teacher at Southwest University， Pablo got himself a Chinese name--Pan Chutian， and he has lived in Chongqing for 8 years. Last October， the micro-film "Tao in the Eyes of Duniang" jointly created by Pan Chutian and Wang Qianyi， a student of Southwest University， was rated as one of the 10 top documentaries in the "2020 Looking China·Youth Film Project·Chongqing" event.

"Tao in the Eyes of Duniang" is based on the true story of Sun Dehong， an ordinary rural woman， who grew up to be the proprietress of Qinghuandu， a high-end homestay.

Sun Dehong made a living selling tofu pudding in her early years and opened her own farmhouse in Jinyun Mountain after years of hard work. To respond to the call of the local government to "build beautiful countryside"， she transformed her traditional farmhouse into a high-end homestay named "Qinghuandu"， helping her neighbors to become rich.

The "Duniang" in the title refers of course to Sun Dehong， owner of Qinghuandu. But where does "Tao" come from

On this issue， what Pan Chutian said as a foreigner， actually hit the nail on the head： "This word is quite of Chinese style， with complicated meaning. As far as I’m concerned， "Tao" has two meanings， one is "road". And the other， I think， is related to "Yin and Yang" in Chinese traditional culture， full of philosophy. "

Pan Chutian rolled up his sleeves and showed us his bracelet. This is a gift from his mother before he came to China， engraved with many Tai Chi patterns. "Yin and Yang， good and bad are constantly changing to form a complete round. This is the meaning of ’Tao’ in my eyes and the Chinese culture my mother perceives." said Pan Chutian.

"Tao can be simply read as Duniang’s path of growth. Like Duniang， there are plenty of rural women in China who get better off through their hard work. "In the movie， Pan Chutian tried to explain the growth of Chinese rural women with his own understanding of "Tao" and "Yin & Yang". " ’Yin and Yang’ have been running through this movie，"

interpreted Pan Chutian while playing the movie.

When she first married her husband who lived in Jinyun Mountain， they could barely make ends meet and she had to work as a waitress in big cities. That difficult time was a sign of ’Yin". However， they are an affectionate couple. They support each other to earn money and support their family. Such happiness was a sign of "Yang".

Afterwards， Duniang opened a farmhouse， welcoming visitors and seeing them off every day. Duniang’s tiredness was "Yin". Meanwhile， the couple worked hard to operate the farmhouse， winning praise from guests， which was a sign of "Yang".

After the farmhouse with 40-odd rooms was changed into a homestay， with only 13 rooms left， the surrounding environment got better and better， and Duniang also had more time to enjoy rural life. Pan Chutian believed that from then on， Duniang’s life was full of"Yang".

Whether his explanation makes sense or not， Sun Dehong was grinning from ear to ear watching the short video made about her. Every time asked about why she turned the farmhouse into a homestay， Duniang would recommend the"Tao in the Eyes of Duniang"， saying "all my innermost thoughts and feelings are recorded in this movie."

Pan Chutian’s shooting of "Tao in the Eyes of Duniang" was not a whim.

Five years ago， Pan Chutian was led by his friends to Sun Dehong’s farmhouse for a bowl of tofu pudding. There， he met Duniang and witnessed the growth of Duniang and her Qinghuandu. Pan Chutian’s hometown Rosario is located in the center of Pampas grassland， which is a major soybean producing area. However， Pan Chutian had never seen tofu before coming to China. After living in Chongqing for 8 years， Pan Chutian fell in love with all kinds of bean products， such as jellied bean curd， tofu pudding， Mapo tofu， braised tofu， dried tofu， etc.

"Without tofu， my girlfriend and I could not be together，" said Pan Chutian， who is a keen lover of beef， while his girlfriend is a vegetarian. Fortunately， they have tofu to enjoy together.