“擼”字英譯漫談

王逢鑫

“擼”的第一個(gè)意思是“捋”，即“用手握著條狀物，順著移動(dòng)、撫摩或拉扯”。英語可以譯為：to close ones hand around sth long， and move， stroke， pull or push。例如：

1. 他把桑樹枝上的葉子擼下來，用來喂蠶。

He stripped the mulberry twigs of their leaves by running the palm of his hand along the twigs for the purpose of raising silkworms.

“擼葉子”，就是“采集葉子”。英語可以譯為to collect leaves。例如：

2. 端午節(jié)之前，他到湖邊擼了許多艾葉。

Before the Dragon Boat Festival， he went to the lakeside and collected a lot of mugwort leaves.

“擼起袖子”，英語可以譯為to roll up ones sleeves。例如：

3. 袁隆平擼起袖子，挽起褲腳，赤腳邁進(jìn)稻田。

Rolling up his sleeves and the bottoms of his trousers， Yuan Longping stepped into the rice field bare-footedly.

“擼起袖子加油干”，英語可以譯為 to roll up ones sleeves to work harder。例如：

4. 這個(gè)貧困村的農(nóng)民響應(yīng)習(xí)近平總書記“擼起袖子加油干”的號召，更加努力與貧困斗爭，終于脫貧了。

In response to General Secretary Xi Jinpings call “to roll up our sleeves and work harder”， the farmers in this poverty-stricken village made greater efforts to fight against poverty， and finally lifted themselves from poverty.

隨著寵物經(jīng)濟(jì)的興起，寵物主題咖啡館成為年輕人打卡的網(wǎng)紅店。擼貓成為時(shí)髦的事情。“擼貓”這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)流行詞，英語可以譯為to pet a cat、to stroke a cat。例如：

5. 許多年輕人喜歡光顧這家貓主題咖啡館，他們邊喝咖啡邊擼貓，感到很爽。

Many young people like to visit this cat-themed café， where they can pet a cat while drinking coffee， feeling very good.

烤串因美味好吃，操作簡便，深受人們喜愛。使用扦子將準(zhǔn)備好的食材串在一起，便于燒烤。“扦子”，英語可以譯為skewer。例如：

6. 扦子是木制、竹制或金屬制的尖狀物，在燒烤或涮鍋時(shí)用來固定小塊肉或蔬菜，使其保持形狀。

A skewer is a pin of wood， bamboo or metal for holding small pieces of meat or vegetables to keep them in form while grilling or instant-boiling.

“烤串”作為名詞，指“串在扦子上的小塊肉或蔬菜”。英語可以譯為grill skewer、grilled skewer或skewer。例如：

7. 他常常在周末邀請三五好友到家里，招待他們吃各種各樣的烤串。

At the weekends， he often invites some of his best friends to his home， treating them to various kinds of grilled skewers.

“烤肉串”，英語可以譯為barbecue skewer或meat skewer。“烤羊肉串”，英語可以譯為lamb/mutton skewer或lamb/mutton kebab。“烤蔬菜串”，英語可以譯為vegetables skewer。例如：

8. 我喜歡吃烤肉串。烤羊肉串是我的最愛。但是我不喜歡烤蔬菜串。

I enjoy eating meat skewers. The lamb kebab is my favorite. But I dont care for vegetables skewers.

“烤串”作為動(dòng)詞，指“用烤爐烤串在扦子上的小塊肉或蔬菜”。英語可以譯為to make skewers或to grill skewers。例如：

9. 我媽媽正在耐心地教我如何烤串。

My mother is patiently teaching me how to make/grill skewers.

肉串和蔬菜串也可以用火鍋涮，稱之為“涮串”。英語可以譯為instant-boil skewer。例如：

10. 這家火鍋店以其美味的涮串聞名遐邇。

This chafing dish restaurant is well-known for its delicious instant-boil skewers.

“擼串”實(shí)際上就是“吃烤串”或“吃涮串”，因?yàn)槌詴r(shí)要將做熟的食材從扦子上一個(gè)一個(gè)咬下來，故而人們稱其為“擼串”。英語可以分別譯為to eat grill skewers和to eat instant-boil skewers。例如：

11. 這個(gè)單身族喜歡在寧靜的夜晚到街頭小攤邊喝啤酒邊擼串。

This single man likes to go to a street stall on a quiet night， eating grill skewers while drinking beer.

“擼串”還有一個(gè)意思是“把玩手串兒”。英語可以譯為to enjoy rubbing a string of nuts one by one with ones fingers。例如：

12. 當(dāng)你在這個(gè)公園散步時(shí)，你常常會看到有位老人手持山核桃手串，邊走邊擼串。

When you take a walk in this park， you may often see an old man who holds a string of hickory nuts in his hand and enjoys rubbing them one by one with his fingers while walking.

“擼”在方言中有一個(gè)意思是“用手掌擊”。“擼嘴巴子”，就是“打耳光”。英語可以譯為to slap sb on the face with ones palm。例如：

13. 這個(gè)老人很憤怒，擼了他那不孝順、不聽話的兒子一個(gè)嘴巴子。

With his palm， the old man angrily slapped his unfilial and disobedient son on the face.

“擼”的意思可以引申為“用言語訓(xùn)斥”。由“打”轉(zhuǎn)向“罵”。英語可以譯為to scold、to dress down、to give a dressing down。漢語常說“挨擼”，英語可以譯為to be scolded、to get a scolding、to be given a dressing down、to get a dressing down。例如：

14. 他因粗心大意被老板擼了一頓。

He was given a dressing down by his boss for his carelessness.

“擼”還有“撤銷職務(wù)”的意思。英語可以譯為to remove sb from his/her post、to dismiss sb from his/her post。例如：

15. 他因犯了嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤，黨籍和職務(wù)都給擼了。

He was expelled from the Party and dismissed from his post for a serious mistake.

“一擼到底”的意思是“撤銷全部職務(wù)”。英語可以譯為to remove sb from all his/her posts、to dismiss sb from all his/her posts。例如：

16. 這個(gè)貪官受到嚴(yán)厲懲罰，被一擼到底，還進(jìn)了牢房。

The corrupt official was severely punished， dismissed from all his posts and put into prison.