未成年人流產后關愛服務的效果評價

劉維

[關鍵詞] 未成年人;流產;關愛服務;焦慮評分;抑郁評分

[中圖分類號] R473.71? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] B? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-9701（2021）25-0078-03

Evaluation on the effect of care services for minors after abortion

LIU Wei

Department of Gynecology， Ganzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Jiangxi Province， Ganzhou? ?341000， China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the impact of care services on minors after abortion. Methods Eighty female minors who attended the Gynecological PAC Clinic of Ganzhou Maternity and Child Health Hospital from July 2019 to July 2020 were selected and divided into two groups based on the different care service models they received. The control group （n=40） took regular care services after abortion.The study group （n=40） took targeted care services. The anxiety score， depression score， effective contraceptive rate， repeated abortion rate， contraceptive knowledge mastery scores were compared between the two groups. Results The study group's anxiety score was （44.67±2.10）points，which was lower than（51.32±4.51） points of the control group.The depression score of the study group was（45.60±3.14） points， which was lower than（52.34±4.71） points of the control group （t=8.454， 7.530， P=0.000<0.05）. The knowledge mastery score of contraception in the study group was （5.53±0.84） points， which was higher than the （4.51±0.86） points of the control group （t=5.366， P=0.000<0.05）.The effective contraceptive rate in the study group was 97.50%， which was higher than 80.00% in the control group. The study group's repeated abortion rate was 0， which was lower than 15.00% in the control group （χ2=4.507， 4.505， P=0.034， 0.034<0.05）. Conclusion Providing care services to minors after abortion can effectively alleviate their anxiety and depression， improve their knowledge of contraception and other knowledge， thereby effectively avoiding unintended pregnancy and repeated abortion.

[Key words] Minors; Miscarriage; Care services; Anxiety score; Depression score

隨著社會發展，網絡信息的開放，我國未成年女性意外懷孕、重復流產人次越來越多。據世界衛生組織統計，每年全球人工流產4800萬例，我國就高達1300萬例，高居事件第1位。在北京、上海一些大城市重復流產率高達50%，且患者年齡趨于年輕化。但人工流產尤其是重復流產，存在有一系列的近遠期并發癥和潛在危害，甚至導致部分女性抱憾終生，已然成為我國女性生殖健康的公共衛生問題之一。我國人工流產患者年齡愈趨年輕化、重復流產率每年不斷增加：其中25歲以下婦女占47.5%，45%的女性在6～18個月內重復流產[1]。未成年人心理、生理尚不成熟，人流術后帶來身體及精神創傷，再加上社會輿論帶來的不利影響，其身心通常會受到嚴重損害，人工流產后若給予常規關愛服務通常效果不佳[2-3]。對此，應結合未成年人的特點來制定更有針對性的關愛服務措施，以此提高未成年人在人工流產后的有效避孕率，降低其重復流產率[4-6]。本文選取2019年7月至2020年7月期間在贛州市婦幼保健院婦科PAC門診就診的80例未成年女性，試分析關愛服務對未成年人流產后心理狀態和生活質量產生的影響。