柑橘木虱防控藥劑篩選及礦物油對(duì)其增效作用評(píng)價(jià)

胡雙雙 戴素明 張陽 郭紫晶 鄧子牛 李大志

摘要 為了篩選柑橘木虱高效防控藥劑，提高藥劑防治效果，本文探索了10種殺蟲劑對(duì)柑橘木虱的田間防效及礦物油對(duì)殺蟲劑的增效作用。結(jié)果表明：對(duì)柑橘木虱成蟲，22%噻蟲·高氯氟懸乳劑（SE）、70%吡蟲啉可濕性粉劑（WP）、6%聯(lián)菊·啶蟲脒微乳劑（ME）和5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME的速效性好，藥后1 d防效94.61%～100%;22%噻蟲·高氯氟SE、70%吡蟲啉WP、10%氯噻啉WP和28%阿維·螺蟲酯乳油（EC）的持效性好，藥后7 d防效75.97%～85.54%。對(duì)柑橘木虱若蟲，22%噻蟲·高氯氟SE和5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME的速效性好，藥后1 d 防效94.68%～94.93%;其中22%噻蟲·高氯氟SE速效性和持效性均表現(xiàn)突出，藥后7 d防效達(dá)到100.00%。除22%噻蟲·高氯氟SE外，70%吡蟲啉WP、28%阿維·螺蟲酯乳油也具有較好的持效性，藥后7 d防效85.50%～88.07%。礦物油分別與上述藥劑混配，對(duì)70%吡蟲啉WP和10%氯噻啉WP具有顯著增效作用。綜合考慮，建議田間防治柑橘木虱選用22%噻蟲·高氯氟SE、70%吡蟲啉WP、28%阿維·螺蟲酯EC，使用吡蟲啉時(shí)可與礦物油結(jié)合使用。

關(guān)鍵詞 柑橘木虱; 田間試驗(yàn); 礦物油; 防治效果

中圖分類號(hào)： S436.66

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼： B

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2021018

Abstract In order to screen effective insecticides against citrus psyllid and further improve the control effect of insecticides， field control effect of 10 insecticides against citrus psyllid and the synergistic effect of mineral oil on insecticides were explored. For the control of adult psyllid， thiamethoxam·lambda-cyhalothrin 22% SE， imidacloprid 70% WP， bifenthrin·acetamiprid 6% ME， and lambda-cyhalothrin 5% ME had good quick effect， and the control efficacy was 94.61%-100% one day after application. Thiamethoxam·lambda-cyhalothrin 22% SE， imidacloprid 70% WP， imidaclothiz 10% WP and abamectin·spirotetramat 28% EC had good persistence， and the control efficacy was 75.97%-85.54% seven days after application. For the control of psyllium nymph， thiamethoxam·lambda-cyhalothrin 22% SE and lambda-cyhalothrin 5% ME had good quick effect， and the control efficacy was 94.68%-94.93% one day after application. Thiamethoxam·lambda-cyhalothrin 22% SE had outstanding persistence and quick effect， the control efficacy was 100.00% seven days after application. Except for thiamethoxam·lambda-cyhalothrin 22% SE， imidacloprid 70% WP and abamectin·spirotetramat 28% EC had better persistence performance， and the control efficacy was 85.50%-88.07% seven days after application. When mineral oil was mixed with the above pesticides， the synergism of imidacloprid 70% WP and imidaclothiz 10%WP was significant. Considering comprehensively， it is suggested that thiamethoxam·lambda-cyhalothrin 22% SE， imidacloprid 70% WP and abamectin·spirotetramat 28% EC should be selected for field control of citrus psyllid. Imidacloprid can be used in combination with mineral oil.

Key words Diaphorina citri; field test; mineral oil; control effect

柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri屬半翅目Hemiptera木虱科Psyllidae，是蕓香科Rutaceae植物的重要害蟲[1]，能夠引起新梢萎縮，葉片扭曲畸形，其若蟲的排泄物還可誘發(fā)煤煙病[2]。更為重要的是，柑橘木虱是柑橘黃龍病（Huanglongbing，HLB）的重要蟲媒[3]。柑橘黃龍病是世界性的柑橘病害，有柑橘“癌癥”之稱[4]。目前我國19個(gè)種植柑橘的省、區(qū)已有11個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)黃龍病[5]，嚴(yán)重阻礙了柑橘產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。柑橘木虱傳播黃龍病的效率很高，成蟲和2～5齡若蟲都可以獲取病菌[67]。有研究表明，柑橘木虱取食病株5周后， 若蟲帶菌率可達(dá)60%～100%， 成蟲則達(dá)到40%[8]。……