微笑會傳染

廣東 譙 麗

珍妮特的好朋友埃米對要經過性格古怪的道森先生的家門口感到畏懼，想繞道而行。珍妮特會怎么做呢？看見珍妮特，道森先生又會做出什么舉動呢？

______題材____哲理故事體裁_________記敘文___________文章詞數_________327__________難度_________★★★_________建議用時___5分鐘_____

In a town lived an old man named Mr Dawson. In his garden, there was a big apple tree which bore many attractive fruits every autumn.People in the town all knew that Dawson was a bad-tempered guy,so even kids knew that they could not go into his yard to pick a delicious apple,even on the ground,because old Dawson,they said,would chase you and might harm you.Everyone in the town tried not to talk with him and kept away from him except Janet who always smiled at Mr Dawson every time she walked by his house.

Janet was a 10-year-old girl. People in this town loved this lovely girl because she always wore a smile on her face and greeted everyone she met in the town. She said her grandma once told her that if she pretended everyone was smiling an invisible smile at her and smiled back at them,sooner or later they would really smile,because smiles were contagious.

One Friday, Janet invited her friend Amy to stay all night with her. They looked forward to this wonderful night. They had lots of interesting plans, including listening to their favorite music and playing games together. Both of them were excited about the night. But Amy didn't know that they had to walk by Dawson's house on the way to Janet's house until they got close to Mr Dawson's house. Seeing Dawson sitting on his front porch, Amy was frightened and suggested they should cross over to the other side of the street.Like most of the children, she was scared of the old man because of the stories she'd heard about him.But Janet said,“Don't be worried.Mr Dawson wouldn't hurt anyone.”Still,Amy was growing more nervous with each step closer to the old man's house. When they got close enough,Dawson looked up with his usual frown.

Language Study

Useful sentence patterns

1. Everyone in the town tried not to talk with him and kept away from him except Janet who always smiled at Mr Dawson every time she walked by his house.

分析：every time 引導時間狀語從句，意為“每當；每次”。整個句子意為“鎮上的每一個人都盡量不和他交流并且躲著他，除了珍妮特，她每次經過道森先生家門口都會對他微笑”。相似用法的短語還有each time、the first time、any time、next time 等。

2.Amy was growing more nervous with each step closer to the old man's house.

分析：此句含“with+賓語+賓補”的復合結構。其中，賓補可以是形容詞、副詞、名詞、介詞短語、V-ing、V-ed和不定式。

Reading Check

閱讀上面的文章，根據所給情節進行續寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。注意：

1.所續寫短文的詞數應為150 左右；

2.續寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好。

Paragraph 1:

But when he saw it was Janet,a broad smile changed his entire face.________________

Paragraph 2:

With the delicious apple in her hand, Amy asked Janet,“Why was he so nice to you?”

同樣的，在《鄉愁四韻》中，“長江水”到“醉酒”、“海棠紅”到“沸血”、“雪花白”到“家信”以及“臘梅香”到“母親”的對應也是不同于自然語言的跨越感官的錯亂。詩人思念故土，卻一再深沉呼喚上述事物，同樣是詩人對于鄉愁所作出的另一種隱喻。這一修辭手法的運用拉大了能指與所指間的距離，在意指活動中獲得了藝術的張力。正是這樣的隱喻之張力產生了兩首詩中的詩意之美。

寫作導引

一、語篇研讀

__要素Who原文情境Janet,Amy,Mr Dawson構思理由What Amy was afraid of walking by Dawson's house and wanted to cross over to the other side of the street. But Janet comforted Amy that Mr Dawson wouldn't hurt anyone.When Where續寫情境Janet,Amy,Mr Dawson When they walked by Dawson's house, Dawson warmly chatted with Janet and gave them delicious apples.When asked why Dawson was so nice to her, Janet said every time she met Mr Dawson, she would smile at him as if he had smiled an invisible smile at her. After some more time,Mr Dawson started smiling real smiles_______________________________________________________________________________________________at_her.One Friday On the way to Janet's house Smiles are contagious.Giving a smile takes so little effort and time, but it can bring cheer to ourselves and others.Why One Friday On the way to Janet's house Amy had heard lots of stories about Mr Dawson's bad temper.Janet was a kind and lovely girl.She was taught to be kind to everyone.

二、情節構思

基于原文和續寫段落首句提供的信息，采用圍繞中心提問的方法，構思要續寫的故事情節，這一過程一般分為四步。

第一步，根據已給出的文本判斷文章的立意。

文章給出的部分主要記敘的是小鎮上的人都不喜歡脾氣古怪的道森先生，除了珍妮特。結合文章內容可知，珍妮特是一個可愛、善良的小姑娘。她的祖母教育她微笑是可以互相影響的，所以她一直笑對每一個人，由此可推斷出本文的立意是“微笑的力量”。

第二步，根據續寫第二段所給出的段首句倒推續寫第一段應包括什么內容。

分析續寫第二段的段首句可知，埃米手里拿著蘋果，問珍妮特為什么大家都害怕的道森先生對她這么和善。由此可知，續寫第一段要寫道森先生和珍妮特進行了友好的問候與交談，并給了這兩個小女孩他自己院子里種出來的蘋果這樣的情節，這樣才能確保續寫的兩段是相銜接的。

第三步，圍繞續寫第一段所給出的段首句以及上面的分析進行提問構思：

（1）Seeing Janet,what did Mr Dawson say and do?

（2）What would Janet and Mr Dawson talk about?

（3）After getting the apples given by Mr Dawson,how did the two girls feel?

第四步，圍繞續寫第二段所給出的段首句進行提問構思：

（1）Was Mr Dawson nice to Janet from the very beginning?

（2）Since when has Mr Dawson been kind to Janet and why?