2023年高考英語模擬試題

王貞?胡洋?彭文義

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，滿分50分）

第一節?（共15小題；每小題25分，滿分375分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

Have?you?ever?imaging?the?future?transportation？?Why?getting?from?A?to?B?will?soon?become?a?breeze？Maybe?you?can?get?a?slight?glimpse?into?it?after?getting?access?to?the?following?information．

Flying?vehicle

When?you?hear?the?term?“transport?of?the?future”，?your?mind?will?generally?turn?to?flying?cars.?Excitingly，?theyre?already?on?their?way.?AeroMobil?has?unveiled?the?third?version?of?its?flying?vehicle.?Capable?of?switching?in?seconds?between?car?and?plane，?you?could?wing?your?way?to?your?destination，?free?from?traffic?jams.?On?the?ground，?the?AeroMobil?uses?regular?petrol?and?fits?into?any?standard?parking?space，?and?it?can?reach?200?km/h?in?the?air.?This?would?reduce?the?traffic?in?future?cities，?making?the?street?safer.

Delivery?drones（無人機）

At?the?moment?delivery?companies?spend?huge?sums?of?money?and?use?enormous?amounts?of?fuel?on?delivering?parcels，?but?in?the?city?of?the?future?drones?could?take?on?the?task.?Amazon?and?DHL?are?testing?out?drones.?These?autonomous?flying?vehicles?are?lightweight?and?can?be?preprogrammed?to?reach?their?destination.?What?makes?them?unique?is?that?they?could?deliver?to?hardtoreach?areas?such?as?islands?and?take?a?huge?number?of?vehicles?off?the?roads.?As?they?are?powered?either?by?batteries?or?solar?power，?they?wouldnt?be?a?waste?on?resources?like?delivery?trucks?either．

Driverless?taxis

If?you?still?felt?like?you?want?to?stay?on?the?ground，?however，?driverless?taxis?could?ferry?you?around.?The?Google?driverless?car?has?already?completed?over?1，125，000?km?of?accidentfree?driving?using?GPS?satellites?to?map?routes?and?onboard?cameras?to?search?for?dangers.?These?cars?could?be?used?as?taxis?reserved?by?a?smart?phone?app?and?more?efficiently?than?human?drivers.

21.?What?powers?the?flying?cars？

A.?Battery.

B.?Geslione.

C.?Solar?power．

D.?Electricity．

22.?What?makes?the?delivery?drones?more?outstanding?than?regular?approach？

A.?They?are?capable?of?carrying?huge?parcles.

B.?They?make?up?a?majority?of?the?goods?delivery.

C.?They?are?available?currently.

D.?They?can?get?to?area?without?handy?transportation．

23.?Which?of?the?following?statements?is?the?intention?of?the?writer？

A.?To?introduce?some?advanced?transportation．

B.?To?advertise?the?newest?cars.

C.?To?share?experiences?of?testing?some?future?vehicle.

D.?To?demonstrate?the?technology?of?delivery．

B

Emily?TempleWood?was?12?years?old?the?first?time?she?was?attacked?online.?She?was?being?a?good?digital?citizen，?deleting?the?harmful?language?on?the?Internet.?Howerver，?ugly?comments?were?left?on?her?Wikipedia?and?Facebook?pages?about?her?looks.?“That?would?make?my?mothers?hair?curl，”?says?TempleWood，?now?22?and?in?medical?school.?Her?biggest?crime，?she?believes：?“I?was?a?woman?on?the?Internet.”

Over?the?years，?she?considered?how?she?might?fight?back.Then，?as?a?freshman?in?college，?it?hit?her.?“What?do?misogynists?hate?most？”?she?asked?herself.?“Women?who?are?productive！”?Then?she?got?her?solution.?For?every?insulting?comment?she?received，?TempleWood?posted?a?biography?of?a?female?scientist，?and?thus，?in?2012，?WikiProject?Women?Scientists?was?born.?She?profiled?her?heroes?like?Barbara?McClintock，who?was?awarded?the?1983?Nobel?Prize?in?Physiology?or?Medicine，?and?Caroline?Still?Anderson，?one?of?the?first?African?American?women?to?become?a?physician?in?the?United?States，?in?the?late?1800s.?With?help?from?other?women，?Temple?Wood?has?published?hundreds?of?these?brief?biographies--each?a?thumb?in?the?eye?to?those?who?look?down?on?women—and?women?of?all?ages?have?taken?notice.?“When?I?was?a?kid，?I?could?count?the?number?of?women?scientists?I?was?aware?of?on?one?hand，”?wrote?Siko?Bouterseformerly?of?the?Wikimedia?Foundation.?“But?our?daughters?are?going?to?have?access?to?much?more?knowledge?about?scientists?who?look?like?them，?thanks?to?Emily.”

The?annoying?comments?still?come，?says?TempleWood.?Being?a?strong?woman?online?is?not?easy.?She?says，?“I?tell?people?who?are?being?attracted?that?its?OK?to?be?upset.?But?now?you?need?to?find?a?productive?way?to?take?revenge.”

24.?Why?were?the?netizens?mean?to?TempleWood?in?her?mind？

A.?Because?of?her?passage.

B.?Because?of?her?appearance．

C.?Because?of?her?gender.

D.?Because?of?her?Wikipedia?and?Facebook?pages.

25.?Which?of?the?following?best?explains?“misogynist”undelined?in?paragraph?2？

A.Women-haters.

B.?Risk-takers.

C.?Net-addictors.

D.?Non-learners.

26.?What?happened?after?Temple-Wood?posted?the?stories?of?famous?scientists?on?the?Internet？

A.?Only?fierce?comments?came．

B.?Those?who?overlooked?women?gave?thumbs?up．

C.?Various?women?showed?concerns．

D.?More?scientists?were?known.

27.?How?did?Siko?Bouterseformerly?think?of?WikiProject?Women?Scientists？

A.?It?remained?to?be?seen.

B.?It?was?valuable.

C.?It?was?silly.

D.?It?was?worthwhile?to?try．

C

Million?years?ago，?a?very?different?kind?of?rainforest?was?rich?in?what?is?now?Colombia—various?plants?bathed?in?sunlight?shining?through?large?gaps?in?a?shelter?made?of?towering?trees.?Then?a?giant?planet?hit?and?everything?changed，?causing?a?massive?extinction?event?wiping?out?more?than?75?percent?of?life?on?Earth?and?transformed?the?Amazons?sundotted，openwide?tropical?rainforests?into?todays?dark，?thick，?wet?forests，?researchers?reported?in?the?April?2?Science．

The?team?analyzed?tens?of?thousands?of?fossils?collected?from?39?sites?across?Colombia.?The?scientists?assessed?forest?plant?diversity，?dominant?species?and?insectplant?interactions，and?tracked?how?these?factors?shifted.?Plant?diversity?declined?by?45?percent?in?the?immediate?aftermath?of?the?strike，?the?team?found，?and?it?took?6?million?years?before?the?rich?diversity?of?the?tropical?rainforests?rebounded.?Even?then，?the?forests?were?never?the?same．

“A?single?historical?accident?changed?the?ecological?and?evolutionary?track?of?tropical?rainforests，”?says?Carlos?Jaramillo?at?the?Smithsonian?Tropical?Research?Institute.?“The?forests?that?we?have?today?are?really?the?byproduct?of?what?happened?66?million?years?ago.”

Just?before?the?extinction?event，?the?tropical?forests?were?a?about?50-50?mix?of?angiosperms（被子植物）?and?gymnosperms（裸子植物）.?After?the?accident，?angiosperms?took?over，?making?up?about?90?percent?of?the?plant?species?in?the?forest．

The?reasons?arent?wholly?clear.?66?million?years?ago，?the?regions?climate?was?similar?to?how?it?is?today：?hot?and?humid.?But?other?factors?were?likely?at?work.?Huge?planteating?dinosaurs?would?have?helped?maintain?the?open?gaps，?letting?light?in，?Jaramillo?says.?However，after?the?hit，?those?dinosaurs?were?out?of?the?picture.?Extinction?of?certain?plant?families?from?the?impact?may?also?have?played?a?role．

Another?likely?factor?was?a?shift?in?the?chemical?composition?of?forest?soil.?Ash?falling?to?the?ground?after?the?hit?may?have?fertilized?the?soils，?the?team?suggests.With?more?food?available，?angiosperms?outcompeted?the?gymnosperms．

28.?What?can?be?inferred?from?the?first?paragrah？

A.?Rainforest?is?thrived?several?million?years?ago．

B.?Rainforests?used?to?be?covered?with?tall?trees．

C.?The?planet?hit?destroyed?the?rainforests?completely．

D.?The?report?in?April?2?Science?was?related?to?the?rainforests．

29.?What?did?the?researchers?find?after?analysing?the?fossil？

A.?The?rainforests?recovered?soon?after?the?hit．

B.?The?diversity?of?the?reainforests?remained?as?before．

C.?More?than?half?of?diversity?were?gone．

D.?It?took?a?long?time?for?rainforest?to?recover．

30.?Which?is?not?the?factor?contributing?to?the?current?rainforest？

A.?The?regions?climate.

B.?The?disappearance?of?dinosaurs．

C.?Extinction?of?certain?plant?families.

D.?The?changed?forest?soil．

31.?What?is?the?best?title?for?the?text？

A.?The?diversity?of?Amazon

B.?Amazon?is?rooted?in?planet?impact

C.?New?discovery?of?plants?in?Amazon

D.?The?change?caused?by?dinosaurs?disppearance

D

Two?important?environmental?crises?have?gained?increasing?attention?in?recent?years：?climate?change?and?the?spread?of?plastic?pollution.?However，?they?are?often?treated?as?separate?and?even?competing?concerns.

Now，?a?firstofitskind?study?published?in?Science?of?the?Total?Environment?argues?the?two?problems?are?closely?connected?and?that?they?should?be?treated?in?the?same?way.?“We?should?try?to?settle?these?two?problems?at?the?same?time，?because?they?are?primarily?connected?together，”?according?to?the?lead?author?Helen?Ford．

Plastics?lead?to?the?climate?crisis.?Plastics?are?mainly?made?from?fossil?fuels，?and?they?also?give?off?greenhouse?gases?throughout?their?lifecycle，?from?production?to?transportation?to?treatment.?The?increase?of?plastic?production?alone?is?expected?to?give?off?56?billion?tons?of?CO2?between?2015?and?2050.?As?we?all?know，?CO2?is?one?of?the?main?greenhouse?gases.

The?climate?crisis?spreads?plastic?pollution.?Research?has?shown?plastics?are?already?cycling?through?the?underground?water?and?the?atmosphere?just?like?natural?elements.?The?impacts?of?climate?change?can?further?speed?that?cycling.?Polar?sea?ice，?for?example，?is?an?important?source?for?microplastics?that?will?enter?ocean?ecosystems?when?the?ice?melts.?Extreme?weather?events?related?to?climate?change?can?also?increase?the?amount?of?plastic?in?the?ocean?environment．

Climate?change?and?plastic?pollution?harm?the?ocean?environment.?The?paper?especially?focused?on?how?both?crises?harm?vulnerable?ocean?animals?and?ecosystems.?One?example?are?sea?turtles.?Warmer?temperatures?are?causing?their?eggs?to?become?more?female?than?male，?and?microplastics?may?further?increase?the?temperatures?in?nests.?Furthermore，?turtles?may?be?caught?in?larger?plastics?or?eat?them?by?mistake．

“Our?paper?looks?at?the?interaction?of?plastic?pollution?and?climate?change?within?ocean?ecosystems，”?Ford?says.?“These?two?pressures?are?both?already?causing?real?change?to?our?ocean?ecosystems?globally.?We?need?to?keep?going?to?deal?with?both，?as?both?are?ultimately?destroying?the?health?of?our?planet.”

32.?What?is?the?public?attitude?towards?climate?change?and?plastic?pollution？

A.?These?two?problems?are?irrelevant．

B.?These?two?problems?are?minor?ones．

C.?These?two?problems?should?be?treated?in?the?same?way．

D.?These?two?problems?should?be?rated?equally.

33.?What?can?we?learn?from?Paragraph?3?and?Paragraph?4？

A.?56?billion?tons?of?CO2?may?be?emitted?throughout?plastic?lifecycle?between?2015?and?2050.

B.?Extreme?weather?events?caused?by?climate?change?can?decrease?the?amount?of?plastic?in?the?sea.

C.?Plastics?can?be?transformed?into?natural?elements．

D.?Plastics?and?climate?change?can?mutually?interact.

34.?Why?are?sea?turtles?mentioned?in?Paragraph?5？

A.?To?inform?the?readers?that?the?sea?turtles?may?eat?plastics?by?mistake．

B.?To?emphasize?the?quantities?of?female?and?male?eggs?are?unbalanced．

C.?To?justify?that?climate?change?and?plastic?pollution?damage?the?ocean?environment.

D.?To?illustrate?the?danger?of?warmer?temperatures.

35.?What?can?be?inferred?according?to?Ford？

A.?Their?study?specializes?in?the?damage?to?the?sea?water．

B.?We?should?take?both?plastic?pollution?and?climate?change?seriously.

C.?The?damage?plastic?pollution?has?caused?is?more?severe.

D.?These?two?pressures?are?only?changing?the?ocean?ecosystem?in?Asia.

第二節?（共5小題；每小題25分，滿分125分）

根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

We?find?so?much?joy?in?our?relationship?with?our?pets?that?it?is?normal?to?feel?intense?grief?when?a?pet?dies?and?that?special?bond?is?broken.36?Veterinarian?Dr?Katrina?Warren?shares?her?advice?on?dealing?with?the?loss?of?a?beloved?pet．

Different?stages?of?grief

37??They?can?be?sadness，?anger，?denial，?guilt，?despair?or?pure?sorrow?for?a?long?time.?Our?emotion?is?a?testament?to?how?much?we?love?and?care?for?our?pets.?Hence?its?important?that?you?take?as?much?time?as?you?need?to?process?your?own?personal?range?of?emotions．

38

Pets?are?increasingly?viewed?as?important?family?members，?so?many?people?view?the?loss?of?their?pet?as?comparable?to，?or?even?harder，?than?losing?a?human?friend?or?relative.?For?many?people，?talking?to?a?sympathetic?listener?can?help?them?accept?their?loss.?Seek?help?from?those?who?understand?or?experienced?your?emotions.?39

Consider?a?ceremony

It?can?be?helpful?to?honour?them?and?celebrate?the?wonderful?times?you?spent?together.?40?There?is?no“one?size?fits?all”response?to?death?and?loss.?For?some?of?us，?having?a?larger?ceremony?is?a?way?to?express?how?much?a?pet?is?a?central?part?of?daily?life．

A.?Not?just?a?pet

B.?How?can?we?get?through?it？

C.?Talk?to?a?sympathetic?listener

D.?You?may?experience?a?range?of?feelings．

E.?It?is?also?workable?to?seek?professional?help．

F.?Many?people?choose?to?hold?some?sort?of?celebratory?occasion．

G.?Compiling?a?picture?book?of?favourite?photos?of?your?pet?can?also?be?comforting．

第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節，滿分30分）

第一節?（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

During?20?years?of?working?at?his?familys?supermarket，?Jos?é?Luis-Reig，?known?as?Pep，?never?gave?a?thought?to?the?world?of?academia（學術界）.?It?was?only?when?visiting?the?41?of?universities?with?his?two?daughters?that?he?suddenly?felt?himself?at?home?among?the?atmosphere?of?42?.

After?school?Pep?had?43?to?study?biology?but?had?been?called?on?to?help?run?the?family?business?instead.?When?he?was?at?school，?he?developed?a?reputation?for?helping?others?and?so?was?invited?onto?the?local?44?，?where?the?presenter?said，?“Youre?like?a?young?psychologist.”

Pep?was?no?stranger?to?45?.?The?family?business?had?originally?been?a?sawmill.?But?when?Pep，?then?27，?was?asked?if?he?wanted?to?46?，?he?decided?to?change?the?mill?into?the?towns?first?47?.

One?day?in?the?shop，?the?radio?presenters?48??came?back?to?him.?After?running?the?idea?past?his?family，?he?applied?to?a?university?in?Palma?to?study49?and，?aged?46，?was?50?．

“I?had?to?get?used?to?being?much?older?than?the?other?students，”he?says.“In?fact，?I?was?older?than?my?professor.?But?I?ended?up?51??the?others?because?Id?had?more?life?experience.”?Pep?came?top?of?his?year?and?52??his?tutors?so?much?that?he?was?offered?a?job?researching?and?teaching.?Now?52，?and?still?in?the?job，?he?adds，“My?only?regret?is?not?having?done?it?earlier.”

The?53??view?used?to?be?that，?while?a?bit?of?chopping?and?changing?in?your?54??was?acceptable，?you?should?then?settle?on?a?career?and?stick?to?it.55??today?record?numbers?of?50-and?60-somethings?are?choosing?to?take?on?new?challenges．

41.?A.?classroomsB.?dormitories

C.hallsD.?venues

42.?A.?relaxingB.?learning

C.working?D.?daydreaming

43.?A.?pretendedB.?agreed

C.?intendedD.?afforded

44.?A.?government?B.radio

C.?organization?D.?newspaper

45.?A.?developmentB.?change

C.?innovation?D.?improvement

46.?A.?take?over?B.?take?after

C.?take?down?D.?take?off

47.?A.?supermarket?B.?company

C.?factory?D.?skyscraper

48.?A.?criticism?B.?preference

C.?declarationD.?comment

49.?A.?biologyB.?finance

C.?psychology?D.?geography

50.A.?refused?B.?appointed

C.?acceptedD.?recommended

51.A.?defeatingB.?teasing

C.?lecturingD.?helping

52.A.?confusedB.?impressed

C.?terrifiedD.?appreciate

53.A.?conventional?B.latest

C.?rare?D.?superior

54.A.?childhoodB.?youth

C.?adulthood?D.?adolescence

55.A.?Therefore?B.Particularly

C.?CertainlyD.?But

第二節?（共10小題；每小題15分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。

While?promoting?the?use?of?standard?spoken?and?written?Chinese?in?ethnicminorityinhabited?areas，?China?has?made?certain?that?peoples?rights?to?learn?and?use?languages?of?different?ethnic?groups?56?（protect）.?Besides，?more?efforts?have?been?made?to?protect?such?languages?during?the?past?10?years，?a?senior?ethnic?affairs?official?said．

“Good?environments?are?created?for?people?to?learn?the?languages?of?their?own?ethnic?groups.?For?example，?its?a?common?practice?for?schools?there?to?set?up?classes?for?ethnicminority?57?（language）.?People?can?learn?and?use?their?own?languages?freely，”?Zhao?Yong，?the?senior?official，?said．

Of?Chinas?56?ethnic?groups，?53?have?languages?of?their?own，?while?22?groups?use?a?total58??28?written?languages.?To?better?protect?and?promote?ethnic?languages，?a?special?database?has?been?created?59?（record）?and?study?them.?During?the?past?10?years，?an?increasing?number?of?people?there60?（choose）?to?live?and?work?elsewhere，?while?many?have?visited?other?ethnicminorityinhabited?areas，?Zhao?said.“In?the?process，?people?from?different?ethnic?groups?gain?much?61?（deep）?understanding?about?each?other.?Their?sense?of?being?a?member?of?the?Chinese?nation?has?been?intensified.”

Of?the?125?million?people?from?nonHan?ethnic?groups，?37?million?have?moved?elsewhere.?For?example，62??number?of?migrants?from?nonHan?ethnic?groups?in?Guangzhou，?has?more?than?doubled?compared?with?10?years?ago.?Zhao?added?that?better?services?have?been?provided?to?help?those?migrants?become?better?63?（integrate）?in?society.?Meanwhile，?social?and?63?（economy）?development?in?ethnic?areas?has?been?greatly?promoted?in?the?past?10?years，?as?President?Xi?Jinping?has?stated?that?not?a?single?ethnic?group?should?be?left?behind—65?it?is?in?the?nations?drive?to?eliminate?absolute?poverty?or?to?build?a?moderately?prosperous?society?in?all?respects．

第四部分寫作（共兩節，滿分40分）

第一節?應用文寫作（滿分15分）

假定你是李華，上周你的學校組織了一場關于“ChatGPT能否取代學校教育”的辯論。請你為校報寫一篇報道，內容包括：

1、辯論會舉辦的時間和地點；

2、雙方的基本觀點和內容；

3、活動影響。

注意：

1.?寫作詞數應為80左右；

2.?請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

A?Debate?on?Artificial?Intelligence第二節讀后續寫（滿分25分）

閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。

There?is?no?way?they?just?drove?into?that?water，?thought?Corion?Evans.?The?16yearold?was?hanging?out?with?friends?in?a?parking?area?underneath?a?Moss?Point，?Mississippi，?highway?in?July?when?a?car?with?three?teenage?girls?inside?propelled?off?a?boat?ramp?and?into?the?Pascagoula?River.?It?came?to?rest?some?20?feet?from?land，?then?sank.?The?driver，?Evans?would?learn，?had?blindly?followed?erroneous?directions?from?her?GPS．

It?was?around?2：30?am.?by?the?time?Evans?and?brothers?Karon?and?Caleb?Bradley?got?to?the?rivers?edge.?In?the?darkness，?they?could?barely?make?out?the?girls?clinging?to?the?roof，?the?only?part?of?the?car?still，?barely，?above?water.?But?they?could?hear?screaming.

Evans?ripped?off?his?shirt?and?shoes，?tossed?his?phone?down，?then?dived?into?the?water，?a?river?he?knew?alligators?called?home.?He?helped?the?first?girl?he?saw?and，?keeping?her?head?above?water，?led?her?ashore.

Just?then，?a?man?called?out.?Police?Officer?Garry?Mercer?had?arrived.?He?dived?into?the?river?to?help?another?of?the?girls.?But?halfway?back?to?shore，?she?panicked?and?went?underwater，?pulling?Mercer?down?with?her.?Evans?jumped?back?into?the?water?and?helped?them?until?they?could?stand.

注意：

1.?續寫詞數應為150左右：

2.?請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

There?was?still?one?girl?in?the?water，?Cora?Watson，?19，?could?not?swim..

The?three?girls?and?Officer?Mercer?were?taken?to?the?hospital?and?released?after?recovery.

參考答案與解析

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，滿分50分）

A

21.?本題考查考生根據相關信息進行簡單推理的能力。

本題問飛行汽車的動力，根據文章第二段On?the?ground，?the?AeroMobil?uses?regular?petrol?and?fits?into?any?standard?parking?space，?and?it?can?reach?200?km/h?in?the?air.可知，飛行汽車使用普通汽油，故答案應為B。

22.?本題考查考生根據相關信息進行簡單推理的能力。

本題問無人機最突出的特點，根據第三段What?makes?them?unique?is?that?they?could?deliver?to?hardtoreach?areas?such?as?islands提及最特別的是無人機能到交通不便的地方，故答案應為D。

23.?本題考查考生對文中信息的概括和推斷能力。

本題問作者寫本文章的意圖，根據本文第一段可知，本文主要關注點是將來的高科技交通工具，并在文章正文介紹了三大有特色的交通工具，故答案為A。

B

【短文分析】本文選材于Readers?Digest（FEB，?2017）的The?online?troll?patrol，是一篇記敘文，介紹了Emily?Temple-Wood在網上收到網絡鍵盤手的關于性別的攻擊，故Emily?Temple-Wood為了反擊而不斷地在網上上傳女性科學家的故事，從而推動維基女性科學家網站的成立。

24.?本題考查考生識別和理解具體信息的能力。

本題問在Temple-Wood看來網民如此苛刻的原因，根據第一段Her?biggest?crime，?she?believes，?“I?was?a?woman?on?the?Internet.".可知Temple-Wood相信是因為她在網絡中以女性形象出現而導致網民苛刻，故答案為C，因為她的性別。

25.?本題考查考生對特定語境下詞匯意義的推測能力。

本題問第二段misogynist這個詞指的是什么。根據第一段Her?biggest?crime，?she?believes，?“I?was?a?woman?on?the?Internet."可知此前在網絡攻擊Temple-Wood多為不喜歡女性的人，而在第二段的Over?the?years，?she?considered?how?she?might?fight?back.指出，Temple-Wood一直在考慮如何回擊，故回擊對象即為答案A，憎恨女性的人。

26.?本題考查考生對細節信息的理解及推斷能力。

本題問Temple-Wood在網上發布關于女性科學家的文章后發生了什么，根據文章第二段…-and?women?of?all?ages?have?taken?notice."可知，不同的女性對此關注，故答案為C。

27.?本題考查考生簡單推斷能力。

本題要求考生根據文本對Siko?Bouterseformerly的話，歸納概括她對維基女性科學家計劃的看法。根據第二段.“When?I?was?a?kid，I?could?count?the?number?of?women?scientists?I?was?aware?of?on?one?hand，”和“But?our?daughters?are?going?to?have?access?to?much?more?knowledge?about?scientists?who?look?like?them，?thanks?to?Emily.”可知，在Siko小時候女性科學家并不多，一個手的手指頭就可以算完，而現在有了維基女性科學家計劃，Siko的女兒也能慢慢地學習到更多的女性科學家方面的知識，她認為應該感謝Temple-Wood，即她認為維基女性科學家計劃是有用的，故答案為B。

C

【短文分析】本文選材于www.sciencenews.org，是一篇說明文，講述好幾百萬年以前的亞馬遜熱帶雨林是開闊的，陽光能透進森林的。然而一次行星撞地球讓熱帶雨林的植物生長完全改變，從而變成今天又濕熱又茂密的樣子。

28.?本題考查考生對細節信息的理解及推斷能力。

本題問從第一段能推斷出什么信息。根據文章第一段Million?years?ago，?a?very?different?kind?of?rainforest?was?rich可知幾百萬年以前的熱帶雨林是和現在是完全不一樣的。根據第一段…causing?a?massive?extinction?event?wiping?out?more?than?75?percent?of?life?on?Earth?and?transformed?the?Amazons?sun-dotted，openwide?tropical?rainforests?into?todays?dark，?thick，?wet?forests，?researchers?reported?in?the?April?2?Science.可知行星撞地球后，熱帶雨林的生物結構發生改變，從開闊轉變成茂密，并且Science在4月2日也做過相關報道。故D選項和文章一致。

29.?本題考查考生對細節信息的理解及推斷能力。

本題問科學家在分析化石后得出什么結論，根據文章第二段Plant?diversity?declined?by?45?percent?in?the?immediate?aftermath?of?the?strike，?the?team?found，?and?it?took?6?million?years?before?the?rich?diversity?of?the?tropical?rainforests?rebounded.?Even?then，?the?forests?were?never?the?same.可知行星撞地球后，生物多樣性下降45%，并且過了六百萬年后熱帶雨林才恢復，并且已經和之前不一樣了。故答案為D。

30.?本題考查考生對細節信息的歸納能力。

本題問哪個因素不導致亞馬遜熱帶雨林今天的樣子。根據文章第五段However，after?the?hit，?those?dinosaurs?were?out?of?the?picture.?Extinction?of?certain?plant?families?from?the?impact?may?also?have?played?a?role.和第六段Another?likely?factor?was?a?shift?in?the?chemical?composition?of?forest?soil.可知恐龍的消失，某些植物族譜的滅絕和土壤的改變都導致亞馬遜熱帶雨林今天的樣子。故答案為A。

31.?本題考查考生對信息的歸納概括能力。

本題問文章的題目是什么。文本總體內容是行星撞地球后，亞馬遜熱帶雨林的發生改變。通過對整個語篇的綜合理解，正確選項應為B。

D

【短文分析】本文選材于https：//www.treehugger.com，?是一篇說明文，講述了全球變暖和塑料污染這兩個問題是緊密相連的，需要人類同時正確處理。

32.?本題考查學生對細節信息的理解及推斷能力。

本題問大眾對氣候變化和塑料污染這兩個問題是什么態度。根據第一自然段的However，?they?are?often?treated?as?separate?and?even?competing?concerns.?可知大眾通常覺得這兩個問題是分開且甚至競爭著博人眼球，故A選項與此信息點吻合，大眾認為這兩個問題是不相關的。

33.?本題考查學生對細節信息的理解以及對段落大意的歸納能力

本題問從第三和第四自然段，我們可以知道什么。根據第三自然段和第四自然段的首句“?Plastics?lead?to?the?climate?crisis.”和“The?climate?crisis?spreads?plastic?pollution.”可知這兩段主要是在說氣候變化和塑料污染這兩個問題是互相影響的。故選擇D選項。

34.?本題考查學生對作者意圖做出合理推斷的能力

本題問為什么第五自然段要提到海龜。通過第四自然段第一句中心句?“Climate?change?and?plastic?pollution?harm?the?ocean?environment.”和第二行One?example?are?sea?turtles.?可知這個例子是為了證明氣候變化和塑料污染對海洋環境的影響。故C選項為正確答案。

35.?本題考查學生對細節信息的理解和推斷能力

本題問根據Ford的話能推斷出什么信息。通過最后一個自然段“These?two?pressures?are?both?already?causing?real?change?to?our?ocean?ecosystems?globally.?We?need?to?keep?going?to?deal?with?both，?as?both?are?ultimately?destroying?the?health?of?our?planet.”可知Ford希望我們可以認真對待這兩個問題。故本題B為正確答案。

第二節?（共5小題；每小題25分，滿分125分）

【短文分析】本文選材于Readers?Digest（May，?2020）的Grieving?the?Loss?of?a?Pet。這一篇說明文，話題涉及如何撫平寵物的去世后帶來的傷痛。文章中提出了三個方法減輕傷痛：一是多花時間處理傷心；二是多與有相同經歷的人交流；三則是舉辦相關的追悼會。本節考查考生對語篇邏輯的把握能力，以及根據銜接標記與詞語的語義關系理解語篇的能力，測試內容包括識別主旨表述，識別主題句和邏輯關聯表達。短文結構緊湊，內容有條理，語言平實，銜接自然流暢，考生可以依據語義和篇章線索理解文本并復位空缺片段。

36.本題考查考生理解段內銜接關系的能力。

本題前面的句子說明了寵物去世必將帶來傷痛。而本題后面的內容則引出寵物專家Dr?Katrina?Warren關于減輕傷痛的建議。通過對整個語篇的綜合理解，正確選項應為選項B：我們該如何渡過傷痛呢？

37.本題考查考生理解篇章段內句間銜接關系的能力。

本題位于寵物專家Dr?Katrina?Warren關于減輕傷痛的建議第一點：不同階段的悲痛，且在段首，一般為概括性較強的主題句。而后面的句子則指出這可以是傷心，憤怒，否定，內疚，絕望及傷心，故通過對整個語篇的綜合理解，正確選項應為D：你會經歷一系列的感受。

38.本題考查考生理解篇章段內句間銜接關系的能力。

本題位于小標題的位置，且后面沒有標點附號，故應該是選項A或者C。另本題是三大建議之二，統領下文內容，即尋求他人幫助。通過對整個語篇的綜合理解，正確選項應為C：與有同情心的人交流。

39.本題考查考生理解篇章段內句間銜接關系的能力。

本題在段尾，前面談及尋求幫助，故根據一致性的原則和通過對上下文的綜合理解，正確選項應為E：尋求專業幫助也是可行的。

40.本題考查考生理解篇章段內句間銜接關系的能力。

本題位于段中的位置，且是本文最后一個建議：舉辦相關的追悼會。本題前面談及紀念或者慶祝你們共同渡過的美好時光是很有用的，而下文則涉及舉辦一個大型一點的慶祝會。通過對上下文信息的綜合理解，正確選項應為F：許多人舉辦一些慶祝會。

第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節，滿分30分）

【短文分析】本文選材于Readers?Digest，?是一篇記敘文，講述的是年過半百的Pep回到校園，重新學習，并獲得了自己喜歡的工作的故事。

41.?A.?通過上文的academia和下文的universities，聯系故事主題，確定選擇classrooms。

42.?B.?通過上下文可知，Pep在和兩個女兒逛大學校園時重新感受到了學習的氛圍。

43.?C.?通過上下文可知，Pep原本打算是去學生物的，但是被叫回去管理家族產業。

44.?B.?根據下文第四段可知，這里是radio。

45.?B.?根據上下文，可知Pep家里本來是個鋸木廠，后來他決定建鎮上第一個超市，從這件事情可知，他不怕變化。

46.?A.?take?over?接管；take?after?長得像；?take?down?記下；?take?off?脫下；起飛，?這里可知是Pep要接管家族生意。

47.?A.?根據第一段可知，這里應該是超市。

48.?D.?根據上文可知，是那個presenter對他的評論在他腦海里縈繞。

49.?C.?根據上下文，因為想到那個presenter的評論，說他像一個心理學家，所以他就決定要去學心理學。

50.?C.?根據上下文可知，他是被大學錄取了。

51.?D.?根據上下文，他因為生活經歷豐富，所以幫助其他人。

52.?B.?根據下文他獲得了一份教研的工作可知他讓他的導師印象深刻。

53.?A.?根據上下文，傳統的觀點是，年輕的時候在職業道路上兜兜轉轉是可以接受的。

54.?B.?根據上下文，這里應該指的是年輕的時候。

55.?D.?根據上下文可知，年輕的時候在職業道路上有變化是可以接受的，但后面都會穩定職業并一直做下去，這個是傳統的觀點；但是現在五六十歲的人也開始選擇去尋求新的挑戰了，就是指像Pep這樣，雖然年級比較大了，但是還是愿意去嘗試新的適合自己的工作。

第二節?（共10小題；每小題15分，滿分15分）

【短文分析】本文選材于china.org.cn，?是一篇說明文，講述少數民族語言文字是中國文字史的重要組成部分，中國為保護民族語言文字的多樣性做出了不懈的努力。

56.?are?protected考查謂語動詞的被動語態，這里缺謂語，從句的主語是peoples?rights...學習和運用不同民族的語言的權利被保護。

57.?languages考查名詞變復數。

58.?of?考查介詞固定搭配?a?total?of?總共。

59.?to?record?考查非謂語to?do表目的，譯為：一個特別的數據庫已經被創造來記錄和研究它們。

60.have?chosen?考查謂語時態，?本句時間狀語為during?the?past?10?years，?而且while后面的時態也是現在完成時，所以這里也需要用現在完成時。

61.?deeper考查形容詞的比較級，前面much是形容詞比較級標志，表示程度。

62.?the?考查冠詞the?number?of?表示……的數量，謂語動詞要用單數，通過后面的動詞has?doubled可以得出，這里應該填the。

63.?integrated考查非謂語做表語，become是個系動詞，后面接形容詞，故填integrated，意為融合的。

64.?economic考查名詞變形容詞，and前后并列的是social和economic這兩個形容詞。

65.?whether考查連詞whether?…or…不論……還是……

第四部分寫作（共兩節，滿分40分）

A?Debate?on?Artificial?Intelligence

Last?Sunday?witnessed?a?heated?debate?in?our?school?hall，?whose?theme?was?“Can?ChatGPT?replace?our?school?education？”

Over?600?students?took?part?in?the?event?actively.?Some?strongly?believed?that?it?was?a?trend?for?artificial?intelligence?to?take?the?place?of?current?education，?which?would?make?it?easier?for?students?to?manage?time?and?adjust?learning?plans，?while?others?considered?it?impossible?for?ChatGPT?to?replace?school?education.?The?reason?for?this?was?that?ChatGPT?could?not?give?emotional?support?to?different?students.

The?activity?was?highly?thought?of，?because?not?only?did?it?provide?a?chance?for?us?to?think?about?our?relationship?with?AI?in?the?future，?but?it?was?also?of?great?benefit?to?the?participants，?both?in?public?speaking?and?critical?thinking.

第二節讀后續寫（滿分25分）

【范文】

There?was?still?one?girl?in?the?water，?Cora?Watson，?19，?could?not?swim.?She?was?gulping?water，?struggling?to?stay?afloat.?“Help！?Help！”，?a?scared?voice?gradually?faded?away?in?the?darkness，?which?indicated?that?Watson?was?slowly?losing?herself.?Fortunately，?it?was?when?everyone?thought?the?girls?last?breath?was?coming?that?Evans?grabbed?the?sinking?girl?by?her?right?arm.?However，it?seemed?that?the?girl?had?lost?consciousness.?Knowing?there?was?no?time?to?waste，?Evans?exerted?himself?to?drag?Watson?ashore.?Relieved，?he?made?it?finally.

The?three?girls?and?Officer?Mercer?were?taken?to?the?hospital?and?released?after?recovery.?The?first?thing?they?did?was?to?pay?a?visit?to?the?hero?who?had?saved?their?lives.?At?the?sight?of?Evans，?the?girls?kept?expressing?their?gratitude?with?tears?welling?up?their?eyes，?“Thank?you?for?risking?your?life?to?save?us.?But?for?you，?we?would?be?dead?now.”?Hearing?this，?Evans?told?them?that?he?felt?blessed?to?have?an?opportunity?to?do?something?good.?Later，?the?story?went?viral?via?social?media.?Not?only?did?Evans?save?several?vivid?lives，?but?also?his?act?of?kindness?and?bravery?stirred?the?people?to?follow?suit.

責任編輯吳昊雷