林曉萍, 謝柳畑, 蘇小珊, 吳煒景
脂多糖通過Nrf2信號通路誘導人氣道上皮細胞MUC5AC表達*
林曉萍△, 謝柳畑▲, 蘇小珊, 吳煒景
(福建醫科大學附屬第二醫院呼吸與危重癥醫學科,福建 泉州 362000)
探討核因子E2相關因子2(Nrf2)信號通路在脂多糖(LPS)上調氣道黏蛋白5AC(MUC5AC)表達中的作用。LPS干預體外培養的人氣道上皮細胞系A549細胞,以誘導MUC5AC表達。分別轉染小干擾RNA(siRNA)和過表達質粒(pcDNA3-Myc3-),敲減或過表達A549細胞中的,再加入10 mg/L LPS干預24 h,RT-qPCR和Western blot法分別檢測細胞MUC5AC、Kelch樣環氧氯丙烷相關蛋白1(Keap1)、Nrf2及其下游抗氧化因子[NAD(P)H:醌氧化還原酶1(NQO1)、谷氨酸-半胱氨酸連接酶催化亞基(GCLC)、谷胱甘肽-轉移酶pi(GST-pi)和血紅素加氧酶1(HO-1)]的mRNA及蛋白表達情況。(1)LPS上調A549細胞黏蛋白MUC5AC表達(<0.01),上調Nrf2及其下游抗氧化因子NQO1、GCLC及GST-pi表達,下調HO-1表達(<0.05)。(2)與陰性對照組相比,轉染siRNA能有效抑制A549細胞Nrf2 的表達;敲減的A549細胞經LPS干預后,MUC5AC的表達顯著增加(<0.05)。(3)與對照組相比,轉染過表達質粒pcDNA3-Myc3-明顯增加A549細胞Nrf2的表達;增強Nrf2表達后,LPS誘導的MUC5AC表達被抑制(<0.05)。Nrf2信號通路參與調控LPS誘導的氣道上皮細胞MUC5AC表達。
脂多糖;核因子E2相關因子2;黏蛋白5AC;氣道上皮細胞
氣道黏液是機體固有免疫的重要組成部分,不僅可濕潤氣道,還可捕獲入侵氣道的有害物質和微生物,通過纖毛轉運系統清除,發揮氣道屏障和保護作用[1-2]。但在吸煙、感染和氧化應激等致病因素作用下,氣道黏膜下腺體增生肥大、杯狀細胞增生/化生,黏蛋白基因表達上調,導致黏液分泌增多。過多的黏液積聚在氣道中,引起并加重氣流阻塞,加速肺功能下降進程;同時損壞纖毛清除功能,導致細菌定植,氣道反復感染、阻塞和重塑,形成惡性循環。氣道黏液高分泌是哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)、支氣管擴張和囊性纖維化(cystic fibrosis, CF)等慢性氣道炎癥性疾病重要的病理生理特征,也是其加重、死亡的危險因素,在疾病發生發展中發揮關鍵作用,目前仍缺乏有效的治療手段[1-8]。因此,如何有效控制氣道黏液高分泌是臨床工作中面臨的重要挑戰,闡明氣道黏液分泌的調控機制,有助于開發新型抗氣道黏液高分泌藥物。
黏蛋白種類繁多,其中黏蛋白5AC(mucin 5AC, MUC5AC)是氣道黏蛋白的主要成分。既往研究表明脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide, LPS)、香煙煙霧、表皮生長因子(epithelial growth factor, EGF)和腫瘤壞死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)等多種因子均可誘導氣道MUC5AC的表達[1-5]。LPS是革蘭陰性細菌細胞壁外壁的組成成分,是上調MUC5AC表達的強誘導劑[9-12]。革蘭陰性菌是慢性氣道炎癥性疾病的常見致病菌,研究其菌壁致病原LPS誘導黏蛋白MUC5AC高表達具有重要臨床意義,將可能為降低慢性氣道炎癥性疾病的急性加重風險和死亡率、縮短住院日、降低住院費提供新的治療策略。本實驗室既往研究發現活性氧簇(reactive oxygen species, ROS)及雙氧化酶1(dual oxidase1, Duox1)參與調控LPS誘導氣道上皮細胞MUC5AC表達[13-14]。另有研究發現,LPS通過蛋白激酶C/煙酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸/ROS通路上調人膽道上皮細胞MUC5AC表達[15]。以上研究提示氧化應激在LPS誘導黏蛋白MUC5AC高表達中發揮重要作用。
核因子E2相關因子2(nuclear factor E2-related factor 2, Nrf2)是細胞抗氧化應激反應最重要的調節因子之一。在氧化應激作用下,Nrf2與其負性調控蛋白——Kelch樣環氧氯丙烷相關蛋白1(Kelch-like ECH-associated protein l, Keap1)解偶聯,進入細胞核,識別并結合抗氧化反應元件(antioxidant response element, ARE),啟動下游抗氧化酶基因,如NAD(P)H:醌氧化還原酶1[NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1,]、谷氨酸-半胱氨酸連接酶催化亞基(glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit,)、谷胱甘肽-轉移酶pi(glutathione-transferase-pi,)和血紅素加氧酶1(heme oxygenase-1,)等轉錄,發揮清除自由基、抑制氧化應激和細胞凋亡、減輕炎癥反應、調節自噬、抑制細胞焦亡等作用[16-17]。已有大量研究證實Nrf2信號通路介導肺保護作用,在支氣管哮喘、COPD、肺纖維化、急性肺損傷、急性呼吸窘迫綜合征和肺部腫瘤等疾病中發揮保護作用[18-19]。在敗血癥敲除小鼠模型中,LPS干預后小鼠肺部炎癥加重、大量與固有免疫反應相關的前炎癥因子產生,感染性休克的死亡率明顯升高;而激活Nrf2依賴的抗氧化基因表達,可減輕膿毒癥引起的肺組織炎癥反應,降低死亡率[20];甲磺酸鹽通過Nrf2通路減輕LPS引起的急性肺損傷[21];人參環氧炔醇通過Nrf2/HO-1信號通路減輕LPS誘導的小鼠急性肺損傷[22]。上述研究表明Nrf2信號通路能有效抑制LPS誘導的肺部炎癥,但對于該通路是否參與調控LPS誘導氣道黏蛋白MUC5AC表達尚未有報道。
本研究以氣道上皮細胞A549為研究對象,探討Nrf2信號通路在LPS上調氣道黏蛋白MUC5AC表達中的作用,為開發新型抑制氣道黏液高分泌藥物提供理論依據。
氣道上皮細胞系A549購自中國科學院典型培養物保藏委員會細胞庫。
F12K培養液和無支原體胎牛血清(fetal bovine serum, FBS)購自Gibco;LPS購自Sigma;Lipofectamine 2000轉染試劑和Trizol試劑購自Invitrogen;小干擾RNA(small interfering RNA, siRNA)和陰性對照(negative control, NC)siRNA購自Invitrogen;過表達質粒pcDNA3-Myc3-來源于Addgene網站;質粒大抽試劑盒購自QIAGEN;mRNA逆轉錄試劑盒和SYBR?Premix Ex TaqTM購自Promega;BCATMProtein Assay購自Thermo;抗MUC5AC抗體、抗Nrf2抗體和抗Keap1抗體購自Abcam;抗NQO1抗體購自Cell Signaling Technology;抗GST-pi抗體購自VECTOR;抗HO-1抗體購自Assay Designs;抗GCLC抗體購自ABNOVA;其他實驗試劑均為進口分裝或國產分析純。所用引物由上海生工生物工程技術服務有限公司根據設計合成,序列見表1。

表1 RT-qPCR引物序列
3.1細胞培養將A549細胞加入含10%胎牛血清、1×105/L青霉素和100 mg/L的F12K細胞培養液中,在37 ℃、5% CO2培養箱中孵育。細胞生長至80%~90%時進行傳代,取對數生長期的細胞進行實驗。
3.2A549細胞轉染siRNA嚴格按照Lipofectamine 2000轉染試劑盒說明書的步驟。轉染前1 d,將處于對數生長期的A549細胞以2×108/L的密度均勻接種于6孔板中,待細胞長至60%~70%融合時進行轉染。使用無血清無抗生素的培養液將Lipofectamine 2000轉染試劑和siRNA稀釋并混合,室溫下靜置20 min后加入到6孔板中繼續培養,6 h后更換新鮮培養液進行常規培養。轉染24 h后換用無FBS的F12K培養基培養過夜,轉染48 h后加入LPS(10 mg/L)干預。實驗分為4組:NC-siRNA組、-siRNA組、LPS+NC-siRNA組和LPS+-siRNA組。
3.3A549細胞轉染過表達質粒按照QIAGEN大抽試劑盒說明書擴增pcDNA3-Myc3-過表達質粒和空載體質粒。根據Lipofectamine 2000試劑盒說明書轉染質粒(NC-pcDNA3)。轉染前1 d,將處于對數生長期的A549細胞以2×108/L的密度均勻接種于12孔板中,待細胞達到90%~95%融合度時進行轉染。使用無血清無抗生素的培養液將Lipofectamine 2000轉染試劑和質粒混合,室溫下靜置20 min后加入到12孔板中繼續培養,6 h后更換新鮮培養液進行常規培養。轉染24 h后換用無FBS的F12K培養基培養過夜,轉染48 h后加入LPS(10 mg/L)干預。實驗分為4組:NC-pcDNA3組、pcDNA3-Myc3-組、LPS+NC-pcDNA3和LPS+pcDNA3-Myc3-組。
3.4RT-qPCR實驗將各組A549細胞用Trizol裂解,提取細胞總RNA,分光光度法測定計算提取的總RNA含量及濃度。按照Reverse Transcriptase Kit說明書合成cDNA,再用SYBR?Premix Ex TaqTM進行檢測。以GAPDH為內參照,采用2-ΔΔCt法計算目的基因的相對表達水平。
3.5Western blot實驗檢測蛋白表達RIPA裂解液充分裂解各組A549細胞,提取細胞總蛋白,BCA法檢測蛋白濃度后,取等量蛋白進行SDS-PAGE。依次經過電泳、轉膜、封閉,4 ℃孵育Ⅰ抗(除MUC5AC抗體以1∶200稀釋外,其余Ⅰ抗均以1∶1 000稀釋)過夜,TBST振蕩洗滌后,室溫孵育Ⅱ抗2 h,TBST振蕩洗滌后,加入ECL發光液,ChemiDoc XRS+凝膠成像系統(Bio-Rad)曝光顯影,使用Quantity One 1-D 4.62軟件測量顯影條帶的吸光度,進行半定量分析。
用SPSS 21.0統計軟件進行分析,GraphPad Prism 5.0軟件進行作圖。計量數據均采用均數±標準差(mean±SD)表示,多組間比較采用單因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA),組間兩兩比較采用最小顯著性差異(LSD)法。以<0.05為差異有統計學意義。
使用不同濃度(5、10和15 mg/L)LPS干預A549細胞不同時間(6、12和24 h),結果發現各個濃度及干預時間均可上調MUC5AC表達(<0.05或<0.01),以10 mg/L LPS干預24 h最為顯著(<0.01),見圖1。

Figure 1. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced MUC5AC expression in A549 cells. A: MUC5AC mRNA expression was induced by LPS at different concentrations; B: MUC5AC mRNA expression was induced by LPS (10 mg/L) in a time-dependent manner; C: LPS (10 mg/L) induced MUC5AC protein expression. Mean±SD. n=3. **P<0.01 vs 0 mg/L LPS group; #P<0.05 vs 0 h; △△P<0.01 vs control group.
RT-qPCR和Western blot結果顯示,10 mg/L LPS干預A549細胞后Nrf2的mRNA及蛋白表達明顯增多(<0.01),Keap1的mRNA及蛋白表達減少(<0.01),見圖2A。抗氧化因子NQO1、GCLC和GST-pi的mRNA及蛋白表達均增多,但HO-1的表達減少,見圖2B。以上結果表明,LPS可能通過Nrf2信號通路上調A549細胞MUC5AC表達。

Figure 2. Effects of LPS on Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and downstream antioxidant factors in A549 cells. RT-qPCR (A and C) and Western blot (B and D) were used to detect the level of Keap1/Nrf2 (A and B) and downstream antioxidant factors NQO1, GCLC, GST-pi and HO-1 (C and D). Mean±SD. n=3. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs control group.
RT-qPCR和Western blot結果顯示,與轉染陰性對照siRNA的A549細胞相比,轉染siRNA的A549細胞Nrf2的mRNA和蛋白表達均顯著減少(<0.05),見圖3A。這說明siRNA成功轉入細胞,且能顯著降低A549細胞的表達。

Figure 3. Knockdown of Nrf2 augmented LPS-induced MUC5AC production in A549 cells. A: the mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2 was decreased after Nrf2 siRNA transfection in A549 cells; B: RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of Keap1, Nrf2 and MUC5AC; C: Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of Keap1, Nrf2 and MUC5AC. Mean±SD. n=3. *P<0.05 vs NC-siRNA group; #P<0.05 vs LPS+NC-siRNA group.
與對照組相比,敲減的A549細胞經LPS作用,Keap1和MUC5AC表達上調(<0.05),見圖3B、C;下游抗氧化因子NQO1、GCLC和HO-1的mRNA及蛋白表達均明顯被抑制,GST-pi的表達增強(<0.05),見圖4。這表明Nrf2信號通路參與調控LPS誘導的氣道上皮細胞MUC5AC表達。

Figure 4. Effect of Nrf2 knockdown on the expression of downstream antioxidant genes in response to LPS treatment. A: RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of NQO1, GCLC, GST-pi and HO-1;B: Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of NQO1, GCLC, GST-pi and HO-1. Mean±SD. n=3. #P<0.05 vs LPS+NC-siRNA group.
與轉染陰性對照質粒的A549細胞相比,轉染pcDNA3-Myc3-的A549細胞中Nrf2的mRNA和蛋白表達均顯著增強(<0.05),見圖5。這說明pcDNA3-Myc3-成功轉入細胞,且能顯著增強A549細胞Nrf2的表達。

Figure 5. Overexpression of Nrf2 suppressed LPS-induced MUC5AC production in A549 cells. After transfection with pcDNA3-Myc3-Nrf2, the mRNA (A) and protein (B) expression of Nrf2, Keap1 and MUC5AC were detected. Mean±SD. n=3. *P<0.05 NC-pcDNA3 group; #P<0.05 vs LPS+NC-pcDNA3 group.
與陰性對照質粒組相比,pcDNA3-Myc3-轉染明顯抑制LPS對A549細胞MUC5AC mRNA及蛋白表達的上調作用(<0.05),見圖5。但pcDNA3-Myc3-轉染對LPS干預后A549細胞Nrf2下游抗氧化因子表達的影響無統計學意義,見圖6。

Figure 6. Effect of Nrf2 overexpression on the expression of downstream antioxidant genes in response to LPS treatment. A: RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of NQO1, GCLC, GST-pi and HO-1; B: Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of NQO1, GCLC, GST-pi and HO-1. Mean±SD. n=3.
氣道黏液高分泌是COPD、支氣管哮喘和急性肺損傷等呼吸系統常見疾病重要的病理生理改變和臨床表現,大量研究顯示炎癥反應、氧化應激、蛋白酶失衡和膽堿能神經功能紊亂等病理生理過程參與其中[1-6]。研究發現氧化應激在誘導黏蛋白MUC5AC高表達中發揮重要作用。不可分型流感嗜血桿菌誘導氣道上皮細胞產生ROS,通過煙酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶/ROS/基質金屬蛋白酶9通路誘導NCI-H292細胞產生MUC5AC[23];LPS通過蛋白激酶C/煙酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸/ROS通路上調人膽道上皮細胞MUC5AC表達[15];ROS還參與調控LPS誘導氣道上皮細胞A549黏蛋白MUC5AC表達[13-14]。
Nrf2是細胞抗氧化應激反應的調節中樞,在抗炎、抗氧化應激、抗細胞凋亡和免疫調節等發揮重要作用[16-19]。近期研究發現Nrf2信號通路也參與調控氣道黏液高分泌。有研究顯示Nrf2通過抑制ROS產生和增加蛋白酶抑制劑來調控中性粒細胞彈性蛋白酶誘導的人氣道上皮細胞MUC5AC表達[24]。本實驗室[25]和Kojima等[26]的研究顯示Nrf2信號通路參與調控香煙煙霧誘導氣道黏蛋白MUC5AC表達。我們研究發現姜黃素通過Nrf2信號通路發揮調控氣道黏蛋白MUC5AC表達的作用[27]。韓國學者發現薩潘草通過上調Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1通路抑制變應性鼻炎小鼠模型和鼻上皮細胞炎癥及黏液分泌[28]。但對于Nrf2信號通路在LPS誘導氣道黏蛋白MUC5AC表達中的作用機制還未見報道。本實驗第一部分研究結果顯示LPS增加A549細胞MUC5AC表達,同時可調控Nrf2及其下游抗氧化因子NQO1、GCLC、GST-pi和HO-1的表達,所以我們推斷Nrf2信號通路參與調控LPS誘導MUC5AC表達。
為進一步闡述Nrf2信號通路參與調控LPS誘導氣道上皮細胞黏蛋白MUC5AC表達,本研究不僅采用經典的siRNA轉染技術敲減,檢測對MUC5AC、Nrf2及其下游抗氧化因子表達的影響。同時創新性地使用過表達質粒pcDNA3-Myc-增強氣道上皮細胞Nrf2表達,從兩方面證實Nrf2信號通路在LPS誘導氣道上皮細胞黏蛋白MUC5AC表達中的作用。研究結果顯示,與陰性對照組相比,敲減顯著增強LPS上調MUC5AC 表達的效應,而過表達明顯抑制LPS誘導MUC5AC表達。而且,敲減抑制LPS上調抗氧化基因和表達。
以上結果表明Nrf2信號通路參與LPS上調氣道上皮細胞MUC5AC表達,闡明了脂多糖引起氣道黏液高分泌的分子機制,為開發新型抑制氣道黏液高分泌藥物提供新的靶點。
[1] Ridley C, Thornton DJ. Mucins: the frontline defence of the lung[J]. Biochem Soc Trans, 2018, 46(5):1099-1106.
[2] Ma J, Rubin BK, Voynow JA. Mucins, mucus, and goblet cells[J]. Chest, 2018, 154(1):169-176.
[3] Fahy JV, Dickey BF. Airway?mucus?function and dysfunction[J]. N Engl J Med, 2010, 363(23):2233-2247.
[4] Hill DB, Button B, Rubinstein M, et al. Physiology and pathophysiology of human airway mucus[J]. Physiol Rev, 2022, 102(4):1757-1836.
[5] Li J, Ye Z. The potential role and regulatory mechanisms of MUC5AC in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[J]. Molecules, 2020, 25(19):4437.
[6] Okuda K, Shaffer KM, Ehre C. Mucins and CFTR: their close relationship[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2022, 23(18):10232.
[7] Dickey BF, Lai Y, Frick M, et al. Discovery of a drug to treat airway mucus hypersecretion[J]. Clin Transl Med, 2022, 12(8):e972.
[8] Li X, Jin F, Lee HJ, et al. Recent advances in the development of novel drug candidates for regulating the secretion of pulmonary mucus[J]. Biomol Ther (Seoul), 2020, 28(4):293-301.
[9] Dohrman A, Miyata S, Gallup M, et al. Mucin gene (and) upregulation by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1998, 1406(3):251-259.
[10] Lau GW, Hassett DJ, Britigan BE. Modulation of lung epithelial functions by[J]. Trends Microbiol, 2005, 13(8):389-397.
[11] Yanagihara K, Seki M, Cheng PW. Lipopolysaccharide induces mucus cell metaplasia in mouse lung[J]. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 2001, 24(1):66-73.
[12] Hoffman CL, Lalsiamthara J, Aballay A. Host mucin is exploited byto provide monosaccharides required for a successful infection[J]. mBio, 2020, 11(2):e00060-20.
[13] Li W, Yan FG, Zhou HB, et al.lipopolysaccharide-induced MUC5AC and CLCA3 expression is partly through Duox1and[J]. PLoS One, 2013, 8(5):e63945.
[14] Yan FG, Li W, Jono H, et al. Reactive oxygen species regulate Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide-induced MUC5AC mucin expression via PKC-NADPH oxidase-ROS-TGF-α signaling pathways in human airway epithelial cells[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2008, 366(2):513-519.
[15] Li M, Tian Y, Wu SD, et al. LPS stimulates MUC5AC expression in human biliary epithelial cells: whether there exists a possible pathway of PKC/NADPH/ROS?[J]. Mol Cell Biochem, 2014, 385(1/2):87-93.
[16] Bellezza I, Giambanco I, Minelli A, et al. Nrf2-Keap1?signaling?in oxidative and reductive stress[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res, 2018, 1865(5):721-733.
[17] Ulasov AV, Rosenkranz AA, Georgiev GP, et al. Nrf2/Keap1/ARE?signaling: towards specific regulation[J]. Life Sci, 2022, 291:120111.
[18] Lu MC, Ji JA, Jiang ZY, et al. The Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway as a potential preventive and therapeutic target: an update[J]. Med Res Rev, 2016, 36(5):924-963.
[19] 林曉萍, 李雯, 沈華浩. 抗氧化應激轉錄因子-Nrf2的研究進展[J]. 中國病理生理雜志, 2011, 27(6):1234-1239.
Lin XP, Li W, Shen HH. Progress on antioxidant transcription factor-Nrf2[J]. Chin J Pathophysiol, 2011, 27(6):1234-1239.
[20] Thimmulappa RK, Lee H, Rangasamy T, et al. Nrf2 is a critical regulator of the innate immune response and survival during experimental sepsis[J]. J Clin Invest, 2006, 116(4):984-995.
[21] Hou L, Zhang JY, Liu YJ, et al. MitoQ alleviates LPS-mediated acute lung injury through regulating Nrf2/Drp1 pathway[J]. Free Radic Biol Med, 2021, 165:219-228.
[22] Li JC, Lu KM, Sun FL, et al. Panaxydol attenuates ferroptosis against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice by Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 pathway[J]. J Transl Med, 2021, 19(1):96.
[23] 陽帆, 周麗麗, 曹艷華, 等. 不可分型流感嗜血桿菌誘導NCI-H292細胞產生MUC5AC的分子機制[J]. 中國病理生理雜志, 2015, 31(9):1642-1646.
Yang F, Zhou LL, Cao Y, et al. Molecular mechanism of nontypeablestimulated MUC5AC production in NCI-H292 cells[J]. Chin J Pathophysiol, 2015, 31(9):1642-1646.
[24] Li Q, Lei RX, Zhou XD, et al. Regulation of PMA-induced MUC5AC expression by heparin in human bronchial epithelial cells[J]. Mol Cell Biochem, 2012, 360(1/2):383-391.
[25] Ying YH, Lin XP, Zhou HB, et al. Nuclear erythroid 2 p45-related factor-2?Nrf2?ameliorates cigarette smoking-induced mucus overproduction in airway epithelium and mouse lungs[J]. Microbes Infect, 2014, 16(10):855-863.
[26] Kojima T, Dogru M, Higuchi A, et al. The effect ofknockout on ocular surface protection from acute tobacco smoke exposure: evidence fromknockout mice[J]. Am J Pathol, 2015, 185(3):776-785.
[27] Lin XP, Xue C, Zhang JM, et al. Curcumin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced mucin 5AC hypersecretion and airway inflammation via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2[J]. Chin Med J (Engl), 2018, 131(14):1686-1693.
[28] Pyun BJ, Jo K, Lee JY, et al.Linn. ameliorates allergic nasal inflammation by upregulating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in an allergic rhinitis mouse model and nasal epithelial cells[J]. Antioxidants (Basel), 2022, 11(11):2256.
Lipopolysaccharide induces expression of MUC5AC in human airway epithelial cellsNrf2 signaling pathway
LIN Xiaoping△, XIE Liutian▲, SU Xiaoshan, WU Weijing
(,,,362000,)
To investigate the role of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in lipolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) expression in human airway epithelial cells (A549 cells).The A549 cells were stimulated with LPS to induce MUC5AC expression. Furthermore, the A549 cells were transfected withsiRNA, pcDNA3-Myc3-or negative control for 24 h, and then were harvested for Nrf2 mRNA and protein assay to estimate the knockdown and overexpression effects. After transfection, the cells were stimulated with LPS, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of MUC5AC, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), Nrf2 and downstream antioxidant factors, such as NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), glutathione-transferase-pi (GST-pi) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot.(1) After stimulation with LPS for 24 h, the mRNA and protein expression levels of MUC5AC, Nrf2 and downstream antioxidant factors, such as NQO1, GCLC and GST-pi, in A549 cells were all increased significantly (<0.01). However, the mRNA and protein expression of HO-1 was down-regulated (<0.05). (2) After transfection withsiRNA, theexpression in A549 cells was knocked down, and the MUC5AC expression induced by LPS was significantly augmented (<0.05). (3) On the other hand, after transfection with pcDNA3-Myc3-, the Nrf2 expression of A549 cells were up-regulated, and the MUC5AC expression induced by LPS was suppressed (<0.05).This study suggested that Nrf2 signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of LPS-induced MUC5AC expression in human airway epithelial cells.
lipopolysaccharide; nuclear factor E2-related factor 2; mucin 5AC; airway epithelial cells
1000-4718(2023)07-1273-09
2023-03-02
2023-06-03
15060614026; E-mail: shoppinglin2022@163.com
R363.2; R562.1
A
10.3969/j.issn.1000-4718.2023.07.014
[基金項目]福建省自然科學基金資助項目(No. 2019J01169);泉州市科技計劃項目(No. 2022NS087)
▲共同第一作者:并列第一作者
(責任編輯:宋延君,李淑媛)