長航公安：守護一江碧水浩蕩東流

文/朱航

打開地圖，坐標長江中下游，“九曲回腸”之地見荊州。483 千米長江黃金水道橫貫全境，占湖北省長江干線近一半。

長江航運公安局荊州分局忠實履行維護水域安定、保障人民安寧的使命任務，為長江大保護和服務保障長江經濟帶高質量發展作出了重要貢獻。

守護“一江碧水”

“快看！江豬子！”2022 年11 月13 日，長江石首段發現30 頭長江江豚身影，現場畫面中，江豚在清澈的江水里時而跳躍，時而翻滾，十分活潑。

曾幾何時，這是荊州人站在江邊時常會看到的場面。但在過去快速、粗放的經濟發展模式下，長江荊州水域環境臟亂，長江生物完整性指數已經到了最差的“無魚”等級。2000 年以來，長江水域采砂活動越來越普遍。在暴利的驅使下，大量盜采船舶使得整個河床坑坑洼洼，長江水質渾濁，生態嚴重受損，水域水質混濁，魚類大幅減產。實現禁捕禁采，讓長江休養生息，迫在眉睫！2020 年1 月1 日，長江流域重點水域正式進入“十年禁漁期”。2021 年3 月1 日，我國首部流域保護法——《中華人民共和國長江保護法》正式施行。

長江大保護戰略是扭轉長江生態環境惡化趨勢的關鍵之舉，自戰略實施開展以來，長江航運公安局荊州分局立足轄區實際，充分發揮公安機關職能作用，嚴厲打擊涉江違法犯罪行為。

2019 年6 月，長江航運公安局荊州分局民警在“清江行動”中發現一條船裝載3200 余噸來源不明的江砂，可能源于非法盜采。辦案民警輾轉上海、江蘇、安徽、湖北、湖南、重慶等地開展全方位偵查，逐步查清一條非法“采、運、銷”的地下產業鏈。此案共抓獲涉案人員66 人，打擊處理犯罪嫌疑人30 名，核查涉案船舶25 艘，涉案江砂高達10 萬余噸，涉案金額1000 余萬元。

打擊非法捕魚

2020 年12 月，長江航運公安局荊州分局獲悉線索，長江荊州水域存在一個“捕、運、銷、餐”全鏈條非法捕撈團伙。經過細心組織，周密實施，最終偵破“張某平等人非法捕撈水產品案”，一舉摧毀該犯罪團伙，抓獲犯罪嫌疑人14人，行政處罰餐館17 家，搗毀非法收購、運輸江魚場所2 處，查扣作案快艇1 艘、漁罐車2 臺、漁獲物1 萬余斤，涉案金額82 萬余元。在持續保持對涉江突出犯罪的高壓嚴打態勢下，“長江禁漁”行動和打擊非法采砂專項行動取得積極成效。

銷毀非法捕撈工具

保護長江水生態系統良性發展，除了依法打擊，還要對受損的長江流域生態進行修復補償。2018 年6 月，湖北天鵝洲白鱀豚國家級自然保護區內，8 名男子用電捕魚設備實施非法捕魚，還用手機拍下揀魚視頻上傳至微信朋友圈，引發了極其惡劣的社會影響。偵破此案后，在長江航運公安局荊州分局調解下，犯罪嫌疑人主動自行購買了30 萬尾白鰱魚和34 萬尾鳙魚，費用共計19200 元，申請作為生態補償。在公安局、檢察院、法院、保護區等工作人員的監督下，犯罪行為人采取人工投放魚苗的方式進行了增殖放流。

據統計，2018 年以來，長江航運公安局荊州分局嚴厲打擊非法采砂、非法捕撈等破壞長江生態環境犯罪339 件344人。5 年來，長江荊州水域內非采案件下降98%，電魚、毒魚、炸魚等非法捕魚案件基本清零。

長江上浪花再次翻涌，“水中大熊貓”——可愛的江豚回來了！

人工投放魚苗

筑牢“安全屏障”

2019 年，長江航運公安局荊州分局針對接處警工作的難點痛點，立足長江大保護國家戰略，合作研發出“長江大保護（荊州）110”手機APP，使得報警更智能，舉報更便捷，求助更及時，出行更安全。該APP 推出以來，共收到各類情報線索1000 余條，破獲一批涉漁、涉砂、假證、詐騙等案件，幫助數名群眾找到失蹤家屬，實時發布長江警務動態，逐漸成為警民聯合打擊犯罪、保護群眾自身利益、信息交流互通的重要平臺。

“游客請注意，請遠離江邊，謹防溺水！”2021 年暑期，荊州寶塔灣公園內游客的上空，幾架無人機緩緩飛過，并伴隨著陣陣提醒聲。同時，沿江6 個江灘點位的無人機畫面同步實時傳輸到指揮中心，整個長江沿岸50 多公里的車流、人流情況盡收眼底。

2020 年，長江航運公安局荊州分局首次啟用警用無人機，由24 名無人機專業駕駛員組成警務航空隊，在“水上指揮平臺”和“移動指揮中心”統一指揮調度下，在沿江一線的6 個點位起降，實現晝夜不間斷巡航，共計飛行356 架次，航時5000 余分鐘。“2020 年以來，我們‘水上指揮平臺’和‘移動指揮中心’共下達調度指令300 余次，實現對溺水救助、突發事件處理、案件偵查取證的扁平可視指揮調度，確保長江荊州水域‘江、陸、空’安保全域覆蓋。”長江航運公安局荊州分局警務航空隊隊長胡維介紹說。

2021 年4 月，公安部在武漢召開了公安機關服務保障長江經濟帶高質量發展工作推進會，組織長江上、中、下游省（市）公安機關與長航公安機關分別簽訂了區域警務合作協議，在長江上、中、下游分別建立協作圈，以長江干線作為牽引，形成“一線帶三圈”的工作格局，最大限度發揮合成作戰效能。兩年來，長江航運公安局荊州分局在長江全線率先與地方公安機關簽訂警務合作協議聯合偵破湖北省首起船舶保險詐騙案，分別與公安、江陵、石首縣局聯合偵辦非法采砂、非法捕撈案件40 多起，全面構建起水岸一體的長江警務新格局。

打造“平安長江”

“動作快點，加快速度……”2022 年9 月，江陵藍星島水域。一場水上救援比武正在如火如荼地進行。“快，有人溺水！抓緊時間！”只見民警在江灘設置的120 米賽道上聞令而動，一人肩扛水上救生機器人健步如飛，到達岸邊后，迅速啟動水上救生機器人并平穩拋入江中，另一人使用遙控器熟練操控機器人靈動飛馳，閃電般沖向救援對象，拖載100 米外的溺水人員安全返回至岸邊，成功完成救援……

據了解，長江航運公安局荊州分局出臺了“警”防溺水十項措施，制定了“十有”安全防護目標，配齊水上救援機器人、救生飛盤、伸縮桿等新型水上救援裝備，定期開展訓練比武，常態化開展防溺水知識進港口、進碼頭、進船舶、進企業、進校園宣傳季活動。2018 年以來，開展防溺水宣教活動400 余場次，救援溺水群眾70 余人，勸離在長江游泳、江灘嬉水群眾3000 余人，防溺水宣傳受眾40 萬余人次。

依托長江大保護戰略，荊江“人水和諧共生”的理念逐一落實，一江碧水，波瀾不驚，浩蕩東流……

（作者單位：長江航運公安局荊州分局）

（責任編輯：張敏嬌）

On a map,the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River twist and turn. In one of the turns sits Jingzhou city.The river's ＂golden waterway＂,483 kilometers long,runs through the city area,accounting for nearly half of the Yangtze River's total length within Hubei Province,where Jingzhou is situated.

The Jingzhou Branch of the Yangtze River Shipping Public Security Bureau (hereafter as the Jingzhou Branch) has been diligently upholding the environmental sustainability of water resources and ensuring the safety and well-being of residents in the surrounding areas.Additionally,the bureau has made significant contributions to the protection strategy of the Yangtze River and high-quality development along the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

A River Pure and Abundant

＂Look! River dolphins!＂ On November 13,2022,a group of 30 Yangtze finless porpoises was spotted in the Shishou section of the Yangtze River.Witnesses saw the porpoises leaping high into the air and gracefully twirling in the clear river water,displaying remarkable vitality.

Long ago,this was a common sight for locals as they walked along the river.However,due to the rapid and rude economic development model of the past,the Jingzhou section of the Yangtze River became polluted,and the environmental situation deteriorated.The biological integrity index of the Yangtze River even reached the lowest possible level -there weren't even any fish.Since 2000,large-scale sand mining activities in the Yangtze River has become increasingly prevalent.Driven by substantial profits,a significant number of sand mining ships operated illegally,causing extensive damage to the riverbed and resulting in numerous potholes.The water quality of the Yangtze River worsened and the entire water area became contaminated,with turbidity becoming a serious problem.The nearby ecology suffered significant damage,leading to a sharp decline in fish numbers.It became evident that fishing and sand mining needed to be prohibited to allow the river's ecosystem to recover.On January 1,2020,key areas of the Yangtze River Basin officially came under a ＂ten-year fishing ban＂.On March 1,2021,China implemented its first river basin protection law,the Yangtze River Protection Law.

The comprehensive protection strategy for the Yangtze River is pivotal in reversing the decline of its ecological environment.Since its implementation,the Jingzhou Branch of the Yangtze River Shipping Public Security Bureau has taken a practical approach tailored to the particular conditions within its jurisdiction.They have effectively utilized the functions of law enforcement agencies to rigorously combat illegal and criminal activities that impact the environment along the Yangtze River.

In June 2019,during the bureau's ＂River Cleaning Operation＂,officers from the Jingzhou Branch encountered a ship loaded with over 3,200 tons of sand of unclear origin.There was something very suspicious.The officers immediately launched an investigation,going to great lengths to visit multiple municipalities provinces for evidence,including Shanghai,Jiangsu,Anhui,Hubei,Hunan,and Chongqing.Ultimately,they unveiled an underground industrial network involved in illegal mining,transportation,and sale of river sand.A total of 66 individuals were arrested,30 of whom were prosecuted and penalized as criminal suspects.Additionally,25 ships connected to the case were placed under police investigation.The total volume of river sand involved in the case exceeded 100,000 tons,with a monetary value exceeding 10 million yuan.

In December 2020,the Jingzhou Branch received information about an illegal fishing operation along the Jingzhou section of the Yangtze River.Through careful organization and comprehensive efforts,they successfully built a case against a suspect surnamed Zhang and others for illegal fishing.The criminal gang was swiftly dismantled,resulting in the arrest of 14 suspects,while 17 restaurants faced administrative penalties,and two locations used for the illegal sale and transportation of river fish were cleared.Furthermore,one speedboat and two fishing tankers were confiscated,with officers seizing over half a ton of aquatic products worth more than 820,000 yuan.Thanks to the continuous and rigorous crackdown on significant river-related crimes,campaigns such as the Yangtze River Fishing Ban and other special initiatives targeting illegal sand mining have yielded positive results.

To safeguard the healthy development of the Yangtze River water ecosystem,it is essential not only to crack down on illegal activities along the river but also to restore and rehabilitate the damaged ecosystem.In June 2018,in the National Dolphin Reservation on Swan Island,Hubei Province,eight individuals illegally fished using electric fishing equipment.They even recorded their activities on their mobile phones and shared the footage on messaging app WeChat,resulting in a highly negative social impact.When the case was resolved,with the mediation of the Jingzhou Branch,the suspects agreed to purchase 300,000 silver carp and 340,000 bighead carp at their own expense,totaling 19,200 yuan.These funds were allocated to support efforts in ecological restoration.Under the supervision of the Public Security Bureau,the Procuratorate,the court,and the Reservation staff,the offenders were directed to replenish the lost population through artificial hatching and release methods.

According to statistics,since 2018,the Jingzhou Branch has taken measures against a total of 339 criminal cases involving 344 individuals who were charged with illegal fishing and sand mining,actions that have had detrimental effects on the environment of the Yangtze River.Over the past five years,incidents of illegal fishing and sand mining in the Jingzhou section of the Yangtze River have decreased by an impressive 98%,and illegal fishing methods involving the use of poisons,explosives,or electric shocks to catch large quantities of fish have basically been eradicated.

On the Yangtze River,the adorable finless porpoises are splashing again! They are indeed ＂Giant Pandas of the River＂.

A Safety Barrier

In 2019,in response to the need for an improved police response mechanism and to align with the national protection strategy for the Yangtze River,the Jingzhou Branch introduced the Yangtze River (Jingzhou) 110 Protection mobile app.This innovative platform incorporates AI elements into emergency reporting,making it more convenient for the public to report suspicious activities,request police assistance,and ensure their safe travel.

Since its introduction,police have received over 1,000 tip-offs through the app.This has led to the resolution of numerous cases related to illegal fishing,sand mining,and identity and telecommunications fraud.The app has also helped to locate missing persons and disseminate real-time updates from the Yangtze River police.It has evolved into an essential platform for collaboration between the police and citizens to combat illegal activities,protect the interests of the public,and facilitate information exchange.

＂Attention,tourists! Kindly keep your distance from the river to prevent the risk of drowning!＂ During the summer of 2021,multiple drones broadcast this warning while hovering over the crowds at Baotawan park in Jingzhou.Concurrently,the drones captured images from six observation points along the river and transmitted them in real-time to a command center.This provided a comprehensive view of vehicle traffic and human activity for 50 kilometers along the Yangtze River.

In 2020,the Jingzhou Branch introduced police service drones for the first time,establishing a police aviation unit made up of 24 professional drone pilots.These drones,operating under unified command from the River Command Platform and the Mobile Command Center,provide uninterrupted surveillance day and night.To date,they have completed a total of 356 flights,amounting to over 5,000 minutes of flight time.＂Since 2020,leveraging this real-time visual platform,our Water Command Platform and Mobile Command Center have responded to more than 300 dispatch calls,contributing to drowning rescues,emergency incidents managment,case investigations,and evidence collection.This enables us to fulfill our commitment to ensuring a safe environment along the entire Yangtze River area,including its land,water,and air,＂ stated Hu Wei,captain of the police aviation team at the Bureau.

In April 2021,the Ministry of Public Security convened a promotional conference in Wuhan,Hubei Province,aimed at enhancing the role of public security agencies in ensuring high-quality development along the Yangtze River Economic Belt.During the conference,a regional police cooperation agreement was formalized between the Yangtze River Shipping Public Security Bureau and various public security agencies at the municipal and provincial levels along the Yangtze River.The primary objective of this agreement was to establish three cooperation circles,one in each of the upper,middle,and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,with the river itself serving as the central axis.This framework created what has been commonly referred to as a ＂one line with three circles＂ working model,designed to maximize the efficiency of collaborative operations.Over the past two years,based on the terms of this agreement,the officers of the Jingzhou Branch of the Yangtze River Shipping Public Security Bureau successfully uncovered Hubei Province's first ship insurance fraud case.Additionally,working with other police agencies,they jointly investigated 40 criminal cases of illegal fishing and sand mining.This collaborative approach established a new and comprehensive Yangtze River policing strategy that integrates services both along the river and on land.

A Secure Yangtze River

In September 2022,shouts of ＂Move quickly,speed up!＂resounded across the waters of Lanxing island in Jianglin county,where a water rescue competition was in full swing.Upon hearing the urgent order ＂Hurry,someone is drowning! Hurry up for the rescue!＂competitors from various police forces sprang into action on the 120-meter track set up by the river.They sprinted while carrying a life-saving robot on their shoulders.Once onto the shore,they swiftly activated the robot and launched it into the river.Another team member skillfully operated the robot using a remote control,guiding it toward the person in distress 100 meters out in the water.The rescue operation drill was a success.

The Jingzhou Branch claims to have implemented 10 police policies aimed at preventing drowning,and established 10 safety protection objectives.The police in the area have been equipped with new water rescue equipment,including water rescue robots,life-saving frisbees,and telescopic poles.They regularly organize training competitions and engage in outreach activities at ports,docks,ships,companies,and campuses to promote awareness and knowledge about drowning prevention.Since 2018,they have carried out over 400 anti-drowning initiatives,rescuing more than 70 individuals from drowning incidents.Furthermore,they have successfully persuaded more than 3,000 individuals to refrain from swimming and playing in the Yangtze River.The antidrowning campaign has had a positive impact on more than 400,000 people.

Thanks to the comprehensive protection strategy for the Yangtze River,humanity coexist amazingly with the river in the Jingzhou section.Today,the mighty Yangtze flows eastward,vigorously and calmly.

(By the Jingzhou Branch of the Yangtze River Shipping Public Security Bureau)