賓語從句簡化“六法”

【方法一】 當主句謂語動詞是hope， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise 等，后接賓語從句，且從句主語與主句主語一致時，從句可簡化為不定式結構。如：

Su Feng hopes he will be back very soon.

→ Su Feng hopes to be back very soon. 蘇鋒希望能很快回來。

We decided that we would help him.

→ We decided to help him. 我們決定幫助他。

【方法二】當主句謂語動詞是know， learn， remember， forget， tell 等動詞時，且從句主語與主句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”的結構。如：

She has forgotten how she can open the window.

→ She has forgotten how to open the window. 她已經忘記怎樣打開那扇窗戶了。

當主句謂語動詞是tell， ask， show， teach 等動詞時，且后帶雙賓語，間接賓語和從句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”的結構。如：

Could you tell me how I can get to the station？

→ Could you tell me how to get to the station？ 你能告訴我到車站的路嗎？

但是，如果間接賓語與從句主語不一致，一般不要把賓語從句簡化，否則會產生歧義。如：

He didn’t tell me where he would go.

→ He didn’t tell me where to go.

簡化的句子含義可能有以下兩種：“他沒有告訴我他要去什么地方”或“他沒有告訴我我要去什么地方”。

【方法三】當主句謂語動詞是order（命令），require（需要）等時，如果從句主語和主句主語不一樣，賓語從句可簡化為“名詞（代詞）+不定式”的結構。如：

The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.

→ The headmaster ordered us to start at once. 校長命令我們立即出發。

【方法四】在某些動詞后的賓語從句，可以用介詞加動名詞（短語）等其他形式簡化。如：

He insisted that he should go with us.

→ He insisted on going with us. 他堅決認為應該和我們一起去。

The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born.

→ The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.

這個可憐的孩子不知道他出生于何時何地。

【方法五】某些動詞后的賓語從句可轉化為“賓語 + v. ?ing形式（作賓語補足語）”。如：

Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.

→ Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground. 劉萍發現地上有個錢包。

【方法六】一些動詞后的賓語從句用不定式（短語）來簡化，句型需要進行適當的變化。如：

It seemed that the boys were going to win.

→ The boys seemed to win. 男孩子們看起來要獲勝了。

除上述方法外，還有一些特殊句式的轉化。如：

I found that it was difficult to learn English well.

→ I found it difficult to learn English well. 我發現學好英語很困難。

Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow.

→ Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow. 我們很快就發現地面被厚厚的雪覆蓋了。

They found that the box was very heavy.

→ They found the box very heavy. 他們發現箱子很重。

【鞏固提高】根據上句完成下句，使兩句意思基本相同或相近。

1. I’ll take back what I said.

I’ll take back .

2. The teacher found that the boy was very interested in science.

The teacher found the boy science.

3. I really don’t know what I should read.

I really don’t know .

4. Could you tell me how I can get to the bookshop？

Could you tell me to the bookshop？

5. I forget I have closed the window.

I forget the window.

6. We hope that we shall see you soon.

We hope you soon.

參考答案：1. my words 2. very interested in 3. what to read

4. how to get 5. closing 6. to see

（作者單位：山東省東明縣陸圈鎮第一初級中學）