信息技術(shù)與初中英語教學(xué)進(jìn)行整合的有效形式主要有如下三種:
1、平臺(tái)式:這種形式是以多媒體演示平臺(tái)為主媒介質(zhì),網(wǎng)絡(luò)為次媒介質(zhì),將初中英語的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)、情景生活、信息反饋融入多媒體課件等信息載體,并結(jié)合優(yōu)質(zhì)的教案、學(xué)案和教法、學(xué)法而進(jìn)行的課堂教學(xué)形式。
2、網(wǎng)絡(luò)式:是以網(wǎng)絡(luò)為主媒介質(zhì),以多媒體演示平臺(tái)為次媒介質(zhì)進(jìn)行的課堂教學(xué)形式。
3、資源式:是以網(wǎng)絡(luò)為媒介質(zhì),將初中英語的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)、情景生活、信息反饋、在線評(píng)價(jià)體系融入網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源信息庫等信息載體。
這三種形式具有相對(duì)獨(dú)立性,同時(shí)又是相輔相成、相互補(bǔ)充、相互滲透、相互促進(jìn)的關(guān)系。要充分發(fā)揮三者各自的作用,并注重相互間的整合,才能有效地促成信息技術(shù)對(duì)初中英語教學(xué)的輔助作用。
在理論研究的指導(dǎo)下,我們著重對(duì)三種有效整合形式進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn),努力使其達(dá)到科學(xué)、和諧、統(tǒng)一、高效。
平臺(tái)式:這里最常見的整合形式。下面以JEFC Book 1Alesson49的課堂教學(xué)實(shí)例來說明。
StepⅠ Revision(3分鐘)
上課伊始,先由兩個(gè)學(xué)生表演對(duì)話。在對(duì)話中,他們運(yùn)用上節(jié)課所學(xué)的內(nèi)容,并在理解的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新。接著,屏幕上出現(xiàn)對(duì)話中的句型:
Make sentences,using the expressions in the dialogue.
What's this/that?What colour is it?
What are these/those?What colour are they?
T:Can't we make sentences with the expressions we've learned in the dialogue?
學(xué)生根據(jù)大屏幕上的提示,在教師的引導(dǎo)下積極思考,迅速組詞造句,在實(shí)踐中學(xué)習(xí)和掌握語言技能。
StepⅡPresentation(2分鐘)
教師通過快速切換圖片,創(chuàng)設(shè)近乎真實(shí)的情景,從而引出該課詞語和部分課文內(nèi)容。
kite→a red kite
flower→a yellow flower
blue→a blue car
cat→a black cat
bird→a white bird
apple→a green apple
What's this/that in English?What colour is it?
T:Look!This is a picture.It's very good.Do you like it?But what colour is it?Do you know?
S:Yes.
T:What...
...
StepⅢ Reading(27分鐘)
1)Reading for vocabulary
Look at the pictures,ask and answer in pairs,then colour them quickly and fill in the blanks with the right words.
在運(yùn)用這些詞語時(shí),教師稍加引導(dǎo),他們便能區(qū)分:an orange,an orange orange,an orange is orange等詞(組)的用法。
2)Video watching
(T:Do you want to know something more about colours?Let's watch the videl to know more about it.)
在觀看電影錄像之前,教師向?qū)W生提出三個(gè)問題,讓學(xué)生帶著問題進(jìn)入情景。
①What colour the two carw?
②Where is the red car?
③What colour are the hills?
3)Practise
Task1.Show some pictures.Discuss the following questions in pairs with colours.
①What colour is the sky?
②What colour are the birds?
③Are the two birds colorful?
④Is the old man'hair grey?
⑤What colour are the ballons?
⑥How many colours?
⑦Do you like colours?
此時(shí),學(xué)生的思維被激活,他們?cè)谛〗M討論中踴躍表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)。
教師待學(xué)生初步理解并掌握關(guān)于顏色單詞后,再組織全班進(jìn)行梳理應(yīng)用。例如:
Task2.Talk about the colours you see.
What?What colour?What do you think? Where?
Task3.Take notes.
學(xué)生回答出各種自己喜愛的顏色后,發(fā)現(xiàn)一些新詞匯,教師在大屏幕上逐一閃現(xiàn)出其中的關(guān)鍵詞,并繼續(xù)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生深入討論,并將學(xué)生回答的要點(diǎn)顯示出來。如下表所示:
(這里僅列舉筆者針對(duì)不同層次的學(xué)生所設(shè)計(jì)的部分問題。)
①What colour is the grape?
②What are the colours of flowers?
③What colour is your sweater?
Task4.Reading.
①Is Lucy's sweater nice?
②How many clolurs are there?
③Can you count?What are they?
④Whatcolour is your sweater?
⑤What colour are your parents'sweaters?
⑥D(zhuǎn)o you like one like that?
⑦What colour is your teacher's sweater?How do you know that?
然后,教師提出一個(gè)發(fā)散性問題以引發(fā)學(xué)生更深層次的思考:Since colours are so bueatiful,if you were artists,how would you like to do with colurs?
這個(gè)問題立刻得到學(xué)生的回應(yīng)。他們提了一些大膽、有趣的想法。教師應(yīng)對(duì)學(xué)生的回答給予充分的肯定和鼓勵(lì)。
StepⅣ.Consolidation(7分鐘)
在此步驟中,教師可以設(shè)計(jì)兩種類型的理解檢測(cè)題:一類是針對(duì)會(huì)話中“似是而非”或深層次問題的理解;另一類是針對(duì)某些具體詞語的設(shè)置的問題。
引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對(duì)文中深層次的理解有時(shí)需要教師對(duì)信息層次、人物關(guān)系、故事情節(jié)、作者或人物思想情感等方面提出引導(dǎo)性的問題,幫助學(xué)生完全對(duì)信息群的歸類,加深學(xué)生對(duì)知識(shí)的理解,提高其分析問題的能力。
Step Ⅴ.Discussion(6分鐘)
檢測(cè)后,教師可以提出三個(gè)問題供學(xué)生討論:
①Do you know any famous artists?
②Can you draw a picture with colours?
③Do you like your picture?Why?
課例中,教師依托信息平臺(tái),把處理后的教學(xué)素材所涉及到的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)、情景生活、信息反饋等,對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行了導(dǎo)向和傳授,達(dá)到了提高課堂教學(xué)效果的目的。
網(wǎng)絡(luò)式:這種整合形式難度較大,以Make our world more beautiful課例說明之:
StepⅠ.Presentation(3分鐘)
教師了解學(xué)生課前預(yù)習(xí)狀況,為英語語言情景和教學(xué)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)入做好鋪墊。
1.Show the flash,review the words.
2.Aims.
T:Now boys and girls,I'd like to show you some pictures.Please watch carefully,describe them and tell us how you feel.
師生進(jìn)入網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)。
StepⅡ.practice(38分鐘)
風(fēng)上,學(xué)生獨(dú)立翻閱老師課前制作的多媒體課件學(xué)習(xí)(課件略)??焖匍喿x課文內(nèi)容,(到網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源庫查找生詞),反復(fù)閱讀,深入理解文章內(nèi)容。很快有的學(xué)生利用新詞匯在網(wǎng)上寫出句子。
S1:This is a park.In the morning,there are all kinds of flowers.Birds are singing.Some people are having sports.
S2:In forests,there are a lot of different trees,beautiful and tall.Monkeys are jumping up and down,birds are singing.They are enjoying themselves.
S3:I think in our city,the water is clean and blue,There are colourful clouds in the sky.There are many coconut trees and many boats.Some people are swimming in the sea.How I wish I could live here!
S4:That's a wonderful and quite evening.In the sky there are many bright stars.The moon is round,like a plate shining brightly.The air is clean and tidy.
S5:Every people would like to protect our environments.
學(xué)生認(rèn)真閱讀,紛紛模仿造句,相互交流提意見。
發(fā)現(xiàn)并明確本課的知識(shí)點(diǎn):①詞性轉(zhuǎn)換:harm→harmful,collect→collection,product→production等;②常用短語:cut down,it's...to do sth,If...sb/sth.will do sth.
有的學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)Rubbish,litter,waste近義詞難以理解,開始在網(wǎng)上翻閱查找;有的認(rèn)識(shí)到If...條件句型比較難理解,又與同學(xué)進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)交流,逐步歸納其中的規(guī)律。
①If it is fine tomorrow,we will go to the park.
②If you throw litter onto the ground,our classroom will be dirty.
③If we keep it clean,our school will be more and more beautiful.
④ If...
學(xué)生得到感悟,積極用其他動(dòng)詞短語(如等)組句。有的學(xué)生還把從資料庫里搜集來的各種圖片呈現(xiàn)出來,有的把自己的認(rèn)識(shí)表達(dá)出來。
S1:I feel very sad for our environment..
S2:The pollution has made us sick.
S3:It is not good for our gealth.
S4:The river is dirty.We can't swim in it.
S5:The factory is pouring waste water into the river every day.We can't drink clean water.
S6:People throw rubbish everywhere.The streets in our city are not clenan.
S7:...
StepⅢ.Appraisements(4分鐘)
I think I...
師生談自己本次在網(wǎng)上所學(xué)知識(shí),并相互進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。
資源式:這是一種形式上最簡(jiǎn)單但操作難度最大的整合形式,實(shí)驗(yàn)中,我們課題組將任務(wù)型教學(xué)和研究性學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來,組織學(xué)生在網(wǎng)上進(jìn)行自主構(gòu)建嘗試。如學(xué)習(xí)\"What's your favourite sport?\"和\"Shopping\",教師將F(What's yout favourite sport?)-w(What do you want?)-E(What do people eat?)-L(What do people like?)表交給學(xué)生,讓學(xué)生根據(jù)表中的內(nèi)容要求,到網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源庫查詢,通過感知、體驗(yàn)、實(shí)踐、參與和合作等方式,不僅實(shí)現(xiàn)了任務(wù)的目標(biāo),感受成功,而且研究潛能也得到較大的發(fā)展。
責(zé)任編輯楊博