中考英語陷阱題分析（一）

中考年年考，難題人人議。因?yàn)橄葳孱}，考后空留遺憾的不在少數(shù)。本文歸納了一些陷阱題，希望同學(xué)們不要重蹈覆轍。

1.[誤]—Would you like some coffee?

—Yes， and please get me some milk ，too. I prefer coffee to milk.

[正]—Would you like some coffee?

—Yes， and please get me some milk ，too. I prefer coffee with milk.

[析]誤句前后矛盾。“I prefer coffee to milk．”意為“我喜歡咖啡而不喜歡牛奶”。“I prefer coffee with milk．”意為“我喜歡加了牛奶的咖啡”。

2.[誤]They knew the sun was much bigger than the earth then.

[正]They knew the sun is much bigger than the earth then.

[析]當(dāng)賓語從句是真理時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，無須和主句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。如：

She said that one and one makes two. I knew that light travels faster than sound.

3.[誤]Wouldn’t you like any tea， either?

[正]Wouldn’t you like some tea ，too?

[析]否定式問句表示肯定的意思。表示肯定的意思的時(shí)some不要改成any，此時(shí)用too，不能用either，如：Where have they planted some trees?(樹已栽好)Can’t you see I’ve got teeth，too?

4.[誤]Nobody likes that dog， doesn’t he?

[正] Nobody likes that dog， do they/does he?

[析]陳述句的主語是everybody，everyone，somebody，someone，no one等時(shí)，反意疑問句的主語用they(或he)，如：No one is interested in that， are they?如果陳述句的主語是 something，nothing，everything等時(shí)，反意疑問句的主語用it。反意疑問句前半部分用否定，后半部分要用肯定。注意下面的例句：She’s unhappy，isn’t she?(否定前綴算作肯定)

5.[誤]Do you know what the matter is with him?

[正]Do you know what is the matter with him?

[析]例句的意思是：“你知道他發(fā)生了什么事情?”what是賓語從句的主語。“Do you know what the matter is?”的意思是“你知道這個(gè)物質(zhì)是什么?”what是賓語從句的表語。在賓語從句中必須用陳述句語序，即主謂賓語序。

6.[誤]The film has begun for an hour.

[正]The film has been on for an hour.

[析]常見的終止性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系如下：begin—be on， finish—be over， become—be， borrow—keep， buy—have， come (go， get， arrive)—be here(there)， die—be dead， fall asleep(ill)—be asleep(ill)， leave—be away(from)， get up—be up， get to know—know， lose—be lost(missing)， catch a cold—have a cold， join—be a member of (be in)。

7.[誤]I went to bed until 11 yesterday.

[正]I didn’t go to bed until 11 yesterday.

[析]當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞為終止動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用“not…until”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“直到……才”。如： Don’t get off the bus until it stops.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定式或否定式都可以。如：(1)I’ll wait until 12.(2)I won’t be back till next month.(3)I won’t come between August 5 and 9.不能說成:I won’t come until August 5 and 9.因?yàn)閡ntil只接點(diǎn)時(shí)間，不接段時(shí)間。

8.[誤] While I came in， he was singing.

[正] When I came in， he was singing.

[析]while引導(dǎo)的從句動(dòng)詞多用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示主、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行。另外，在下句中，while意為“而、卻”，表示對(duì)比、對(duì)照。She can do it while I can’t．

9.[誤] Why did you keep quiet when you spoke to?

[正] Why did you keep quiet when you were spoken to?

[析]例句的意思是：“當(dāng)有人跟你講話時(shí)，你為什么保持沉默?”因?yàn)閥ou是動(dòng)作承受對(duì)象，所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：（1）The work can be finished in a few hours’ time. (2)He was never heard to say‘ Thank you’ in his life. (3)He was found crying in the street when night fell. (4)I won’t come unless Jenny is invited.(5)When water is heated， it will change into vapor.

10.[誤] How can we do more work with few people and little time?

[正] How can we do more work with fewer people and less time?

[析]例句的意思是：“我們?nèi)绾文軌蛴幂^少的人和較少的時(shí)間干更多的工作?”more的反義詞是fewer或less。注意:few盡管表否定，但還須接名詞復(fù)數(shù)。如：He’s a man of few words.他是一個(gè)沉默寡言的人。

11.[誤] Neither you nor I are Party memberes.

[正] Neither you nor I am a party member.

[析]英文中neither…nor…，either…or…，not only…but also…連接的兩個(gè)部分作主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞必須采用就近一致的原則，也就是“看后不看前”。另外，主語后接with，together with， but， except， like， unlike，as well as等采取語法一致、與介詞短語前面的主語一致，也就是“看前不看后”。如：(1)I with my friends am going there. (2)Are either you or he a student? (3)Dr Smith，together with his wife and two sons， is to arrive on the evening flight.