請看下面一道高考題:
________ I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive.(07 山東卷)
A. As B. Since C. IfD. While
分析:答案是D。此題考查關聯詞的用法。前一分句意為:“我真的不喜歡藝術”,后一分句意為:“我發現他的創作給人留下很深的印象”,這兩個分句之間的關系很自然不是因果關系,也不是條件和結果的關系,故可排除A、 B和C。此時的while意為“雖然,盡管”,引導讓步狀語從句,相當于 although。
while一詞在英語中被廣泛運用,也是全國各地高考命題的熱點詞之一,因此掌握該詞的用法很重要。下面結合歷屆高考題將while一詞的種種用法歸納總結如下,希望對同學們的學習有所幫助。
一、while 用作連詞
1.意為“當……的時候,在……期間”,相當于when或during the time when。
She called while I was out. 我不在家時她來訪過。
I lived in my uncle’s while I was a mid?鄄dle school student.我上中學時住在我叔叔家。
He fell asleep while (he was) watching TV. 他看著電視就睡著了。
While (locked up) in prison, she wrote her first novel.她在獄中寫了第一部小說。
注:當while 所引導的從句與主句的主語相同,且while從句的動詞為be動詞+現在分詞時,while從句的主語和be動詞可省略。
2.意為“與……同時,一邊……一邊”,相當于as或at the same time as。
While Mary was writing a letter, the child?鄄ren were playing outside.瑪麗寫信時,孩子們正在外面玩。
He listens to the radio while driving to work.他一邊開車去上班,一邊聽音樂。
3.意為“然而,卻”,用以表示前后對比或相反的情況。
He is a learned professor while his brother is just a peasant.他是個有學問的教授,而他的弟弟只是個農民。
Their country has plenty of oil while ours has none.他們的國家石油豐富,可是我們的國家卻沒有石油。
Tom likes black coffee while his wife prefers it with cream.湯姆愛喝不加牛奶或奶油的咖啡,而他妻子喜歡加奶油的。
4.意為“雖然,盡管”,相當于although,引導讓步狀語從句。
While he is a top student, he has some shortcomings.雖然他是個優秀的學生,但是他有一些缺點。
While I understand your viewpoint, I don’t agree with you.雖然我理解你的觀點,但我還是不能同意你。
While he was respected, he was not liked.他雖然受到尊敬,但不被喜歡。
5.意為“只要”,表示條件,相當于as long as。
You will want for nothing while I am alive.只要我活著你就不會缺任何東西。
While there is life, there is hope.只要有生命就有希望。
二、while 用作名詞,意為“一會兒,一點時間”
We have to wait a while for the bus. 我們只好等一會兒公共汽車。
He left a while ago.他剛走一會兒。
I haven’t seen him for a long while.我已經很久沒遇見他了。
The boy came to himself after a while.過了一會兒,那個男孩蘇醒過來了。
三、while 用在慣用語中
1.all the while,意為“始終,一直”。
He nodded all the while. 他一直在點頭。
2.once in a while,意為“有時,偶爾”。
My pen pal writes me once in a while.我的筆友有時給我寫信。
3.worth sb’s while,意為“對某人來說值得或有好處,值得干”。
It’s worth your while to come to the meet?鄄ing.參加這個會議對你有好處。
4.while away,意為“消磨,閑混”。
I whiled the whole day away reading novels.我看小說閑混了一整天。
We whiled away the time at the airport playing chess.我們在機場下棋消磨時間。