“條件從句”表達知多少

周　華

在平時的教學中，學生們會在練習中遇到各種各樣的條件從句的表達法，現將它們歸納如下：

一.if：“如果”，這是最常見的，也是學生掌握最牢的。例如：

①If you demand his presence，warn him in advance.(如果你要他來，就事先通知他。)

② If it had not been for your help，we would not have succeeded.(要不是你們的幫助，我們就不會成功。)

二.as/so long as “只要，如果” 例如：

①Its a good idea to start a part-time job as long as it doesnt affect your studies.(只要不影響你的學習而干點零活，這是個好主意。)

②You shall never enter this house so long as I live in it.(只要我住在這間屋里，你就甭想進來。)

三.on/upon condition that “在……條件下，假如……” 例如：

①Ill lend you the book on condition that you can return it in time.(只要你能及時歸還，我就把這本書借給你。)

②You can go out on condition that you

wear an overcoat.(你要穿上外衣才能出去。)

四.on the understanding that “在……條件下，以此為條件” 例如：

①I lent him 500 yuan on the under-standing that he would repay me today.(我借給他500元，條件是他得今天還我。)

②Ill give her some money on the understanding that she should spend it on books.(我借給她一些錢，條件是她要把這些錢用來買書。)

五.suppose/supposing(that)“假定/設……” 例如：

①Suppose(that) the news is true，what then?(假定這消息是真的，那又怎樣?)

②Supposing(that) you had a million pounds—how would you spend it?(假如你有一百萬英鎊——你會怎么花呢?)

六provided/providing(that)“在……情況下，假如……” 例如：

①I will agree to go provided/providing my expenses are paid.(假如為我負擔費用，我就同意去。)

② Provided we get good weather it will be a successful holiday.(如果天氣好，我們的假期將過得非常好。)

七.in case “如果……” 例如：

① In case he comes ，let me know.(如果他來，就告訴我。)

②In case of fire ，ring the alarm bell.(萬一發生火災，立即按警鈴。)

八.while “只要” 例如：

①There will be class struggle while classes exist.(只要有階級，就有階級斗爭。)

九.but that “要不是……” 例如：

①But that you had seen me in the water，I would have drowned.(要不是你看見我掉進水里，我早就淹死了。)

②He would have come with us but that he had no money.(他要不是因為缺錢，就與我們一起來了。) ★