[摘要]本文對2008年高考英語完型填空題進行了解讀,指出做好完形填空題的關鍵是要弄清文脈,抓住主旨,著眼于整體理解,仔細推敲枝末細節,“瞻前顧后”,尋找線索。
[關鍵詞]高考 英語 完型填空題
2008年高考完形填空題(全國卷二)是一篇情節比較簡單的敘述性文章。和以往的高考完形填空題一樣,命題者通過精心選材,巧妙設空,很好地測試了參試者的閱讀能力和理解水平。下面就本題進行具體解析。
From the time each of my children started school,I packed their lunches.And in each lunch,I 21 a note.Often written on a napkin(餐巾),it might be a thank-you for a 22 moment,a reminder of something we were happily expecting,or a bit of 23 for the coming test or sporting event.
21. A. carriedB. foundC. includedD. held
22. A. difficultB. specialC. comfortableD. separate
23. A. congratulationB. improvement
C. explanationD. encouragement
第一段明確地交代了這篇文章所涉及的話題——便條。“我”,孩子的母親,從孩子們上學起,就為他們打包午飯。為孩子打包午飯本沒有什么稀奇,但“新”就新在每個孩子的飯盒里都夾有一張便條,自然是“我”inluded進去的。孩子們的飯盒里不只是食物,還“包含”(included)一個便條。這便條的內容有時是一句“謝謝”,有時是一個提醒,有時是一點鼓勵。因什么要感謝?肯定是有什么特別的(specail)事情。對于即將到來的考試或運動會,對孩子該說什么?只能是鼓勵(encouragement)。
In early grade school they 24 their notes. But as children grow older they become self-conscious (有自我意識的), and 25 he reached high school,my old son,Marc, informed me he no longer 26 my daily notes. Telling him that he no longer needed to 27 them but I still needed to write them, I 28 until the day he graduated.
24. A. lovedB. answeredC. wroteD. examined
25. A. latelyB. by the wayC. by the timeD. gradually
26. A. receivedB. understoodC. enjoyedD. collected
27. A. copyB. readC.takeD. send
28. A. held upB. gave upC. followedD. continued
第二段講孩子對便條的反應。小的時候,孩子們是喜歡(loved)這些便條的,但是隨著他們一天天長大,自我意識的增強,他們不再喜歡讀(enjoyed, loved的同義詞)了。“but”一詞在此構成轉折,因而就有了“loved”與“no longer enjoyed”的反義對照。孩子們由喜歡到不喜歡的這個變化理所當然最先發生在大兒子身上,時間也應該是等到上高中時(by the time)。合理推斷,這個時侯正是孩子最易“叛逆”的年齡。當大兒子Marc直言不諱地告知“我”他不再喜歡我每天寫給他的便條時,“我”的反應是什么?這位母親只是平靜地告訴他不必再讀(read)這些便條了,但她仍然要寫,且一直持續(continued)到大兒子高中畢業的那一天。
前兩段交代了事情的起因,文字簡約,意義明確,到目前為止,在理解上不會造成任何偏差。正確答案21C,22B,23D,24A,25C,26C,27B,28D很容易做出來。那么,接下來,在理解上還會是一條“康莊大道”嗎?不,這里已經設置了“陷阱”,稍不留神,就會走上“歧途”。且看第三段。
Six years after high school graduation, Marc called and asked if he could 29 for a couple of months. He had spent those years well,graduating from college, 30 two internships(實習) in Washington,D.C.,and 31 ,becoming a technical assistant in Sacramento. 32 short visits,however,he had lived away from home. With his yonger sister leaving for college, I was 33 happy to have Marc back. Since I was 34 making lunch for his yonger brother, I 35 one for Marc, too.Imagine my 36 when I got a call from my 24-year-old son, 37 his lunch.
29. A. outB. homeC. to collegeD. to Sacramento
30. A. organizingB. planningC. comparingD. completing
31. A. hopefullyB. finallyC. particularlyD. certainly
32. A. Because ofB. Instead ofC. Except forD. As for
33. A. especiallyB. immediatelyC. equallyD. generally
34. A. onceB. againC. stillD. even
35.A. packedB. fetchedC. boughtD. filled
36. A. fearB. surpriseC. angerD. disappointment
37. A. waitinf forB. worrying aboutC. caring forD. asking about
這段一開始就有一個時間上的跨度,跳躍性很大。Marc高中畢業六年后打來電話問他是否可以搬回家(home)來住幾個月,還是搬出去(out)住幾個月?從前文很難做出推斷,但后文卻有明確的提示——I was __ happy to have Marc back,這里的back明確無誤地告訴你Marc是想搬回家來住一段時間。接下來是說Marc高中畢業后的這六年是怎樣度過的——大學畢業,完成(completing)了在Washington,D.C.的兩次實習,最后(finally)在Sacramento上班工作。這期間,除了(except for)假期回家短期探視外,他一直生活在外,母親應該是想念的。這時Marc打電話想要回家住一段時間,做母親的當然高興了。再說女兒又在外上大學,母親的高興自然就especially了。有六年沒有給大兒子準備午飯了,現在Marc在家住,且“我”還(still)在給小兒子做午飯,也就又給Marc打包(packed)一個盒飯。行文至此,高潮就要來臨,也是全文的“看點”,理解起來難度大大增加了。聯系上文,這一次Marc的飯盒里還會有一紙便條嗎?注意“便條”是這篇文章的主線,全文都是圍繞這一主線而展開的。當然這一次Marc的飯盒里是沒有便條的。早在上高中時,Marc就不再喜歡讀母親留在飯盒里的便條了,而現在再給他——已經24歲的Marc飯盒里留便條,就匪夷所思了。那么,當Marc打電話問(asking about)他的飯盒里怎么沒有便條時,可以想象母親有多么的驚喜(surpuise),也十分欣慰。
“Did I do something 38? Don’t you love me 39 ,Mom ?”were just a few of the questions he threw at me as I 40 asked him what was wrong .
\"My note ,Mom .\"he answered \"where's my note ?\"
38.A. wrongB. funnyC. strangeD.smart
39.A. any moreB. enoughC. once moreD. better
40.A. interestinglyB.bitterlyC. politelyD.laughingly
在這里,Marc在向母親“撒嬌”——“我做錯(wrong)了什么事嗎?你不再(any more)愛我了嗎?”。母親當然是笑著(laughingly)問的。Marc的“撒嬌”,其實是對母親的關愛的一種理解,一種感謝,間或也是對自己過去行為的一種彌補,輕巧而又溫馨。
通過對這篇完形填空題的解析,我們不難得出這樣的結論:做好完形填空題的關鍵是要弄清文脈,抓住主旨,著眼于整體理解,仔細推敲枝末細節,“瞻前顧后”,尋找線索,對自己確定的選項要“有理有據”,切不可跟著“感覺”走,“只見樹木不見森林”而前功盡棄。
(作者單位:甘肅平涼一中)