隨著新課標(biāo)的普及,中考試題中單項(xiàng)選擇題不僅單純考查語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)、知識(shí)點(diǎn),而且越來越注重通過設(shè)置各種語(yǔ)境來考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用詞匯、語(yǔ)法、句型、交際、習(xí)慣表達(dá)等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的能力。分析2007年一些省市中考試題中的單項(xiàng)選擇題,可發(fā)現(xiàn)其呈現(xiàn)出以下特點(diǎn)和趨勢(shì):
1.知識(shí)點(diǎn)覆蓋面越來越廣,綜合性越來越強(qiáng)。如:
The headmaster said they would have________ library________ . (07蘭州)
A. another; builtB. other; built
C. another; build D. other; building
解析:本題考查了another與other的區(qū)別。應(yīng)選A。
2.語(yǔ)境設(shè)置的真實(shí)性越來越強(qiáng),考查范圍越來越廣。如:
—Look at the noisy kids!
—Haven’t you heard the saying“When the cat is away, the mice________”? (2007河南)
A. play B. played C. are playingD. will play
解析:本題形式上考查的是play的時(shí)態(tài),而實(shí)際上考查的是真實(shí)語(yǔ)境中具體語(yǔ)言的運(yùn)用。主句是將來時(shí),從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。應(yīng)選D。
3.選項(xiàng)設(shè)置的干擾性和迷惑性越來越大,考查綜合運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)能力的手段越來越強(qiáng)。如:
Uncle Wang looks so fine in recent days. He ________a lot, but he has given it up. (2007咸寧)
A. was used to smoke B. used to smoke
C. was used to smokingD. am used to smoking
解析:be used to意為“習(xí)慣于做某事”,to是介詞,后面跟名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞等;used to意為“過去常常做某事”,to是不定式符號(hào),后面跟動(dòng)詞。選項(xiàng)C干擾性最大,它本身既是過去時(shí),后面又跟動(dòng)名詞。應(yīng)選B。
[考點(diǎn)研析]
一、考查不定冠詞、定冠詞的正確運(yùn)用。如:
—Will you get there by________ train?
—No, I’ll take________taxi. (2007天津)
A. /;aB. a; the C. /; / D. the; a
解析:by train是固定搭配,中間不用冠詞;take a taxi也是固定搭配。應(yīng)選A。
二、考查名詞數(shù)的搭配和名詞所有格的運(yùn)用,以及對(duì)名詞含義的正確理解。如:
—Come and see in________ .
—With pleasure. That’s what I’m expecting. (2007哈爾濱)
A. two or three days’ B. two or three day’s time
C. two or three days’ time
解析:句意是“兩三天后請(qǐng)來訪”,兩三天是一個(gè)時(shí)間段,應(yīng)該加time;兩三天又是復(fù)數(shù),故day應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。應(yīng)選C。
三、考查不定代詞、人稱代詞、形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的用法。如:
My aunt has two children. But________ of them lives with her. (2007河北)
A. eachB. neitherC. eitherD. both
解析:根據(jù)lives 可知主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是單數(shù),又因?yàn)閎ut表示轉(zhuǎn)折,表達(dá)否定的意思,所以排除both(兩者都),each和either。neither是“兩者中無一”,做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。應(yīng)選B。
四、考查介詞的正確用法及一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)。如:
Don’t get off the bus________ it has stopped. (2007天津)
A. untilB. ifC. to D. for
解析:not...until是“直到……才”的意思。應(yīng)選A。
五、根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境選擇正確的連詞。如:
Kate is________ busy________ she can’t have a picnic with us this weekend. (2007貴陽(yáng))
A. so; thatB. too; toC. so; as
解析:so+形容詞/副詞+that從句,是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,意思是“如此……以致”,too+形容詞+to+動(dòng)詞,意思是“太……而不能”,不符合題意,C是錯(cuò)誤搭配。應(yīng)選A。
六、考查形容詞、副詞的正確含義及比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的正確用法。如:
—“Shall we go now?”
—“Oh, no. It’s raining________ . We’d better wait for a while.” (2007貴陽(yáng))
A. heavyB. heavier C. heavily
解析:rain是動(dòng)詞,需要用副詞heavily來修飾。應(yīng)選C。
七、考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的含義及用法。如:
—Must I finish the work today, Mom?
—No, you________. You can finish it tomorrow. (2007河北)
A. mustn’tB. can’t
C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
解析:must的否定回答應(yīng)該用needn’t。應(yīng)選D。
八、考查動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的正確含義及各種時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:
—What did the English teacher talk to you last Friday?
—She told me to________ my lessons carefully before the exam. (2007蕪湖)
A. look up B. go overC. look after D. go on
解析:根據(jù)句意“她告訴我考試之前要認(rèn)真復(fù)習(xí)功課”,可知答案是go over“復(fù)習(xí)”。look up是“查詢”,look after是“照顧”,go on 是“繼續(xù)”。應(yīng)選B。
九、考查基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞及分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方法。如:
In our city________, middle school students want to work as a teacher in the future.(2007重慶)
A. thousandB. thousand of
C. thousands of D. two thousand of
解析:thousands of 意為“許多,無數(shù)”,two thousand與of不能連用,thousand不能單獨(dú)使用。應(yīng)選C。
十、考查交際用語(yǔ)或習(xí)慣用法。如:
—Now, where is my school bag?
—________ ! We’ll be late for school. (2007南京)
A. Just a minute B. Take it easy
C. Don’t worryD. Come on
解析:Just a minute意為“請(qǐng)等一下”,Take it easy意為“別著急,放心好了”,Don’t worry意為“別擔(dān)心”,Come on 意為“快點(diǎn)”,根據(jù)下文“上學(xué)要遲到了”,應(yīng)選D。
十一、考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法。如:
The green tea________grows in South China is quite popular in China. (2007甘肅)
A. whoB. which C. when D. where
解析:先行詞tea是物,所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which來引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。應(yīng)選B。
十二、考查感嘆句的用法。如:
—It’s reported that the 29th Olympic torch(奧運(yùn)火炬)is going to travel to 135 cities around the world.
—________ exciting the news is! And it will arrive at the opening ceremony on August 8th, 2008.(2007哈爾濱)
A. What B. HowC. What an
解析: 中心詞exciting是形容詞,故用How來修飾。應(yīng)選B。
十三、常用句型的考查。如:
Many people think it’s very important________ us ________learn English well.(2007貴陽(yáng))
A. for ; toB. to; toC. with; for
解析:本題考查的是it is+形容詞+for sb. +to do sth.這個(gè)常用句型。應(yīng)選A。