詹姆斯·邦德的世界—牙買加

2008年，許多關于007的新聞又頻頻躍入我們的視線：Ian Fleming百年誕辰紀念；007的新片拍攝過程中狀況連連……看來，這部大家翹首盼望的007新作注定要和主人公一樣命運多舛而需久經考驗。小編也來湊熱鬧，本期跟大家八卦一下007與一個旅游勝地——牙買加之間頗深的淵源。哪一天，當你走進牙買加，一定要去007戰斗過的地方看看，這才不虛此行。

Jamaica must be considered a very special location for James Bond. Featuring in Live And Let Die， Doctor No and The Man with the Golden Gun， Jamaica turns out to be one of the most colorful settings in a series of books full of vivid scenery. In Jamaica we come into contact with 1)voodoo， a fortune-teller and in Fleming’s final novel， a private railway running through the 2)mangrove swamps.

Ian Fleming had fallen in love with Jamaica when he visited the island during the Second World War for an 3)Anglo-American navel conference. When the war was over， he returned to Jamaica， and not just as a tourist. Fleming set to work. He purchased property， designed a house， and set about doing paradise right. The house was like Fleming’s writing would prove to be: simple， direct， filled with 4)panache， but never elegant， or 5)opulent. There was no hot-water 6)plumbing， no glass in the 7)jalousied windows， no provision for air conditioning. Yet， the house quickly became one of the most envied on the north coast of Jamaica.

For six years Fleming traveled each winter to Jamaica， lounging in paradise， romancing women， chasing the sunset， but it was not until he faced the pressure of a married woman who was 8)pregnant with his child did Fleming start the writer’s journey which would change his life and popular culture forever. The married woman， Lady Anne Rothermere， had for years been having an affair with Ian， and now pregnant， the time had come for Fleming， at almost 44 years of age to act like a grown-up and marry. As Fleming waited in Jamaica for Anne’s divorce to become final， he wrote the first draft of a novel， Casino Royale.

So how did 007 make his way to Jamaica? We first learn that Bond has visited Jamaica in Casino Royale， but it is not until Fleming’s second James Bond adventure， Live And Let Die， that we actually find him on the island. Like many tourists today， Bond spends no time in Kingston as he is picked up from the airport by Commander John Strangways， the secret service man for the

9)Caribbean. Strangways drives Bond to his house in the foothills of the Blue Mountains， and updates him on the 10)villainous Mr. Big. Bond spends a week preparing for his mission against Mr. Big with an 11)arduous training regime-no alcohol， only ten cigarettes a day， running， swimming， sailing and 12)snorkeling.

In Doctor No， Bond once again finds himself in Jamaica. He books a single room with a shower in Blue Hills Hotel- “a comfortable old-fashioned hotel with modern trimmings”， probably based on the Blue Mountain Inn. The balcony to his room overlooks a “riot of tropical gardens to Kingston， five miles below.” At The Joy Boat restaurant Bond enjoys “the throb and twang of 13)calypso music” as he eats broiled lobster， steak and native vegetables， washed down with a gin and tonic with a lime. After undertaking some more training， Bond sets off in a small canoe destined for the mangrove swamps of Crab Key.

Bond returns to a now independent Jamaica in The Man with the Golden Gun， on the trail of an 14)assassin called Scaramanga. Staying at Morgan’s Harbour Hotel， a “romantic little hotel… on the site of Port Royal”， Bond finds that his former secretary， Mary Goodnight， has been posted to Kingston and they meet for dinner at the hotel， where they enjoy broiled lobster with melted butter and foie gras with Champagne. Following a lead that he will find Scaramanga in Savannah La Mar， Bond and Goodnight set out on an adventure， driving through the 15)picturesquely named Spanish Town， May Pen， Alligator Pond and Black River.

James Bond finally returns to Jamaica in the short story， Octopussy. He hardly features in the story at all， but visits the house of an ex-secret service man. We are not given any details as to the house’s 16)whereabouts on the island， but the man who is now perpetually drunk， bored and 17)disillusioned with life is clearly modeled on Fleming’s own state of mind. One of the many assumptions regarding the James Bond phenomenon is that he was based on the actions of a real life character. And so he was sort of.

On the hundredth anniversary of his birth， a new exhibition at London’s Imperial War Museum looks at a writer whose life was almost as exciting as that of his most famous creation: secret agent James Bond. “There are many parallels: the cars， the girls， the love of martinis，” said Godfrey Smith， who worked with Fleming for a decade on The Times newspaper in London. “My first and last pink gin was bought for me by Ian Fleming.”

牙買加絕對是拍攝詹姆斯·邦德系列影片的一個非常特別的外景地。在影片《007系列之生死關頭》、《諾博士》和《金槍人》中都作為外景出現的牙買加，成為了一系列廣羅天下美景的書籍中最為多姿多彩的景區之一。在牙買加，我們見識到伏都教徒、算命先生，還有在弗萊明最后一部小說中出現過的那條穿越紅樹林沼澤的私人鐵路。

伊恩·弗萊明在二戰期間第一次游覽牙買加時便愛上了這個島嶼；他是來參加“英美中心會議”的。二戰結束后，他重返牙買加，但并不僅僅是以游客的身份。弗萊明開始大興土木。他購置了房產，對房屋進行了設計裝修，著手營造了自己的“天堂”。這座居所正如弗萊明在寫作中描述的那樣：簡約、直白、神氣十足，卻又沒有過于講究、奢侈之嫌。這里沒有熱水管道，百葉窗上沒鑲玻璃，也沒有安裝空調。然而，這座居所很快就成為了牙買加北海岸最讓人艷羨的住宅之一。

連續六年，弗萊明都在冬季來到牙買加，悠閑的躺臥在他的“天堂”里，和女人們開始一段段浪漫的關系，追逐落日的余暉。（事實是）直到一位有夫之婦懷了他的骨肉，他感受到（世俗的）壓力以后，才開始了他的寫作生涯；而這將會永遠改變他的生活軌跡，也改變了流行文化。那位已婚女子名叫安妮·羅澤美爾，和伊

恩·弗萊明發展婚外情達數年之久。現在她懷上了弗萊明的孩子，這個將近44歲的老男人，也到了該表現得像個成年人、結婚生子的時候了。在弗萊明呆在牙買加，等待安妮的離婚訴訟最終判決的日子里，他寫下了《007系列之皇家賭場》的初稿。

那么，007是如何一路來到牙買加的呢？我們首先知道，邦德在《007系列之皇家賭場》一集里去過牙買加，但是，直到弗萊明寫的第二次詹姆斯·邦德歷險《007系列之生死關頭》中，我們才真正見到他置身于這座島嶼中。邦德在機場被加勒比地區秘密接頭人——司令官約翰·斯特朗接走，像今天的很多游客一樣，并沒有在首都金斯敦多呆片刻。斯特朗開車把邦德帶到他在“藍山”腳下的寓所中，并把惡貫滿盈的比格先生的最新情況向他匯報。邦德花了一周時間進行艱苦的訓練——滴酒不沾，一天只抽十根煙，跑步，游泳，駕駛帆船，還有潛水訓練，為這項對付比格先生的任務作準備。

在《諾博士》中，邦德又一次來到了牙買加。他在“藍山賓館”——“一家舒適愜意的、具有現代裝飾的老式賓館”預訂了一個帶淋浴的單人間。這家賓館的原型可能是“藍山客棧”。在通向他房間的陽臺上，可以俯瞰“往下五英里，金斯敦熱帶花園里（百花）的爭奇斗艷”。在“快樂艇酒店”，邦德一邊品嘗著白灼龍蝦、牛排和當地美味的蔬果，大口飲著杜松子酒和酸橙口味的奎寧飲料，一邊欣賞著“卡里普索音樂(特立尼達島上土人即興演唱的歌曲)”。在進行了一些更多的訓練之后，邦德乘坐小獨木舟，前往Crab Key的紅樹林沼澤。

邦德在《金槍人》一集中回到了那時已經獨立的牙買加，去追蹤一名叫做“斯卡拉孟加”的殺手。他下榻 “摩根海港酒店”，“一家浪漫的小賓館……坐落在皇家港口上。”邦德發現他以前的秘書瑪麗·古德奈特（又譯：晚安小姐）也被委派到了金斯敦。他們在這座酒店共進晚餐，享用了熱融黃油龍蝦、肥鵝肝醬和香檳酒。邦德得到線報說在“南美大草原”可以找到斯卡拉孟加，于是和古德奈特開始了一段冒險之旅，一路驅車穿越了 “西班牙小鎮”、“五月船塢”、“鱷魚池塘”和“黑溪”這些有著詩畫般浪漫地名的地方。

詹姆斯·邦德在短篇小說《八爪女》中重返牙買加。在這一集故事中，他幾乎沒有多少精彩戲份，只是拜訪了一位前特工人員的住所。我們無法得到關于這座住所在島上的詳細地址信息，然而，那個現在天天爛醉如泥、無聊透頂、看破紅塵的男人，很顯然正是弗萊明本人的內心寫照。關于詹姆斯·邦德現象有很多猜測，其中之一認為，邦德是建立在真實生活原型的事件基礎上的。的確，在某種程度上是這樣的。

在弗萊明的百年誕辰到來之際，倫敦的帝國戰爭博物館迎來了一場新展覽，回顧了這位作家那驚心動魄的一生；其精彩程度就像他塑造的最為人所知的人物形

象——特工詹姆斯·邦德一樣。“我們有很多的共同追求：香車，美女，還有對馬提尼酒的鐘愛。”曾在倫敦的《泰晤士報》報社和弗萊明共事十年的戈弗雷·史密斯說:“我的第一瓶，也是最后一瓶紅粉杜松子酒（又譯：金酒），就是伊恩·弗萊明買來送我的。”