一、重點單詞
1. recognize
【考綱釋義】 vt. 認出;辨認;承認;認可;公認
【備考實例】 My uncle had changed so much over the years that I could hardly _______ him at the airport.
A. understandB. realize
C. recognizeD. know
【考點解析】句意“我叔叔這些年變化太大了以致于我在機場都幾乎認不出他了”。答案為C。recognize意為“認出;辨認”,understand“理解”,realize“意識到”,know“知道,認識”。
【知識拓展】 recognition n. 認識;認出;承認recognize sb. / sth. as / to be認出……是;承認……是be recognized as 被承認是,被認出是
【辨析】 know表示“認識某人”(know sb.)或“知道某事”(know sth.);recognize 為短暫性動詞,不能與延續的時間狀語連用;如需表示長時期相識時,可用動詞 know 取代 recognize。
2. explain
【考綱釋義】vt. 解釋;說明
【備考實例】 Is this the reason _______at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained
B. what he explained
C. how he explained
D. why he explained
【考點解析】句意“這是他在會議上為自己工作馬虎解釋的原因嗎”。答案為A。explain為及物動詞,先行詞reason作其賓語,關系代詞可省略。
【知識拓展】explain sth. to sb. = explain to sb sth. 向某人解釋explain oneself把自己的意思解釋清楚
3. attend
【考綱釋義】 vt. 參加;到場;出席
【備考實例】
—Would you like to _______ my birthday party tomorrow?
— Sorry, but I have something important to _______.
A. attend; attend
B. attend to; attend to
C. attend; attend to
D. attend to; attend
【考點解析】句意“‘你愿意參加我明天的生日聚會嗎?’‘對不起,我有重要的事情去處理?!贝鸢笧镃,attend意為“參加;出席”,attend to意為“處理;照料”。
【知識拓展】attend school 去上學 attend a meeting參加會議 attend to 處理;照料;接待
4. advantage
【考綱釋義】 n. 優勢;益處
【備考實例】 I’d like to take_______ of this opportunity to thank you all for your cooperation.
A. profitB. benefit
C. advantageD. interests
【考點解析】句意“我想利用這次機會為你們的合作感謝你們所有人?!眛ake advantage of意為“利用”,答案為C。
【知識拓展】 take advantage of利用,占……的便宜 gain / have an advantage over 勝過;優于
5. charge
【考綱釋義】vt. 充電;索要;要價;告發n. 費用;索價;掌管;管理
【備考實例】 A new director is appointed
to take _______ charge of this research center, which was in _______ charge of an old scientist.
A. the; theB. / ; /C. the; /D. /; the
【考點解析】句意“一名新領導被派來管理這個研究中心,它以前是由一位老科學家來管理的?!贝鸢笧镈。take charge of 意為“管理”,in the charge of sb.意為“由某人管理”。
【知識拓展】 charge sb. some money for sth.為某物向某人索要多少錢
Charge sb. with sth. / doing sth.控告某人做了某事
free of charge 免費地 in charge of掌管;負責 in the charge of sb. / in one’s charge 由某人管理 take charge of管理
6. prove
【考綱釋義】 vt. 證明;證實vi. 顯示;證明是;成為
【備考實例】 The news, which brought
about a panic, finally_______to be 1.
A. was provedB. proved
C. was provingD. had been proved
【考點解析】句意“給人們帶來恐慌的消息最后證明是虛假的?!眕rove可用作連系動詞,后接“(to be)+名詞或形容詞”,不用于被動語態和進行時態。答案為B。
【知識拓展】 prove sth. to sb. 向某人證明 prove(to be) + adj. / n.證明是……,結果是……
7. sense
【考綱釋義】 n.感覺;意識;明智
【備考實例】 As we all know, dogs have a keen _______ of smell.
A. feelingB. idea
C. knowledgeD. sense
【考點解析】句意“我們都知道,狗有著靈敏的嗅覺?!贝鸢笧镈。a sense of smell意為“嗅覺”。
【知識拓展】common sense常識 the sense of sight / smell / taste / touch視覺;嗅覺;味覺;觸覺 make sense講得通;有道理;有意義 make sense of 弄明白;理解It makes sense to do sth.做某事是明智的
8. doubt
【考綱釋義】 n. 懷疑;疑惑vt.懷疑;不相信
【備考實例】 I have some doubt _______ his words, but I have no doubt _______ he has passed the exam.
A. about; ifB. of; whether
C. about; thatD. to; whether
【考點解析】句意“我對他的話表示懷疑,但我不懷疑他通過了考試?!県ave doubt about sth. 對……疑問,there is no doubt that 必定;不懷疑。答案為C。
【知識拓展】 doubt常見句型:
beyond(all)doubt 毫無疑問;無疑地 in doubt懷疑;不肯定;拿不準 no doubt 肯定地;想必;十之八九without(a) doubt 毫無疑問;一定地
二、重點短語
1. call on拜訪;訪問;號召;要求
I had planned to call on Mr. Smith, but I was too busy.我本打算去拜訪史密斯先生,但我實在太忙了。
【知識拓展】call back召回;收回;回電話; call for 要求;需要;提倡;為爭取……而呼吁call in 召來;召集;來訪某地;call off 叫走,支開;放棄,取消 call up打電話;使回憶起;應征入伍
2. bring back 帶回來;使回憶起;使恢復
His story brought back our happy childhood together. 他講的故事使我們聯想到幸福的童年。
This new medicine brought me back to health quickly.這種新藥使我很快恢復了健康。
【知識拓展】 bring down使……下降,倒下,擊落; bring up教育,教養(兒童),提出(議題,計劃),打斷; bring in 引進,賺錢, bring … to an end結束;bring … to life使…… 蘇醒;bring … to light發現,將…… 公之于世
3. pay off還清(債務等);付清
It took Charlie ten years to pay off his debt.查理花了十年時間才將債務還清。
He paid off all the debts on time. 他按時把債還清了。
【知識拓展】 pay back償還;還錢給某人;pay for 付 …… 款pay off 還清(債務等)
4. after all畢竟;終究;到底
It’s not surprising you’re tired. After all, you were up until eleven last night! 難怪你感到疲倦。別忘了,你昨天晚上 11 點才睡覺呢。
Mathilde thought it was a diamond necklace, but it wasn’t a real one after all.瑪蒂爾德原以為那是一條鉆石項鏈,但那原來不是真的鉆石項鏈。
5. come up with(針對問題等)想出;提供
No one has come up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs died out.尚未有人能對恐龍的滅絕做出一個令人信服的解釋。
6. go against 違背;不利于
Don’t do anything that should go against his will.不要做違背他心意的事。
If you go against nature, it will punish you.如果你違背了大自然,它就會懲罰你。
7. add … to … 把某物加入某物
If you add 4 to 3 you will get 7.四加三得七。
What value can you add to our organization? 您能為我們的組織增添什么價值?
【知識拓展】 add to sth.增加 add up to總計,共計
8. test on 在……上做試驗;測驗
Many people are against new drugs being tested on animals. 很多人反對用動物來做新藥試驗。
The chairperson of the Wild Animals Club is giving a test on wild animals.野生動物俱樂部的主席正在就野生動物進行一次測試。
三、重點句型
1. can表推測的用法
【課文原句】 In fact you do, but you may not remember me. It can’t be true, Pierre!
【經典考例】
—Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
— No, it _______be him. I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.(NMET 2004 I)
A. can’t B. must not
C. won’t D. may not
【考點解析】答案為A。can’t表示不可能;mustn’t表示禁止,won’t 表示不愿意;may not表示可能不。根據語境中及I’m sure表示答話的人肯定不是Ann的丈夫。can表推測多用于否定句,疑問句中。
2. 一般過去時
【課文原句】Mathilde! Oh yes. Sorry, I didn’t recognize you.
【經典考例】
— Ouch! You hurt me!
—I am sorry. But I _______any harm.
I ______ to drive a rat out.(江西)
A. didn’t mean; tried
B. don’t mean; am trying
C. haven’t meant; tried
D. didn’t mean; was trying
【考點解析】此題意為“我沒想傷害你, 我只是一直盡力想把老鼠趕出去”。第一空表示“原無意(傷害)”用didn’t mean。第二空表示“當時在做”故用was doing。答案為D。注意在過去時的使用中,有時沒有明顯的過去時間狀語,而是通過上下文來體現。
3. 分隔式定語從句
【課文原句】Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a necklace of yours?
【經典考例】 The film brought the hours back to me _______I was taken good care of in that far-away village. (NMET 2001)
A. until B. that C. whenD. where
【考點解析】通常定語從句與其先行詞是緊密連接在一起的,但是有時先行詞與從句之間被其它成分隔開。解此類題的關鍵是找準先行詞。答案為C。從句與先行詞hours被back to me隔開,關系副詞when指代先行詞the hours并在從句中作狀語。
4. 強調謂語
【課文原句】 Pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball.
【經典考例】 An awful accident_______, however, occur the other day. (上海 2000)
A. does B. did C. has toD. had to
【考點解析】 do是助動詞, 用在肯定句中, 起強調謂語作用, 帶有感情色彩, 意為 “真的, 的確”。答案為B。句意為“幾天前的確發生了一起嚴重的事故?!庇蓆he other day 可知應用過去時。
5. 祈使句 + and + 陳述句
【課文原句】 Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.
【經典考例】 _______and I’ll get the work finished. (NMET 2006 重慶)
A. Have one more hour
B. One more hour
C. Given one more hour
D. If I have one more hour
【考點解析】在“祈使句 + and + 陳述句”結構中,前面的祈使句相當于一個條件狀語從句,而陳述句表示結果,其中and起連接作用表順承。答案為B。one more hour相當于一個條件從句If you give me one more hour。由于句中有并列連詞and,故C,D項不正確,A項結構正確,但句意不符。
6. 動詞-ing的完成式
【課文原句】Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.
【經典考例】 1. The storm left, _______ a lot of damage to this area. (NMET 2005全國)
A. caused B. to have caused
C. to cause D. having caused
2. _______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (NMET2004北京)
A. To wait B. Have waited
C. Having waited D. To have waited
【考點解析】例1答案為D,例2答案為C。動詞-ing的完成式having done表示該動作在謂語動作發生之前已經完成,兩個動作之間有明顯的時間間隔,使用現在分詞的完成式時通常是為了強調兩個動作的發生有明顯的先后順序和時間間隔。