Module 2

一、常用短語

related to有關系的；有關聯的

break into破門而入；強行闖入

belong to屬于

become addicted to對……上癮；沉迷于

take one’s advice聽某人的意見

in order to為了……

so as to為了……

give up戒除；放棄

as a result of由于……的結果

die from死于……

continue to do繼續做……

share with與……共享

ask for請求……；要求……

in danger處于危險中

put up提高；增加

break the law違法

in public當眾

agree / disagree with同意 / 不同意

二、重點詞匯

A. 大綱詞匯

recognisevt. 認識；認知；認出

reducevt. 減少

disagreevi. 不同意；意見不合

drugn. 毒品；藥品

cigaretten. 香煙

tobaccon. 煙草；煙絲

dangern. 危險

needlen.（注射用的）針；針管

connectionn. 聯系；關系；關聯

treatmentn. 治療

cafén. 咖啡館；餐館

powerfuladj. 有力的；（藥等）有功效的

likelyadj. 可能的

nearbyadj. 附近的

B. 大綱外常用詞匯

affectvt. 影響；對……有壞影響

banvt. 禁止

injectvt. 注射

bronchitisn. 支氣管炎

cancern. 癌癥

cannabisn. 大麻

cocainen. 可卡因

addictn. 對（藥物等）上癮的人；癮君子

burglaryn. 盜竊；竊案；盜竊罪

crimen. 罪行；犯罪行為

criminaln. 罪犯

ration. 比；比率

shopliftingn. 逛商店時偷竊商品的行為

adultn. 成人

participantn. 參與者；參加者

leafletn. 傳單；印刷品

distractionn. 分心；分散注意力

joggingn. 慢跑

addictiveadj.（藥物等）上癮的

horribleadj. 令人不快的；極討厭的

illegaladj. 違法的；不合法的

gymnasticadj. 體操的

三、過渡詞匯

indicatevt. 指出；指示

arrestvt. 逮捕；拘捕

estimatevt. / vi. 估計；估價

kingdomn. 王國

articlen. 文章

studion. 播音室；錄音室

intonationn. 語調

moodn. 心情

triggern.（槍）扳機；引起反應的事

（或行動）

prematurelyadv. 過早地

四、語法

1. 動詞不定式作目的狀語

2. 結果狀語從句

五、過渡語法

虛擬語氣

詞匯及短語精析

1. reduce vt. 縮減；減少；降低

The new law will reduce the pollution of rivers.

新法將減少河流污染。

The number of people was reduced to 45.

人數減少到了45。

（1） reduce by 減少了多少

Production was reduced by twenty per cent.

生產減少了20%。（即減少到80%）

（2） reduce to 減少到多少

The number of employees was reduced to 25.

雇員人數減少到25人。

拓展：reduction n. 減少；縮小；降低

2. disagree vi. 不同意；意見不合；不一致；不相符

Even friends disagree sometimes.

即使是朋友，有時也有分歧。

（1） disagree （with sb） about / on / over sth

關于某事不同意（某人）

He disagrees with his parents on most things.

他在多數事情上都與父母意見不一致。

I disagree with you about this thing.

對于這件事我跟你意見不同。

（2） sth disagree with sb（尤指食物對某人）不適宜；

使人不舒服

Ice cream always disagrees with me.

我吃了冰淇淋總是感到不舒服。

Do these dishes agree with you？

這些菜合你的口味嗎？

（3） disagree with sth 不贊成；反對

I disagree with violent protests.

我不贊成暴力抗議。

These two reports of the accident disagree with each other.

這兩篇關于事故的報道不太一致。

3. recognise vt. 認識；認知；認出

（1） recognise sb / sth （by / from sth） 認識；認出；辨別出

I recognised her by her red hair.

我從她的紅頭發認出了她。

Do you recognise this tune？

你能聽出這是哪支曲子嗎？

（2） recognise sth as sth 承認；意識到

Drugs were not recognised as a serious problem at that time.

那時候還沒有把毒品看成一個嚴重問題。

（3） be recognised （as sth） 贊賞；看重；公認

The book is now recognised as a classic.

這本書現在是一部公認的經典。

（4） recognise that從句

We recognised that the task was difficult.

我們意識到這個任務很困難。

注意：“我認識你三年了。”不能翻譯為“I have recognised you for three years.”應把recognised改為known。

4. addict n. 對（藥物等）上癮的人；癮君子

He is a drug addict. 他是個吸毒成癮的人。

I remember you’re not a TV addict.

我記得你不是電視迷。

拓展：

addiction n. 癮；入迷

addictive adj. 使人上癮的

addicted adj. 上癮的；成癮的

become / be addicted to 對……上癮；沉迷于……

5. danger n. 危險

（1） 泛指一般意義的“危險”時，通常是不可數名詞。表示做某事的危險或發生某情況的危險等時，通常后接of （doing） sth， 而不接不定式。

Is there any danger of fire？ 有發生火災的危險嗎？

The children didn’t realize the danger of swimming in the river.

孩子們沒有意識到在河里游泳的危險。

注意：通常不說“...the danger to swim in the river.”

（2） in danger （of ） 處于（……的）危險中

The dog’s life is in danger. 這狗有生命危險。

He is in danger of losing his life. 他有生命危險。

We’re in danger of being hit by a stone.

我們有被石頭砸的危險。

（3） 表示“造成危險的原因、危險的人”，或指“威脅、危害”時，是可數名詞。

He is a danger to society. 他對社會是個危險人物。

Do you know the dangers of smoking？

你知道吸煙的危害嗎？

短語：out of danger 脫離危險

拓展：dangerous adj. 危險的

6. connection n. 聯系；關系；關聯；連接

（1） in connection with sb / sth 與……有關

He was arrested in connection with this affair.

他因與此事件有關而被拘留。

（2） connection with sth； connection between A and B

（兩種事實、觀念等的）聯系；關聯

He refused to admit any connection with the bombing.

他否認與那起轟炸事件有任何關系。

Scientists have established a connection between heart disease and food.

科學家證實心臟病與食物有關。

（3） connection to sth 聯結；接通；連接

Connection to the gas supply has been delayed for three days.

接通煤氣延遲了三天。

拓展：

connect vt. 連接；聯系；關聯

connect...with...（使）連接；聯結

connect...to... 使（電源、水等）聯結；接通

be connected with... 與……有聯系

7. likely adj. 可能的

（1） be likely to do... 很可能……

Tickets are likely to be expensive.

入場券可能很貴。

She is not likely to come next month.

她下月很可能不來。

（2） It’s likely that從句

It’s more than likely that the thieves don’t know how much it is worth.

盜賊很可能不知道此物的價值。

8. affect vt. 影響；對……有壞影響

（1） affect表示一般性的“影響”（不分好壞）

This article will affect my thinking.

這篇文章將會影響我的思想。

Does this change affect your plan？

這個變化影響了你的計劃嗎？

（2） affect也表示“產生不良影響”

Smoking affects health. 吸煙影響健康。

The noise from the street affected our work.

街上的嘈雜聲影響了我們的工作。

9. ban vt. n.（明令）禁止；取締

The government has banned the use of chemical weapons.

政府已經禁止使用化學武器。

There is a ban on smoking in the theatre.

這劇院內禁止吸煙。

ban sb from （doing） sth

He was banned from （attending） the meeting.

他被取消了出席會議的資格。

10. related to 有關系的；有關聯的

The traffic accident might be related to the rain at that time.

這起交通事故可能與那時的雨有關。

Sometimes， crime is related to drug abuse.

犯罪有時與濫用藥品有關。

拓展：

relate v. 聯系；敘述

relate...to... 把……與……聯系起來

relate... （to sb）（向某人）敘述

She relates her childhood experiences in the first chapters.

在開始的幾章中，她描述了自己童年的經歷。

relate to sth / sb 涉及；談到；與……相關

The second paragraph relates to the situation in England.

第二段談到英格蘭形勢。

11. break into 破門而入；強行闖入；突然開始

We had to break into the house because we had lost our key.

因為我們弄丟了鑰匙， 所以不得不破門而入。

She broke into tears when I told her the news.

當我告訴她那個消息時，她一下子哭起來。

拓展：

break in 闖入；打斷；插嘴

break down 出故障；壞掉；失敗

break out 突然開始；爆發

break up 粉碎；破碎；結束

12. belong to 屬于（不用于進行時和被動語態）

Where do these plates belong？ 這些盤子該放在哪里？

（1） belong to sb 屬于某人；歸某人所有

This watch belongs to me. 這塊表是我的。

（2） belong to sth 是……的成員；是（某族類或綱目）

的一部分

Have you ever belong to a political party？

你加入過什么政黨嗎？

Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.

獅子和老虎屬于貓科。

13. give up 戒除；放棄

They gave up without a fight. 他們不戰而降。

You ought to give up smoking. 你應該戒煙。

課后練（一）

Ⅰ. 選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

belongdangerdrugrelateinject

addictreduceaddictiveawfulattractive

1. Why is it that I find chocolate so ____ ？ I can’t help eating it.

2. The doctor is ____ the drug into my arm.

3. Airline personnel can buy air tickets at ____ prices.

4. I can’t go too often， because I’m a shopping ____ .

5. They regarded overpopulation as a（n） ____ to society.

6. All things are ____ to all other things.

7. The doctor gave my mother a new ____ for her headaches.

8. The final victory always ____ to the people.

Ⅱ. 句子翻譯

1. 這一地區的犯罪都與毒品有關。

2. 這人死于一次交通事故。

3. 你現在應該聽父母的意見，努力學習。

4. 孩子們每次過這條馬路都面臨著生命危險。

Ⅲ. 單項選擇

1. Unfortunately， someone broke ___ her house and stole all the money.

A. inB. into

C. outD. away

2. Drugs mean death， so don’t become ___ drugs.

A. addicted toB. addictive to

C. addicted withD. addictive with

3. Since then the number of people stopping smoking ___ 10%.

A. reduced toB. has reduced to

C. reduced byD. has reduced by

4. That’s not our house. It belongs to ___ .

A. the TurnersB. Turners

C. the Turners’D. the Turner’s

5. Mary ___ short her talk in order to get home early.

A. cutB. contracted

C. gotD. reduced

6. The operation was not successful， so now the patient is still ___ .

A. in dangerB. out of danger

C. in the dangerD. out of the danger

7. It was a pity that the great writer died ___ his works unfinished.

A. withB. for

C. fromD. of

8. — Today is sunny！ Shall we have a picnic？

— ___ . I like picnic very much.

A. I’m glad to hear thatB. I think so

C. I couldn’t agree moreD. I’d like to take your advice

9. Why don’t you try ___ drugs and be a free man again？

A. to stop takingB. to stop to take

C. stopping takingD. stopping to take

10. All know that USA ___ the super countries.

A. is belonged toB. is belonging to

C. belongs toD. belong to

Ⅳ. 閱讀理解

Many children act in TV shows. They work several hours every day， so they can’t go to a regular school. How do they get an education？

In Hollywood， about forty teachers give lessons to the children in the shows. The teacher’s job is very important. She is responsible（負責）for making sure that the children work only the permitted hours each week. She is also responsible for making sure that the children learn the required subjects. She makes sure， too， that the children get enough rest， play， and education.

Child actors are required to attend classes twenty hours each week. California law says that they must be taught from September to the middle of June. If they don’t get good scores in school， they are not permitted to continue working in TV shows.

TV children are usually good pupils， and most of them say they like acting and they are even addicted to acting.

Most of their teachers like acting — this special kind of work. Their classes are held in many interesting places. Sometimes the “classroom” is a Mississippi riverboat. Sometimes it is the inside of a spaceship.

1. What must the TV children do？

A. Attend classes.

B. Go to a regular school.

C. Sing in TV shows.

D. They must get high scores in school.

2. What do the teachers do besides teaching？

A. Make sure that the children don’t overwork.

B. Make sure that the children are acting in some important shows.

C. Make sure that the children have rest and play.

D. Make sure that the children receive education.

3. How many hours do TV children have classes each week？

A. 40.B. 10.

C. 30.D. 20.

4. If they fail in the required subjects， TV children ___ .

A. will be allowed to study for another year

B. will be taught from September to the middle of June

C. will go to a regular school

D. will not be allowed to work in TV shows any longer

5. What does this passage mainly talk about？

A. Child actors on TV.

B. How pupils become TV children.

C. A special school on TV.

D. The education of TV children.

課后練（二）

Ⅰ. 選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

powerfulillegalcriminalcrimenearby

anxiousconnectnormalburglarybreak

1. They committed many horrible ____ against the people.

2. A prison is a place for punishing ____ .

3. ____ nations sometimes want to control the weak ones.

4. I bought some new locks as an insurance against ____ .

5. A basketball match will be held ____ ， not far away.

6. The car computer is ____ by radio to a computer in head—quarters.

7. Have you ever been addicted to a drug or taken drugs ____ without permission？

8. We had to ____ into the house as we had lost the key.

Ⅱ. 句子翻譯

1. 為了看得更清楚，這個老人戴上他的眼鏡。

2. 小偷闖入辦公室偷了一些錢。

3. 他因一天抽二十根煙而患上了肝癌。

4. 我們要怎么辦才能不讓她知道那條消息？

Ⅲ. 單項選擇

1. ___ late in the morning， Bob turned off the alarm.

A. To sleepB. Sleep

C. SleepingD. Having sleep

2. Many animals have little connection with ___ animals of ___ different kind unless they kill them for food.

A. the； aB. the； the

C. / ； aD. / ； the

3. I study painting very hard ___ become a successful painter in the future.

A. soB. as

C. toD. for

4. ___ avoid the rush hour， I went to the bus stop early.

A. In order toB. So as to

C. So thatD. In order that

5. Mary kept watering the flower ___ let it die.

A. so not as toB. so as not to

C. so as to notD. not so as to

6. — I think your English is good， and his is worse than you.

— ___ His English is better than mine.

A. I couldn’t agree more. B. Are you serious？

C. I disagree with you.D. Oh， my God.

7. After twenty years abroad， Mr Wang came back only___ his hometown completely changed.

A. to findB. to finding

C. findingD. found

8. I love this singer， ___ I bought the ticket for her concert to see her.

A. becauseB. so

C. thoughD. but

9. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier， ___ it more difficult.

A. not to makeB. not making

C. not makeD. do not make

10. In Disneyland， every year， some 80，000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to ___ signs asking his“guest”not to step on them.

A. put offB. put out

C. put upD. put away

Ⅳ. 完形填空

Some years ago， a captain of a ship was interested in medicine.

One day a lazy sailor on his ship pretended to be ill. He 1 on his bed and groaned（呻吟）that he was very sick. The captain came to see him and was very 2 to have a patient to look after. He looked 3 his medical books and told the man to rest for a few days. Then the captain 4 the other sailors do his work.

The other sailors were very angry， 5 they had more work to do. The “patient” had the best food and 6 their friends when the captain was not there. At last a sailor decided to cure the “sick” man. He mixed up some soap and other 7 things. Then he got permission from the captain to give his medicine to the “sick” man. When the “sick” man tasted the medicine， it’s so 8 that he jumped out of his bed. He didn’t want this medicine any more.

The“doctor”told the“sick”man that he had to 9 the medicine every half an hour， night and day.

This soon cured the“sick”man. He said he felt 10 and wanted to start working again.

1. A. lieB. layC. lainD. lied

2. A. angryB. painfulC. pleasedD. anxious

3. A. toB. inC. forD. after

4. A. madeB. helpedC. watchedD. saw

5. A. thanks toB. so thatC. as a resultD. because

6. A. worked withB. stayed withC. laughed atD. looked at

7. A. rareB. dangerousC. unpleasantD. illegal

8. A. addictiveB. horribleC. powerfulD. unhealthy

9. A. takeB. eatC. drinkD. use

10. A. worseB. betterC. youngerD. older

課后練（三）

Ⅰ. 選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

horribletreatmentrarelylikelydisagree

illegaldangeradultaffectconnection

1. I strongly ____ with you！ You are absolutely wrong.

2. Weapon sale is a（n） ____ act in China.

3. How long will the ____ of the telephone take？

4. These groups should be given equal ____ .

5. The film is for ____ only. Please show me your ID card.

6. Eating and drinking too much is ____ to give one stomach trouble.

7. The amount of rain ____ the growth of crops.

8. I read their papers， but their ideas and their language were ____ childish.

Ⅱ. 句子翻譯

1. 她今晚很可能給我打電話。

2. 由于喝酒，他被禁止開車了。

3. 他跑得如此快，以至于沒人追得上他。

4. 小孩子總是與他們的父母意見不和。

Ⅲ. 單項選擇

1. In that area a lot of people died ___ hunger and cold.

A. ofB. for

C. fromD. off

2. The bad traffic strongly ___ my good mood.

A. effectedB. affected

C. influencedD. injured

3. Pop music is ___ an interesting kind of music ___ many people like it.

A. such； asB. such； that

C. so； asD. so； that

4. You have eaten ___ food！ Stop eating now！

A. so manyB. so much

C. such muchD. such many

5. The little boy saved every coin ___ he could buy his mother a present on Mother’s day.

A. so thatB. such that

C. thatD. so as to

6. She works ___ hard ___ catch up with others.

A. so； as toB. as； as to

C. so； toD. very； as to

7. Many people are still in ___ habit of writing silly things in ___ public places.

A. the； /B. /； /

C. /； theD. the； the

8. Young drivers are always careless and far more ___ to have accidents than older drivers.

A. probableB. possible

C. impossibleD. likely

9. We were in ___ that we forgot to take the airline tickets.

A. a rush so anxiousB. a such anxious rush

C. so an anxious rushD. such an anxious rush

10. I can see what you mean， even though I don’t ___ your point of view.

A. careB. agree

C. recogniseD. share

Ⅳ. 閱讀理解

“In 16 states in North America， drugs killed more people than the traffic accidents did”， the government said recently. Experts said that the surprising change showed two opposite trends （趨勢）： driving is becoming safer； the use of painkillers is getting more.

“People see a car accident as something that might happen to them.”said Margaret Warner， an epidemiologist（流行病學家）， “But maybe they see a death from a drug overdose（過量用藥）as something that won’t happen to them.”

“There has been a big change in how doctors prescribe drugs.” Banta Green， a research scientist from the University of Washington， said， “In the 1990s， doctors began recognising that patients who were suffering from some diseases could have been in need of more painkillers. The prescribing of painkillers rose after that. Today， about one in five American adults and one in ten teenagers are prescribed painkillers each year”.

Researchers counted more than 45，000 deaths nationwide from traffic accidents in 2010， and about 39，000 deaths which were caused by drugs. About 90 percent of those drug—related deaths were sudden deaths which were caused by overdoses， but the count also included people who died from organ damage from long—term drug use or abuse（濫用）. In Massachusetts， there were more than 1，000 drug—related deaths in 2010， double the number of traffic deaths， according to the report. Michigan had about 500 more drug deaths than traffic deaths， and New York had 350 more. All these above are so surprising to us！

1. From Margaret Warner’s words， we can learn that ___ .

A. traffic accidents kill more people than drugs do

B. people are not careful when they take drugs

C. traffic accidents are very common in America

D. a death from a drug overdose never happened before

2. According to Banta Green， why did doctors prescribe more painkillers？

A. Because they wanted to make more money.

B. Because more adults and teenagers wanted to buy painkillers.

C. Because they thought that some patients needed more painkillers.

D. Because a big change happened to how doctors prescribe drugs.

3. In Massachusetts， the number of traffic deaths in 2010 was about ___ .

A. 2，000B. 500

C. 1，000 D. 250

4. According to the passage， which of the following statements is true？

A. Driving is becoming more dangerous in some American states.

B. The prescribing of painkillers began to rise from the 1990s.

C. Few of the deaths which were caused by drugs were sudden deaths from overdoses.

D. America had 6，000 more deaths which were caused by drugs than those which were caused by traffic accidents in 2010.

課后練（四）

Ⅰ. 選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

joghorriblebandangerhate

recognisesimilardistractionparticipantaffect

1. I find it hard to study at home because there are too many ____.

2. The new government ____ all the illegal business again.

3. What a（n） ____ feeling！ I have to leave here right now！

4. All ____ in the race should give their names to the starter.

5. I ____ Tom as soon as he came into the room.

6. ____ is now very popular with middle—aged people.

7. A fireman has a（n） ____ way of life.

8. If a war broke out， many other countries will be ____ .

Ⅱ. 句子翻譯

1. 你的意見不會影響我的決定。

2. 他決定放棄工作，離開這兒。

3. 我借給你的那些書屬于我弟弟。

4. 我們把鑰匙丟了，只好破門而入。

Ⅲ. 單項選擇

1. — Why did you give up the job？

— I ___ a better job at Microsoft.

A. was being offeredB. was offered

C. am offeredD. offered

2. It is not rare in ___ that people in ___ fifties are going to university for further education.

A. 90s； /B. the 90s； /

C. 90s； theirD. the 90s； their

3. — Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.

— Well， you married one. ___

A. You should know.B. I’ve got it.

C. You name it.D. I can’t agree more.

4. Excuse me for breaking in， ___ I have some news for you.

A. soB. but

C. andD. yet

5. In the bus， the young should ___ their seats to the old.

A. give upB. give out

C. give inD. give away

6. — ___ this dictionary ___ you？

— Yes， it’s mine.

A. Does； belong toB. Is； belonging to

C. Was； belonged toD. Is； belonged to

7. Which door does this key ___ ？

A. relate toB. refer to

C. belong toD. connect with

8. — Oh， it’s you， Alice. I ___ you. You look much thinner than

before.

— Not surprising. I’m on a diet.

A. didn’t recogniseB. hadn’t recognised

C. haven’t recognisedD. don’t recognise

9. — Must I write down every word？

— Of course not. You ___ .

A. mustn’tB. shouldn’t

C. don’t have toD. needn’t to

10. He hurried home， only to find his house ___ .

A. broke intoB. breaking into

C. broken intoD. break into

Ⅳ. 完形填空

My name is Jim Shelley and I’m an addict. With these words I began to face the problem， the problem of my telephone addiction.

I used to call people 1 ， from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep. I 2 to be phoned. I wanted to phone. It seemed 3 ， just a quick talk. Gradually， the 4 got worse. Soon it was frequent use， finally， addiction. And it began to 5 my work. During the day I would disappear for a call. If I couldn’t make a call， I spent the whole time waiting for the phone to ring. Getting more and more 6 ， in the end， I would ring someone， then someone else， and told myself just one more call. I was phoning people and leaving messages to make sure that enough calls would see me 7 the day. I used to arrive at friends’ homes and before the door was closed， go straight for the phone with the words“Is it OK 8 I just use the phone...？” At work， I became mad when my fellow workers tried to 9 me from using the phone. And one day I hit my boss with the phone. Finally the police 10 me destroying a phone box that had taken my last one coin， and I was ordered to see a psychiatrist（心理醫生）.

1. A. sometimesB. all the timeC. some timeD. sometime

2. A. triedB. askedC. waitedD. invited

3. A. strangeB. importantC. fineD. crazy

4. A. addictionB. situationC. resultD. illness

5. A. stopB. effectC. influenceD. affect

6. A. angryB. anxiousC. excitedD. horrible

7. A. byB. offC. throughD. during

8. A. asB. whetherC. whenD. if

9. A. helpB. saveC. banD. stop

10. A. watchedB. caughtC. tookD. recognised