巧妙單選 教你會選

劉鵬

英語單項選擇題具有容量大、考查面廣的特點，設題靈活。同學們要做好這類試題，一要具備扎實的英語基礎知識；二要緊扣語言環境，抓住關鍵詞語；三要掌握一些做單項填空題的思路、方法和技巧。

一、尋找關鍵信息，作出準確判斷

試題的有關信息不一定在句子的表面，可能存在于某一個引人注目的單詞或句子里，所以應對此類試題首先細讀，吃透題干的意思，然后有針對性地捕捉關鍵的信息，作出準確判斷。

1. —Hey， Tina. ______ are you going for your vacation？

—Hmmm， I think Im going to Shanghai. （江西省）

A. How B. Where C. When D. Why

分析：此題的關鍵信息是答句中所提供的地點名詞“Shanghai”，因此答案應該是相對應的詢問地點的疑問副詞“Where”，故B是正確答案。

2. —Oh！ Whats the matter？

—Im really ______ all the time. I have no energy. （南昌市）

A. busy B. happy C. tired D. excited

分析：此題的關鍵信息是“have no energy”，“have no energy”對應的單詞是“tired”，因此答案是C。

3. —Hello， Sandy. This is Jack. What are you doing？

—Im watching a match. It started at 7 p.m. and ______ on for another half an hour. （武漢市）

A. has been B. was

C. had been D. will be

分析：此題的關鍵信息是“another”，如果沒有“another”這個單詞，那么答案應該是A。因為“another”意思是“另外的”，表將來，所以本題正確答案為D。

二、分類比較，注意區別

對于某些題目，如果僅從題干上分析，不一定能弄清楚其考查目。這時可以采用分類對比選項，結合題干意義，排除干擾選項的做法來選擇正確答案。

1. —Can you tell me how to make apple juice？

—Sure. Please watch carefully and you will see how it ______. （合肥市）

A. is made B. is making

C. makes D. will make

分析：對A、B、C、D四個選項進行比較，可以發現只有A是被動語態的形式，其他三個都是主動語態的形式。另外，這三個主動語態形式的選項填上去，在結構上不完整，缺少賓語，因此答案是A。

三、靈活運用，避免思維定勢

考題中有很多題目似曾相識，受思維定勢影響，大家很容易作出錯誤判斷。受練習過的題目影響，不少同學就會忽視新題與以前練過的不完全相同。

1. —Look at that model ship.

—I know， but it looks like a real one. Its just ______. （太原市）

A. small B. very small

C. smaller D. smallest

分析：不少同學容易受思維定勢的影響，認為比較級和最高級一般會列出兩者、三者或三者以上比較的人、東西或事情，而本題表面上看，沒有明顯的比較對象，考生容易誤選A。但根據上下文，可以看出是“that model ship”和“a real one”進行比較，故應使用比較級，答案為C。

四、把握語境，據意巧斷

語境一般指語段的上下文，也指語言文字以外的時間、地點、人物以及社會環境。因此，我們須充分利用所給的條件，吃透語境、句意，仔細分析，合理推斷，從而選出最佳答案。

1. —You dont look well. Youd better see the doctor.

—I ______. But the doctor said there was nothing serious. （石家莊市）

A. have B. am C. will D. was

分析：如果沒有語境提示，任意選項都行，但根據上文“Youd better see the doctor”和下文“But the doctor said there was nothing serious”，說明“已經去看過醫生了”，因此答案是A。

2. —What ______ do you have for Paul？

—I think he should study harder than before. （西安市）

A. news B. advice

C. help D. information

分析：這是一道考查語境的題，如果離開語境，就很難答對題目。根據答語“I think he should study harder than before”可以判斷這是一個建議，故答案應是B。

五、仔細鑒別，逐個排除

所提供的四個選項似是而非，難于選擇。這時應排除錯誤比較明顯的選項，然后把注意力集中到難以確定的選項中去，經過分析、篩選，認真推敲，得出最佳答案。

1. —What do you think of Lucys birthday party？

—______. I hope I can have such a party too. （南京市）

A. Just so so B. Boring

C. Terrible D. Wonderful

分析：根據下文“I hope I can have such a party too”可以把選項A、B、C排除。因此答案是D。

2. —I prefer to eat cakes that have cream on top.

—______！ They are delicious. （上海市）

A. Good luck B. Me too

C. I hope so D. Youre kidding

分析：把四個選項的答案分別放入句中，結合上下文，可以把A、C、D三個選項排除，得出正確答案是B。

【模擬練習】

請閱讀下面各小題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

1. —You look worried. Whats your ______？

—I have trouble learning English.

A. name B. question

C. problem D. job

2. Dont do any other things while you are doing your homework. So please ______ your MP3.

A. turn up B. turn down

C. turn on D. turn off

3. —Which of the two T-shirts will you take？

—Ill take ______， one for my brother， the other for myself.

A. either B. neither C. all D. both

4. Go along the street. The museum is just on your right. You cant ______ it.

A. make B. find C. miss D. fail

5. —Do you know ______ the man with sunglasses is？

—Im not sure. Maybe a reporter.

A. who B. what C. where D. how

6. It ______ outside. Youd better take an umbrella with you.

A. rains B. is raining

C. rained D. has rained

7. —Could I borrow your bike？

—_____， but please return it by Saturday.

A. Im sorry B. Of course

C. Let me see D. No， thanks

8. —Susans parents have bought a large house with a beautiful garden.

—It ______ be very expensive. I never even dream about it.

A. must B. might

C. cant D. shouldnt

9. —How about the dishes？

—Fantastic！ Nothing tastes ______.

A. nice B. better

C. terrible D. worse

10. Help others whenever you can ______ youll make the world a nicer place to live.

A. and B. or C. unless D. but

11. —Can I help you？

—I bought this watch yesterday， but it ______ work.

A. wont B. didnt

C. doesnt D. wouldnt

12. —I cant go with you today. There will be a test tomorrow.

—______. Maybe next time.

A. It doesnt matter B. My pleasure C. I dont think so D. Sorry to hear that

13. —Why did you buy a radio？

—______ English.

A. Learn B. Learning

C. To learn D. Be learning

14. —I didnt know you take a bus to school.

—Oh， I _____ take a bus， but it is snowing today.

A. hardly B. never

C. sometimes D. usually

15. I ______ to get there before seven tomorrow， so Ill have to get up early.

A. told B. have told

C. will tell D. was told

16. If the traffic light is red， you ______ cross the road. Its very dangerous.

A. dont B. mustnt

C. neednt D. wouldnt

17. —Why not go to the Great Wall this Saturday？

—Im afraid its not a good ______. Many of us have been there.

A. place B. day C. plan D. idea

18. Jack is afraid of flying. He feels ______ before he gets on the plane.

A. surprised B. excited

C. proud D. nervous

19. —Have you heard the latest news？

—No， what ______？

A. is it B. is there

C. are they D. are those

20. I ______ to Cape Town so I know nothing about it.

A. dont travel B. wont travel

C. havent traveled D. hadnt traveled

21. —What a hot day！ How about going swimming after school？

—______！ Lets ask Daniel to go with us.

A. Thats OK B. No problem

C. Good luck D. Sounds great

22. Were going to the bookstore. You can come with us ______ you can meet us there later.

A. and B. but C. or D. then

23. —Nancy is not coming to the party tonight.

—But she ______ me shed love to.

A. tells B. told

C. had told D. is telling

24. —Do you know ______ the Smiths left Shanghai？

—Im not sure. I only remember it was a Sunday.

A. if B. when C. how D. why

25. ______ more information about the trip， you can go to www.jxtour.com.

A. Find B. Finding

C. To find D. Found

26. —Lets go to the new restaurant on 24th Street for dinner tonight.

—We can cook it at home. Its ______.

A. expensive B. more expensive

C. less expensive D. the most expensive

27. Dont ______ too late， or youll feel tired in tomorrows classes.

A. stay up B. wake up

C. get up D. give up

28. —May I have a glass of beer， please？

—Beer？ Sorry， theres ______ left， but would you like some juice instead？

A. none B. something

C. no one D. nothing

29. —How many cakes can I have， Mum？

—None， dear. They ____ for your father.

A. prepare B. prepared

C. have prepared D. were prepared

30. —Im going back to see my parents this afternoon.

—______.

A. Its very nice of you

B. Youd better hurry

C. Say goodbye to them

D. Give my best wishes to them

31. —It looks like a television. Do you think so？

—Yes， I ______.

A. understand B. know

C. mean D. agree

32. —I dont know how to use this machine.

—It doesnt matter. Here is the ______.

A. instruction B. direction

C. information D. advertisement

33. —Are you going to Beijing by plane？

—Its expensive， but fast. So I am not sure. I ______ take a train.

A. should B. may C. must D. will

34. —What a hot day！ Have you had a drink？

—Yes. But Id like to have ______ after work.

A. it B. one C. other D. another

35. —Do you remember___he came here？

—Of course I do. His father drove him here.

A. whether B. when C. how D. why

36. —I knocked into a tree when I went to the railway station for my friend.

—I suppose you ______ too fast.

A. drive B. are driving

C. drove D. were driving

37. —______ the socks， Jim. You shouldnt throw them everywhere.

—OK， Mom.

A. Take out B. Take off

C. Try on D. Put away

38. —What should I do， doctor？

—______ healthy， you should take more exercise.

A. Keep B. Keeping

C. To keep D. Having kept

39. —Oh， Marys not here these days. Is she ill？

—______. Her parents told me that she was in hospital.

A. I am afraid so B. I hope not

C. I dont mind D. I dont think so

40. —Nancy， how long does it take to fly to Canada？

—Sorry， I dont know. But I can telephone my father to ______ it for you.

A. do B. check C. catch D. find