院士風采

郭慕孫1920.05.09～2012.11.20

化學工程學家。廣東潮州人。1943年畢業于滬江大學化學系。1947年獲美國普林斯頓大學碩士學位。中國科學院化工冶金研究所研究員、所長、名譽所長。早年發現液—固和氣—固兩種截然不同的流態化現象，分別命名為“散式”和“聚式”流態化，現已定為工程化學術語。后將散式流態化理想化，提出了描述流體和顆粒兩相流最簡單的“廣義流態化理論”，可適用于顆粒物料的受阻沉降、浸取和洗滌、移動床輸運等工藝。對氣體和顆粒的聚式流態化，于50年代即指出其接觸差、能耗高的缺點，相繼研究稀相、快速、淺床等其他流態化方法，逐步形成無氣泡接觸體系理論，上述理論已多次應用于金屬提取等資源開發。1982年和1990年兩次獲國家自然科學二等獎，1989年于加拿大獲國際流態化成就獎。

1980年當選為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Chemical engineering expert. Born in Chaozhou Guangdong Province. Graduated from University of Shanghai in 1943 and MS in chemical engineering from Princeton University, USA in 1947. Research professor, director and emeritus director, Institute of Chemical Metallurgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Guo discovered in his early career two types of different phenomena for liquid-solid and gas-solid fluidization, viz, “particulate” and “aggregative” , respectively, which have become accepted designations in chemical engineering. Later, he idealized and developed the “particulate” phenomenon into “generalized fluidization”, a methodology which finds application in hindered sedimentation, leaching and washing, moving-bed transport, etc.. He pointed out in the 1950s the poor gas-solid contraction for “aggregative” fluidization and studied in succession dilute-phase fluidization, fast fluidization, shallow fluidized beds and other alternate modes of gas-solid fluidization, resulting in the system of “bubbleless gas-solid contractin”. The above studies have been used in the extractive metallurgy of metals and other resources utilization. He was given two second class prizes of the National Natural Science Award and an International Fluidization Award of Achievement in Banff, Canada in 1989.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

化學家。女。浙江蕭山人。1944年畢業于上海交通大學化學系。1951年獲美國紐約大學碩士學位。北京大學教授。長期致力于分析化學的教學和研究。專長點分析化學和極譜催化波以及環保大氣污染檢測儀的研制。在極譜催化波的理論與應用方面從事了大量工作，在國內起了積極促進作用，形成了極譜分析的某些特色。后又開創了稀土極譜絡合吸附波分析方法，總結在專著《極譜催化波》一書中。方法應用于稀土農用的植物生理功能研究中，獲得可喜成果。

1980年當選為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Chemist. Female. Born in Xiaoshan, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1944. Received M.Sc.from New York University, USA in 1951.Professor, Peking University.

Gao has devoted herself to the study and teaching of analytical chemistry. She is specialized in electroanalitical chemistry and polarographic catalytic waves as well as the development of instruments for the monitoring of atmospheric pollution. She did a great deal of work in the development of the theory of polarographic catalytic waves which is summed up in her monograph “Polarographic Catalytic Waves”. Recently, she developed the method of absorptive polarographic complex waves for the analysis of rare earth elements, which has been used in the study of physiological function of rare earth in plants and remarkable success has been achieved.

She was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

高鴻1918.06.26～

化學家。陜西涇陽人。1943年畢業于國立中央大學化學系。1947年獲美國伊利諾大學博士學位。南京大學終身教授，西北大學終身教授。長期從事電分析化學基礎理論、新方法、新技術的研究，特別是極譜分析基礎理論研究。在懸汞電極研究方面，提出了汞齊電極擴散電流理論，金屬在汞中擴散系數測定方法與金屬在汞中的擴散公式等。對極譜學各分支的各種電機過程導出電流方程式并進行了實驗驗證，澄清了一些爭論的問題。系統地研究和發展了示波分析方法，開辟了一個分析化學的新領域。

1980年當選為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Chemist. Born in Jingyang, Shanxi Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, National Central University in 1943 and received Ph. D. from the University of Illinois, USA in 1947. Lifelong professor, Nanjing University and Northwest University.

Guo has long been engaged in the research of basic theory, new methods and new technologies of electrochemical analysis, especially in the study of the basic theory of polarography. In the study of hanging mercury electrode, he developed the diffusion current theory of amalgam electrode, the determination method of diffusion coefficient of metal in mercury an equation of diffusion of metals in mercury. He deduced electric current equations for various electrode processes of different polarographic methods and all these equations were proved by experiments. He clarified some debates in this field. He also studied systematically the oscillographic analytical methods and opened up oscillographic analysis, a new field of analytical chemistry.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

郭燮賢1925.02.09～1998.06.04

化學家。浙江杭州人。1946年畢業于重慶兵工大學應用化學系。中國科學院大連化學物理研究所研究員、催化基礎國家重點實驗室學術委員會主任。早年完成了合成汽油制甲苯催化劑研制和工業化試驗。推導論證化學吸附與催化反應之間的聯系，發表《化學吸附覆蓋度與動力學關系》和《合成氨反應速度與氮、氫、吸附的關系》等論文；參與并協助領導了合成氨原料氣凈化新流程三種催化劑的研制和工業化試驗，獲得成功。在發展天然氣及含烯混合氣的蒸汽重整催化劑、多金屬重整及坦載金屬等催化劑的研制任務中，多有建樹。后在探討烴類催化轉化反應機理、催化劑金屬—載體相互作用、在小分子的吸附態和吸附、脫附動力學等基礎研究工作中均有成果。

1980年當選為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Chemist. Born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from the Department of Applied Chemistry, Chongqing University of Military Engineering in 1946. Research professor, Dalian Institute of Physical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and director, Academic Committee of the State Key Laboratory of Catalysis.

In his early years, Guo completed the study on catalysts for the preparation of toluene from synthetic gasoline and its industrialization experiments. He deduced and proved the relationship between chemical absorption and catalyzed reaction and published some valuable papers, such as “The Relationship Between Coverage of Chemical Absorption and Dynamics”, “The Relationship Between the Reactive Rate in Ammonia Synthesis and the Absorption of Nitrogen and Hydrogen” and so on. He participated, led and succeeded in the research on 3 catalysts used for the purification of gases for ammonia synthesis and the pilot tests. He creatively developed steam reforming catalysts for natural gas and olefin-containing gases, multimetal reforming catalysts and supported catalysts. In the last 10 years, he did some basic research and the mechanism of catalyzed conversion of hydrocarbons, interaction between catalytic metals and supporters, aboroption state and absorption of small molecules and the dynamics of desorption, obtaining noticeable results.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.