金鐵鎖地上部分化學(xué)成分研究

文 波，李 博，沈云亨*

1福建中醫(yī)藥大學(xué) 藥學(xué)院，福州 350108;2中國人民解放軍第二軍醫(yī)大學(xué) 藥學(xué)院 天然藥物化學(xué)教研室，上海 200433

Introduction

Psammosilene tunicoides W.C.Wu et C.Y.Wu is the only species in the genus Psammosilene growing in Sichuan，Yunnan，Tibet and Guizhou provinces of China.As a Yunnan folk medicine，it has been long used for stopping bleeding，relieving pain and promoting blood circulation［1］.The crude saponins obtained from this plant exhibited relieving pain，anti-inflammation and regulating the immune function［2］.In searching for bioactive constituents from this plant，several kinds of compounds have been reported from the roots of this plant，including triterpenoid saponins，cyclic peptides，and carboline alkaloids［3］.To our best knowledge，however，the chemical investigation of the aerial parts of P.tunicoides had not yet been investigated.In this study，the isolation and structural elucidation of 11 known compounds from the ethanol extract of the aerial parts of P.tunicoides are presented.All compounds were isolated from P.tunicoides for the first time.

Experimental

General experimental procedures

NMR spectral data were recorded on Bruker Avance 500 and 600 MHz NMR spectrometers.Chemical shifts were recorded as δ values.The ESI-MS data were acquired on an Agilent-1100-LC/MSD-Trap-XCT mass spectrometer (Agilent，USA).TLC was done on precoated silica gel 254 plates (Huanghai，0.15-0.20 mm thick for TLC analysis，0.40-0.50 mm thick for preparative TLC).Column chromatography was performed using silica gel (200-300 mesh and 100-200 mesh)(Huiyou Silica Gel Development Co.Ltd，Yantai，P.R.China)，RP-C18(GHODS AQ 12S50，Japan)and Sephadex LH-20 (GE Healthcare Bio-Science AB，Sweden).

Plant materials

The aerial parts of P.tunicoides were collected in Lijiang，Yunnan province，China，in July 2006 and identified by Prof.Li-Shan Xie，Kunming Institute of Botany，the Chinese Academy of Sciences，China.The voucher specimen (No.2006071015)was deposited with the Herbarium of the School of Pharmacy，Second Military Medical University.

Extraction and isolation

The aerial parts of P.tunicoides (13 kg)was macerated and repeatedly extracted with 80% ethanol.The combined extracts were subjected to silica gel column chromatography eluted with petroleum ether，CH2Cl2，EtOAc，and MeOH，and resulting in four fractions，respectively.The MeOH extract (813.5 g)was separated by silica gel column chromatography eluted with EtOAc-MeOH (20∶1-1∶1)and re-crystallizated to afford compound 1 (115.3 mg).The EtOAc extract (88 g)was separated into seven fractions (A-E)by CC(ODS，MeOH∶H2O 1 ∶9-1 ∶0).Fr.B (22.5 g)was separated over silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether:EtOAc:MeOH 3∶3∶0-3∶3∶2;then Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography (MeOH)to yield compounds 2 (8.1 mg)，3 (3.4 mg)，4 (4.7 mg)，5(7.2 mg)，6 (10.5 mg)，7 (7.3 mg)，8 (13.9 mg)，9 (15.2 mg)，10 (17.3 mg)，11 (740.8 mg).Fr.C(9.5 g)was purified onto a silica gel column chromatography eluted with CHCl3∶MeOH (100∶1-5∶1)and followed Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography(MeOH)to yield 12 (22.8 mg)，13 (6.9 mg).

Structural identification

Compound 1 C6H6O3;White solid;ESI-MS m/z 149［M+Na］+;1H NMR (CD3OD，500 MHz)δH:7.95(1H，d，J=5.5 Hz，H-5)，6.41 (1H，d，J=5.5 Hz，H-6)，2.36 (3H，s);13C NMR (CD3OD，125 MHz)δC:152.2 (C-2)，144.6 (C-3)，175.3 (C-4)，114.4 (C-5)，156.3 (C-6)，14.4 (C-7).The NMR data was consistent with the data reported in literature［4］.Hence，compound 1 was identified as maltol.

Compound 2 C6H6N2O;white solid;ESI-MS m/z 145［M+Na］+;1H NMR (CD3OD，600 MHz)δH:9.03 (1H，br，H-2)，8.70 (1H，br，H-6)，8.27 (1H，m，H-4)，7.54 (1H，dd，J=8.0，4.9 Hz，H-5);13C NMR (CD3OD，150 MHz)δC:152.8 (C-2)，131.5(C-3)，137.3 (C-4)，125.1 (C-5)，149.5 (C-6)，169.8 (3-CONH2).The NMR data was identical with the data reported in literature［5］.Therefore，compound 2 was identified as nicotinamide.

Compound 3 C9H12N2O6;yellow oil;ESI-MS m/z 267 ［M+Na］+，511 ［2M+Na］+，487 ［2MH］-;1H NMR (CD3OD，600 MHz)δH:7.88 (1H，d，J=8.1 Hz，H-6)，5.87 (1H，d，J=4.6 Hz，H-1')，5.85 (1H，d，J=8.1 Hz，H-5)，4.27 (1H，t，J=5.0 Hz，H-2')，4.18 (1H，t，J=5.3 Hz，H-3')，4.08(1H，m，H-4')，3.87 (1H，dd，J=12.7，2.9 Hz，H-5(a)，3.77 (1H，dd，J=12.7，4.1 Hz，H-5(b);13C NMR (CD3OD，150 MHz)δC:152.5 (C-2)，166.9(C-4)，103.1 (C-5)，142.7 (C-6)，90.4 (C-1)，70.5 (C-2')，74.8 (C-3')，85.4 (C-4')，61.8 (C-5').The NMR data was in agreement with the data reported in literature［6］and determined compound 3 as uridine.

Compound 4 C9H12N2O5;colorless solid;ESI-MS m/z 251［M+Na］+;1H NMR (CD3OD，500 MHz)δH:7.97 (1H，d，J=8.1 Hz，H-6)，6.26 (1H，t，J=6.6 Hz，H-1')，5.68 (1H，d，J=8.1 Hz，H-5).4.37 (1H，m，H-4')，3.93 (1H，m，H-3')，3.77(1H，d，J=12.0 Hz，H-5(a)，3.71 (1H，d，J=12.0Hz，H-5(b)，2.28 (1H，m，H-2(a)，2.18 (1H，m，H-2(b);13C NMR (CD3OD，125 MHz)δC:152.2(C-2)，166.3 (C-4)，102.6 (C-5)，142.5 (C-6)，88.9 (C-1')，41.4 (C-2')，72.3 (C-3')，86.6 (C-4')，62.8 (C-5').Compound 4 was identified as deoxyuridine by comparison with the spectra data reported in literature［7］.

Compound 5 C10H14N2O6;colorless solid;ESI-MS m/z 281 ［M+Na］+，257 ［M-H］-，515 ［2MH］-;1H NMR (CD3OD，500 MHz)δH:7.85 (1H，s，H-6)，5.90 (1H，d，J=4.5 Hz，H-1')，4.16 (1H，m，H-2')，3.99 (2H，m，H-3(，H-4')，3.84 (1H，dd，J=12.3，2.7 Hz，H-5(a)，3.77 (1H，dd，J=12.3，3.0 Hz，H-5(b)，1.98 (3H，s).13C NMR(CD3OD，125 MHz)δC:152.5 (C-2)，166.5 (C-4)，111.5 (C-5)，138.4 (C-6)，90.4 (C-1')，71.3 (C-2')，75.5 (C-3')，86.3 (C-4')，62.3 (C-5')，12.4(5-CH3).The above data was identical with the data reported in literature［8］.Consequently，compound 5 was identified as thymidine.

Compound 6 C10H14N2O5;white crystal (MeOH);ESI-MS m/z 265 ［M+Na］+，507 ［2M+Na］+，241［M-H］-，483 ［2M-H］-;1H NMR (CD3OD，500 MHz)δH:7.67 (1H，s，H-6)，6.28 (1H，t，J=6.8 Hz，H-1')，4.46 (1H，m，H-4')，4.00 (1H，m，H-3')，3.83 (1H，dd，J=12.4，3.5 Hz，H-5(a)，3.76(1H，dd，J=12.5，4.8 Hz，H-5(b)，2.36 (2H，m，H-2')，1.89 (3H，s，CH3);13C NMR (CD3OD，125 MHz)δC:152.6 (C-2)，167.4 (C-4)，112.3 (C-5)，138.4 (C-6)，87.6 (C-1')，39.7 (C-2')，71.5 (C-3')，86.0 (C-4')，62.2 (C-5')，12.5 (5-CH3).The NMR data was in accordance with the data reported in literature［9］，and identified as deoxythymidine.

Compound 7 C4H4N2O2;colorless solid;ESI-MS m/z 135［M+Na］+;1H NMR (CD3OD，500 MHz)δH:7.40 (1H，d，J=7.7 Hz，H-6)，5.42 (1H，d，J=7.7 Hz，H-5);13C NMR (CD3OD，125 MHz)δC:152.0 (C-2)，142.7 (C-4)，100.7 (C-5)，164.8(C-6).By comparison the NMR data with the data reported in literature［8］，compound 7 was identified as uracil.

Compound 8 C13H18O6;colorless oil;ESI-MS m/z 293 ［M+Na］+，563 ［2M+Na］+，539 ［2MH］-;1H NMR(CD3OD，500 MHz)δH:7.27 (2H，d，J=8.4 Hz，H-2，H-6)，7.02 (2H，d，J=8.4 Hz，H-3，H-5)，5.40 (1H，d，J=2.0 Hz，H-1')，4.52(2H，s，H-7)，3.96 (1H，m，H-2')，3.82 (1H，m，H-3')，3.62 (1H，dq，J=12.4，6.2 Hz，H-5')，3.44(1H，t，J=9.5 Hz，H-4')，1.20 (3H，d，J=6.2 Hz，H-6').13C NMR (CD3OD，125 MHz)δC:157.1(C-1)，129.5 (C-2，C-6)，117.4 (C-3，C-5)，136.4(C-4)，64.8 (C-7)，99.8 (C-1')，72.1 (C-2')，72.2(C-3')，73.8 (C-4')，70.6 (C-5')，18.0 (C-6').Comparing NMR data with the data reported in literature［9］，compound 8 was identified as 1-O-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)α-L-rhamnopyranoside.

Compound 9 C13H18O6;colorless oil;ESI-MS m/z 293［M+Na］+，563［2M+Na］+，269［M-H］-，539［2M-H］-;1H NMR (CD3OD，500 MHz)δH:7.40(2H，m，H-3，H-5)，7.30 (3H，m，H-2，H-4，H-6)，4.92 (1H，d，J=11.8 Hz，H-7a)，4.65 (1H，d，J=11.8 Hz，H-7b)，4.34 (1H，d，J=7.7 Hz，H-1')，3.88 (1H，dd，J=11.9，2.0 Hz，H-6(a)，3.67(1H，dd，J=11.7，5.3 Hz，H-6(b).3.20-3.31(4H，m，H-2 (，H-3 (，H-4 (，H-5');13C NMR(CD3OD，125 MHz)δC:138.9 (C-1)，129.0 (C-2，C-6)，129.1 (C-3，C-5)，128.5 (C-4)，103.1 (C-1')，74.9 (C-2')，77.9 (C-3')，71.5 (C-4')，77.9(C-5')，62.6 (C-6').The above data was consistent with the data reported in literature［10］.Hence，compound 9 was identified as benzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside.

Compound 10 C19H30O7;colorless oil;ESI-MS m/z 393［M+Na］+，763［2M+Na］+，369［M-H］-，739［2M-H］-;1H NMR (CD3OD，500 MHz)δH:5.87(1H，s，H-4)，5.76 (1H，dd，J=14.9，3.5 Hz，H-8)，5.58 (1H，m，H-7)，4.39 (2H，m，H-9，H-1')，3.81 (1H，d，J=11.8 Hz，H-6(a)，3.64(1H，m，H-6(b)，3.29 (2H，m，H-4(，H-5')，3.18 (2H，m，H-2(，H-3')，2.66 (1H，d，J=8.6 Hz，H-6)，2.42(1H，d，J=16.7 Hz，H-2a)，2.03 (1H，d，J=16.9 Hz，H-2b)，1.93 (3H，s，H-13)，1.28 (3H，d，J=6.3 Hz，H-10)，1.00 (6H，m，H-11，H-12).13C NMR(CD3OD，125 MHz)δC:37.1 (C-1)，48.2 (C-2)，201.9 (C-3)，126.1 (C-4)，165.8 (C-5)，56.7 (C-6)，128.8 (C-7)，138.2 (C-8)，76.9 (C-9)，21.0(C-10)，27.6 (C-11)，28.0 (C-12)，23.8 (C-13)，102.4 (C-1')，75.2 (C-2')，78.0 (C-3')，71.4 (C-4')，77.9 (C-5')，62.6 (C-6').The above data was in accordance with the data reported in literature［11］.Consequently，compound 10 was identified as (6R，9R)-3-oxo-α-ionol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside.

Compound 11 C29H44O7;white solid;ESI-MS m/z 527［M+Na］+，503 ［M-H］-;1H NMR (C5D5N，500 MHz)δH:6.27 (1H，d，J=2.3 Hz，H-7)，4.49(1H，dd，J=11.3，2.6 Hz，H-22)，4.25 (1H，s，H-3)，4.18 (1H，d，J=10.2 Hz，H-2)，3.60(1H，m，H-9)，3.01 (2H，m，H-5，H-17)，2.66 (1H，td，J=12.9，4.7 Hz，H-15a)，2.45 (1H，dd，J=20.8，10.2 Hz，H-16a)，2.26-2.13 (3H，m，H-1a，H-15b，H-25)，2.06 (3H，ddd，J=13.8，11.3，8.3 Hz，H-4a，H-16b，H-23a)，1.94 (4H，m，H-1b，H-11a，H-12，H-23b)，1.75 (2H，ddd，J=18.1，17.2，9.9 Hz，H-4b，H-11b)，1.50 (3H，s，H-21)，1.40(2H，m，H-24，H-241a)，1.31 (3H，m，H-27)，1.16(3H，s，H-18)，1.09 (3H，s，H-19)，1.05(1H，m，H-241b)，0.71(3H，t，J=7.4 Hz，H-242);13C NMR (C5D5N，125 MHz)δC:38.4 (C-1)，68.5 (C-2)，68.4 (C-3)，32.2 (C-4)，51.3 (C-5)，203.2 (C-6)，121.6 (C-7)，165.6 (C-8)，34.1 (C-9)，38.4 (C-10)，20.8(C-11)，31.7 (C-12)，47.7 (C-13)，83.9 (C-14)，31.5 (C-15)，21.2 (C-16)，49.7 (C-17)，17.8 (C-18)，24.2 (C-19)，75.5 (C-20)，21.2 (C-21)，85.7(C-22)，29.4 (C-23)，39.9 (C-24)，41.2 (C-25)，174.4 (C-26)，15.5 (C-27)，26.4 (C-241)，10.0(C-242).The NMR data was consistent with the data reported in literature［12］.Hence，compound 11 was identified as capitasterone.

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