“最愛重慶地鐵”的南美設計師

□ 文/本刊記者 李靜

來自智利的沙海銘

發展迅速的重慶，吸引了大量國外的設計師來尋找機會，沙海銘便是其中的一位。來自智利的他有著南美人的熱情與開朗，卻也不乏作為一名設計師應有的穩重與細致。沙海銘現在在國外一個設計公司工作，并負責公司在重慶地區事務的管理。談到與重慶的故事，沙海銘更像是在講述與一位老朋友的交情一樣，倍感親切與快樂。

2010年，沙海銘來到重慶大學攻讀工程設計研究生，“來重慶以前我就在網上搜索關于這座城市的一切，‘大城市’‘發展迅速’便是對它最多的描繪，這讓我也很興奮，之前的擔心似乎是多余了。”完成學業以后，沙海銘到北京工作，也許是冥冥之中的緣分，沙海銘所在的公司準備在重慶成立辦事處，讓他擔任總經理，于是，一年以后，他又回到了重慶。

參與重慶建設

沙海銘所在的公司從事城市規劃、綠色建筑及抗震工程設計，作為一名國外的設計師，在重慶工作對他來說是一個很大的挑戰。“公司現在正參與重慶在渝北區的一個設計項目，在當地建造一個北美生態農莊，這是一座典型的北美建筑，集休閑觀光農業為一體，以異國文化風貌為特色，建成以后重慶市民可以在這里享受天然農業，同時體驗美式鄉村文化。”他告訴記者，這個項目在當地有一個現成的稻田區，本身就是一個非常優良的觀景區，這也是一個極具吸引力的基礎設施開發項目，通過城市現有的條件進行再建設，不僅保留了原生態的東西，也可以看到創新的元素在里面。“對于國外設計師，寬泛的眼界、先進工業化進程的背景是我們的優勢，但如何將這些優勢與重慶的本土文化和施工條件及技術水平相結合是我們應該注意和關注的。”

沙海銘對能參與重慶本土的建設很激動，談話中帶著一絲驕傲：“重慶是一個瞬息萬變的城市，像一個在成長的青年小伙，不停地吸收著來自世界的養分，并蓄勢待發地準備承接未來最美好的輝煌。而作為來自國外的一名設計師，如果能在這樣的變化之中有一些正面貢獻的話，會感到非常的榮幸和自豪。我所在的設計公司能和重慶一起成長是讓我無比自豪的。”

雖然來自國外，沙海銘的中文卻非常好，在重大讀研究生時他就利用空余時間自學了大部分中文課程，為了提高自己的中文水平，他刻意與自己的中國朋友用中文對話，工作時也會時不時地與同事簡單交流一下。有時間會看看中國的電影和卡通片，鍛煉自己的聽力。

獻計重慶城市建設 最愛重慶地鐵

從事不同職業的人看一座城市都是不同的，對于沙海銘來說，走到哪里都會去注意這座城市的整體風貌和高樓的設計，“一座大樓，如果是政府性質的，會更注重它的社會效應；如果是私人投資設計，會更看重收益。近年來重慶發展很快，居住、商用樓的數量都在急劇增長，這是好事，城市需要這樣的發展速度和動力，但是也需要在質量上更好，進行從數量到質量追求的轉變。”

在沙海銘看來，重慶最有特色的地方就是包圍著這座城市，緩緩流淌的兩條江，“這是我在中國看到的唯一有著這樣兩條河的城市，非常漂亮，讓重慶變得更有靈性。”但是他也表示，重慶這樣的天然優勢應該得到更好地利用，河流與人之間的距離應該更親近才對。

沙海銘告訴記者，重慶有很多美麗的濱江路，但河濱被公路隔絕了，這樣隔開了市民與河流的距離，人性化不夠。像巴黎的塞納河，河流繞在城中，河岸就是草地或者公園，人們可以隨時到河邊休息，與河流親密接觸。

不可否認，重慶的人口密度更大，交通擁擠，濱江路也是為了緩解城市交通的壓力而建的。沙海銘表示，自己的家鄉智利人口密度也大，地形復雜，與重慶有點相似，“對于這樣的問題，我們采用了城市廣場與地下高速路結合的設計方法來解決，在高速路上建設了廣場與公園，利用公共空間填補縫隙，最終實現城市的重新接合。”沙海銘認為，一個好的設計可以為城市建設解決許多問題，就像重慶的地鐵，非常實用方便，每個站連接著城市的重要中心，同時沿著江修建，可以看到美麗的城市景色，把重慶的特色體現出來，又緩解交通壓力，非常有意義。

“萬花筒”一樣的城市

閑暇之時，沙海銘也喜歡去重慶的郊外踏青、泡溫泉，涪陵、四面山、南山、武隆都留下了他的足跡，他將武隆的天坑地縫照片發到網上與他的家人朋友分享，讓他們驚訝不已，都表示一定要來重慶親眼見識一下。“就是去過美國的黃石公園我也覺得沒有武隆這么漂亮。”沙海銘笑著說到。

說到重慶印象，沙海銘用中文說了一個詞——“萬花筒”。“重慶就像一個萬花筒，從不同的角度去看她就有不一樣的感覺，在不同的地區就會有不同的特色，重慶有著不同角度的美。”沙海銘喜歡拿著30年前重慶的照片和現在的重慶進行對比，也喜歡去瓷器口、大禮堂這樣有著古樸民族特色的地方參觀，琢磨它們的建筑風格，如果工作允許，他希望一直待在重慶，也為這座城市的建設獻上一份薄力。

Chilean Architect Loves Chongqing Subways

The rapid development of Chongqing has attracted a large number of foreign architects seeking opportunities. Chilean born Jaime Salazar is one of them. Although he has the South American passion, he is also very prudent and careful, as an architect should be. Mr. Salazar is now responsible for managing the Chongqing office of a foreign design company. When speaking about Chongqing, Mr. Salazar sounds more like he is talking about an old friend, with warm and happy feelings.

Mr. Salazar first came to Chongqing in 2010 as a graduate student to study engineering design. “Before coming to Chongqing, I searched the internet for information about the city. ‘Big city’ and ‘rapid development’ were the descriptive words used, which made me so excited.” After completing his studies, he moved to Beijing to work, but soon his company established an office in Chongqing and a year later he returned to serve as General Manager.

Participating in Chongqing Construction

His company specializes in designing sustainable architecture, urban planning and seismic engineering. Working in Chongqing is a big challenge for him, as a foreign architect. “Right now our company is creating modern North American eco-friendly agriculture, products, sports and entertainment facilities where visitors can enjoy nature, agriculture and experience American style activities.” He told this reporter, currently there are rice fields surrounding lagoons, which have a very visible position in the landscape and offer an ideal opportunity to develop an attractive infrastructure.

We are reconstructing the city around its existing conditions, so not only the original elements can be retained, but new innovations can also be seen in it. “As foreign architects, a broad vision and advanced industrialization techniques are advantages for us, but how best to combine these advantages with the local culture and construction of Chongqing are challenges we must address and be concerned about.”

Mr. Salazar is excited to be able to participate in the construction of Chongqing. He told me humbly, “Chongqing is a city of dramatic changes, like a young boy, constantly absorbing nutrients from around the world and poised ready to undertake the next best glory. As a foreign architect, I would feel very honored and proud if I could make some positive contribution to the city. I’m proud that my company can grow with Chongqing.”

Suggestions for Chongqing Construction

People in different professions see a city from different perspectives. Mr. Salazar pays attention to the city’s overall style and design of its tall buildings. “If a building is built for government, they pay more attention to its social effects. If it is designed for private investment, they care more about the profits. Chongqing has been developing rapidly in recent years. There have been a great number of residential and commercial buildings added, which is good. A city needs to be developed with speed and power, but also needs to have better quality, transitioning from quantity to quality.”

The most unique feature about Chongqing, according to Mr. Salazar, is being surrounded by its two f l owing rivers. He suggested Chongqing should make better use of its natural advantages. The people should be able to have closer access to the rivers. Mr. Salazar told reporters that Chongqing has many beautiful river banks, but are isolated by roads, which separate the people from the rivers. This is unlike Paris, where the Seine River flows around the city, with many parks by the river banks for people to enjoy and relax.

Loves the Chongqing Subway the Most

The high population density and crowded traff i c of Chongqing cannot be denied. Although river roads reduce the traffic pressure, his hometown in Chile also had similar problems. “We solved our problems with a design combining city squares and underground high speed roads, using public places to give the people a place for a break and reconnect the city.” Mr. Salazar believes a good design can resolve many problems in urban construction. For example, the Chongqing Metro is very practical and convenient. Each line is connected to the downtown areas of the city and built along the rivers, where one can see the beautiful city views. It reflects the characteristics of Chongqing and reduces traff i c jams.

A City Like a Kaleidoscope

In his spare time, Mr. Salazar enjoys hiking and visiting hot springs. He has left his footprints in Fuling and Wulong. “I’ve seen Yellowstone National Park in the USA, but it is not as beautiful as the landscape in Wulong.” Mr. Salazar said with a smile.

Speaking of his impression of Chongqing, Mr.Salazar said, “Chongqing is like a kaleidoscope. You don’t feel the same from seeing different parts of the city. Different areas have different characteristics. Chongqing is a beauty from many different perspectives.” He hopes to stay in Chongqing and continue to make contributions to the construction of the cityy.