帕塔納畫廊，蘭實大學，巴吞他尼府，泰國

建筑設計：Studiomake

帕塔納畫廊，蘭實大學，巴吞他尼府，泰國

建筑設計：Studiomake

1 畫廊日景/Day view of gallery

2 畫廊夜景/Night view of gallery

距曼谷北部30分鐘車程的帕塔納畫廊為蘭實大學的建筑師、設計師和藝術家們提供了一個集中展示的場所。這座3層高的建筑占地550m2，矗立在校園已建成的9層高的藝術設計、建筑和數字藝術大樓面前，并與其在首層和三層相連。由于帕塔納畫廊作為主要干道通往現有的教室和講堂，所以設計行人動線以及環境互動的概念主導了設計過程。形式上，建筑猶如一座大型的圖像盒，一個學生作品和活動的容器。一條寬裕的戶外步道切入建筑，成了學生、教師、員工和參觀者的主要干道。玻璃表皮的畫廊空間（也有其他非正式的聚會空間）環繞在步道兩側，因此行人獲得了活力和美學的雙重體驗。建筑室內環境在空調和自然通風之間保持平衡，獲得自然通風并提供遮陽是首要的設計優選方式，因為設計者希望學生能在建筑的公共空間中休閑活動。

這些關于動線、通風和空間流動性的想法也預示了材料的選擇。建筑外圍輕盈地覆蓋著雙層粉末涂層鋼板表皮。幕墻表皮一面黑、一面白，伴隨著行人在空間中穿行，夸張地呈現出摩爾紋效果，隨行舞動。根據行人與建筑的關系（無論是地面層還是以上、直接或間接），這層表皮呈現出不同程度的透明性和色彩——時而黑、時而白、時而灰。

選擇鋼結構主要基于兩個原因——快速建造（業主要求的建設時間總計8個月）和輕盈的觀感。所有墻體由輕鋼構件組成，以進一步減少結構靜荷載。寬翼緣鋼結構賦有規律和韻律，強化了這個簡潔的容器的理念。橫向支撐結構隱藏在墻體中，只在樓梯部分暴露出來；上下穿越展示空間的主要流線在建筑中以一條對角線的方式布置。在這里，交叉支撐結構位于建筑表皮的邊緣并設計成樓梯梁。柱子上的跨距中結點是不可避免地受到現有建筑樓層空間影響的結果。設計者利用這些結點在二層的視線高度創造出一些小的視覺亮點，避免材料的浪費。

由于這棟建筑比相鄰的大樓矮得多，設計者將屋頂做為第5立面來考慮，并設計成展現獨有視覺特色的平臺。機械設備和管道系統被移到了建筑內部的其他位置，因此屋頂有空間容納一座寬敞的花園，原生態的野草從后張預應力混凝土板的屋面上冒了出來。春季，微風徐徐，花朵從屋頂飄落；夏季，灑水器讓人誤以為是在下雨。□（王靖 譯）

項目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 蘭實大學藝術與設計系、數字藝術系、建筑系/Faculty of Art and Design, Faculty of Digital Art, and Faculty of Architecture at Rangsit University

場地面積/Site Area: 550m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 1500m2

設計時間/Design Period: 2011

攝影/Photos: Wison Tungthunya

3 延伸至校園內的幕墻/Screen walls reach out to the campus

4 如同店面一般的長展廊/Store-like "Long Gallery"

The Patana Gallery is a gathering space for architects, designers, and artists at Rangsit University, 30 minutes north of Bangkok. This 3-storey building occupies a 550 square-meter footprint in front of the original 9-storey Art & Design, Architecture, and Digital Art building on campus and is directly connected to it on the first and third floors. Because the Patana Gallery acts as a main artery to existing classrooms and lecture halls, ideas of pedestrian movement and environmental interaction directed our design process. Formally, the building is a large graphic box; a container for the work and activities of the students. A spacious outdoor walkway cuts through the building, serving as a main artery for students, instructors, staff, and visitors. This walkway is surrounded by glassenclosed gallery spaces (as well as other informal gathering spaces), making the pedestrian experience is both active and aesthetic. The building is equally divided between conditioned space and unconditioned shelter. Gathering natural breezes and providing shade were primary design priorities since we wanted the students to spend their free time within the public spaces of the building.

The ideas of movement, ventilation, and spatial fluidity also inform our choice of materials. A skin of double-layered powder coated expanded steel mesh lightly envelopes the building. The screen is black on one side and white on the other, exaggerating the resulting moiré pattern that dances and walks with you as you move through the space. Depending on your relationship to the building (whether at ground level, above, direct or diagonally) this skin takes on varying levels of translucency and color-at times black, at times, white, at times, grey.

The steel structure is chosen primarily for two reasons-swift construction (total construction time is 8 months, per request of the client) and visual slenderness. All walls are framed with lightweight steel members to further reduce the dead loads on the structure. The steel wide flange structure is regular and rhythmic, reinforcing this idea of a simple container. Lateral brace frames are hidden within the walls, except at the staircase; the single diagonal line in the building, which pulls s the main circulation up and down past the gallery spaces. Here, the cross bracing is moved to the edge of the building skin and is configured to do double duty as the stair stringer. Mid span joints at columns are unavoidable given the floor spacing of the existing building. Rather than wasting material, we use the joints as an opportunity to create small eye level niches on the first floor.

Since the building is much lower than its neighbors, we considered the roof as a fifth facade and designed it as such. Mechanical and plumbing systems were located in other parts of the building leaving the roof free for a generous garden of wild, indigenous grasses. In the spring, on a breezy day, flowers fall from the roof, and in the summer the sprinklers make you think it’s raining.□

5.6 可遮蔽烈日和暴雨的聚會空間/Gathering space protected from harsh sun and intense rain

評論

郝琳：都市的裝置

這樣的建筑，理解為街道裝置，反倒容易體會設計的匠心。我對泰國都市建筑的印象異常模糊，大概是因為，在地建筑，不論與河流還是街道的關系，總不算直截了當，而是層層相迭。這樣的好處是，在濕熱的氣候下，可以遮陽、通風，并確保隱私。這棟建筑，是使這樣的環境、功能、藝術互動，乃至將泰的性格內置化了。外部的鋪陳，對比于傳統，反而表達為清晰的界定、巨大的尺度和濃重的工業感與臨時性。穿越建筑的同時，可以洞察藝術、間或休憩。但是，那樣的一道幾何式、宣言式，并且頗為炙熱的金屬漁網墻，與街道和都市對話，抑或對抗，似要做出切割與保護的姿態。如此的量體和臨界性本身，不做勇敢的藝術考量，反倒奇怪呢？

范路：奢侈的通廊

帕塔納畫廊更像一條奢侈的通廊。連通舊教學樓的簡單道路，變成了精彩日常生活的舞臺。小型美術館讓通道從中心穿過。它不僅貢獻出1/3的面積，還讓自己成為櫥窗，用展品和內部活動裝飾通道。通高的金屬帷幕不僅過濾風雨陽光，其雙層交疊的紋理還隨穿行者變幻跳躍。通往三層的樓梯，以斜線激活了平直的空間，更用建構方式整合了兩側的展廊。屋頂種植成為高處觀者的視覺綠洲，也為通廊留下四季變化的痕跡。簡潔方正是通廊的外形，豐富生活是通廊的奢侈。

Comments

HAO Lin: An Urban Installation

This building can be seen as an urban installation. My impression of Thai urban architecture is one of mystery. It seems a typical Thai approach to building, no matter whether it is along a riverfront or in a lane, is never straightforward and always involves overlapping layers. The benefit of such a design strategy is that these layers shade the building effectively, promote natural ventilation in the hot and humid climate and also ensure a level of privacy. This building internalizes all these qualities and encourages interaction between environment, program, art and even the Thai character. But its exterior, working against the tradition, defines a clear boundary, has a monolithic scale and expresses a sense of temporality and the industrial. Going through the building, one can either appreciate the art, or simply a relax. With its geometric, declarative-and undoubtedly scorchingsteel mesh screen, does the building intend to enter a dialogue with its surroundings, or it is actually on the defensive? Given that it goes this far, why wouldn't the gallery have produced an even bolder and more meaningful manifesto?

FAN Lu: Luxurious Walkway

The Phathana Gallery resembles a luxurious walkway. A simple street connecting old school buildings is a wonderful arena of everyday life and this small art gallery is given a street-like passage through its center. The passage not only takes up 1/3 of the building footprint, it also allows opportunities to provide windows onto the exhibits and activities of the gallery.The tall metal curtain filters rain and sun. Its doublelayered texture changes shape and jumps alongside the passers-by. The stair leading to the second floor further activates this linear space by introducing a diagonal line. The stair also integrates both sides of the gallery with a constructive approach. The planted roof becomes a visual oasis when seen from above, creating traces of the changing seasons in this urban context. Though the shape of the corridor is simple and orthogonal, a rich life is represented by the sheer luxury of the passage.

Patana Gallery, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, Thailand, 2012

Architects: Studiomake

7 首層平面/Floor 0 plan

8 二層平面/Floor 1 plan

9 剖面/Section