摘要:為了探索萬壽菊(Tagetes erecta L.)中葉黃素的提取工藝,采用水浴加熱法、超聲波法、微波法3種方法從萬壽菊中提取葉黃素,并以葉黃素得率作為標準,確定最優提取方法。結果表明,超聲波法提取葉黃素明顯優于其他2種方法,含量可達到21.91 mg/g。利用超聲波法進行葉黃素的提取,可以大大提高提取效率。
關鍵詞:萬壽菊(Tagetes erecta L.);葉黃素;超聲提取
中圖分類號:R272.71 文獻標識碼: A 文章編號:0439-8114(2014)04-0874-03
Comparing Three Methods for Xanthophyll Extraction from Marigold Flower
YE Zhao-wei1,LI Xun1,LIU Zhu-ming1,LIU Min-jie1,XU Yuan-mei2
(1.Department of Biotechnology, Xingyang College of Argriculture and Forestry, Xinyang 464000,Henan, China;
2.Department of Pharmacology,Liaoning Medical College,Jinzhou 121000,Liaoning,China)
Abstract: The technologies of extracting xanthophylls from Marigold flower with water bath, ultrasonic and microwave method were studied. The yield of xanthophylls was used to screen the best method. The results showed that ultrasonic extraction with the yield of xanthophyll of 21.91 mg/g was obviously better than the other two methods. The efficiency of xanthophyll extraction could be increased greatly by ultrasonic method.
Key words: marigold flower(Tagetes erecta L.); xanthophylls; ultrasonic extraction
葉黃素在自然界分布廣泛[1],含量也較高,一些綠色蔬菜水果如卷心菜、菠菜、萵苣、綠豆、油菜中均富含葉黃素。葉黃素屬于類胡蘿卜素類的四萜類化合物,為橙黃色粉末,有弱的干草氣味,難溶于水、甲醇等極性較高的溶劑,易溶于四氫呋喃、乙酸乙酯、石油醚等極性較低的有機溶劑中[2]。目前葉黃素類物質的制備工藝,如化學合成等,都面臨著化學合成中不能有效除去毒性溶媒以及得率低的問題[3]。通過改進提取工藝提高葉黃素類物質提取率已有報道[4,5]。本研究比較了水浴加熱法、超聲波法、微波法3種方法的提取效率。
1 材料與方法
1.1 主要儀器與試劑
本試驗分別使用超聲波法、微波法、水浴加熱法從萬壽菊中提取葉黃素,尋找最優提取方法,結果表明超聲波法為最優方法。
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