摘要:目的 探討頸椎骨折伴中央脊髓損傷綜合癥的治療體會,旨在臨床上科學有效的治療頸椎骨折伴中央脊髓損傷綜合癥患者,達到最好的臨床療效。方法 1例64歲患者因重物砸傷致頸部,入院后行頸椎牽引制動,大劑量甲強龍沖擊治療,加用脫水藥物治療。生命體征平穩后,行頸椎前后路聯合切開減壓,復位,頸5椎體次全切除,取髂骨椎間植骨,前路鋼板內固定術。術后繼續顱骨牽引,使用抗生素預防感染,脫水藥物的使用,患者術后未出現嚴重并發癥。結果 患者傷口痊愈拆線,去除顱骨牽引后行頭頸胸支具外固定后下地活動。結論 頸椎骨折伴中央脊髓損傷綜合癥及時搶救治療,早期手術的徹底減壓和內固定,術后積極的預防可能出現的嚴重并發癥,精心的護理和患者本人的配合,能取得良好的治療效果。
關鍵詞:頸椎骨折;中央脊髓損傷綜合癥
中圖分類號:274.1
Clinical Analysis of Patients with Central Cord Syndrome in 1 Patients with Cervical Spine Fracture
FAN En-rong
(Department of Orthopedics,Nanbu Couty People's Hospital ,Nanchong 637300,Sichuan,China)
Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic experience with central cord syndrome of cervical spine fracture, to patients with central cord syndrome clinical fractures of scientific and effective treatment of cervical vertebra, achieve the best clinical effect. MethodsA 64 year old patient because the clog caused by neck, admission underwent cervical traction braking, a large dose of methylprednisolone combined with dehydration, drug therapy. Stable vital signs, cervical anterior and posterior decompression, reduction, 5 cervical corpectomy, bone intervertebral bone grafting, and anterior internal fixation with steel plate. After skull traction, the use of antibiotics to prevent infection, medications, patients without serious complications. ResultsPatients with wound healing after removal of stitches, skull traction in brace fixed site after. ConclusionCervical fracture complicated with syndrome of central spinal cord injury treatment in time, complete decompression and internal fixation and early operation, prevent serious complications may be positive after operation, careful nursing and patient cooperation, can obtain a good therapeutic effect.
Key words: Cervical spine fracture; Central cord syndrome1病例
患者男性,64歲,因重物砸傷致頸部疼痛,活動受限伴雙上肢運動喪失2h入院,專科查體:頸段椎體棘突及椎旁肌壓叩痛明顯,頸椎前曲后伸及左右側曲功能受限,雙上肢感覺正常,雙上肢肘以下運動功能喪失,肱二頭肌肌力4級,肱三頭肌肌力0級,肱橈肌肌力0級,懸前及懸后肌力0級,腕背伸肌力0級,雙手內在肌肌力0級,肱二頭肌反射尚可,肱三頭肌反射消失,雙下肢感覺運動肌力肌張力及腱反射正常。CT提示:頸5椎體爆裂性骨折伴失穩,頸4,5椎體棘突骨折。入院診斷:①頸椎骨折;②外傷性頸椎失穩;③中央脊髓損傷綜合癥。
入院后行頸椎牽引制動,大劑量甲強龍沖擊治療,加用脫水藥物治療[1]。3d后,患者生命體征平穩后,行頸椎前后路聯合切開減壓,復位,頸5椎體次全切除,取髂骨椎間植骨,前路鋼板內固定術。術后繼續顱骨牽引,使用抗生素預防感染,脫水藥物的使用[2],患者術后未出現嚴重并發癥,術后第2d患者自訴頸部不適癥狀有明確的改善,術后復查X片提示植骨塊位置良好,內固定位置良好,術后1w查體:雙上肢感覺正常,雙側肱三頭肌肌力3級,雙側伸腕肌肌力3級,懸前及懸后肌2級,雙手握力2~3級:術后2w查體:雙側肱三頭肌肌力3~4級,雙側伸腕肌肌力3級,懸前及懸后肌2級,雙手握力3級。患者傷口痊愈拆線,去除顱骨牽引后行頭頸胸支具外固定后下地活動。見圖1圖2。
手術圖片1 手術圖片2
2總結
頸椎骨折伴中央脊髓損傷綜合癥及時搶救治療,早期手術的徹底減壓和內固定,術后積極的預防可能出現的嚴重并發癥[3-4],精心的護理和患者本人的配合,能取得良好的治療效果。
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