運用句式轉換策略讓作文句子靚起來

馮蔚清

選詞和句式的運用是否得當是高考寫作中語言能力和句子質量的關鍵，因此，我們要善于利用句式轉換策略，使句式多樣化，提高英文的書面表達能力。筆者通過一些實例來談談英語寫作中的句式轉換策略。

一、句式轉換的八大策略

1. 運用介詞短語與with的復合結構。

[例1]To arouse peoples awareness of the importance of sleeping， WHO organized a worldwide activity in 2001 to make March 21st every year the World Sleeping Day.

轉換：With the purpose of making people realize how important it is to get enough sleep， WHO organized a worldwide activity in 2001 to make March 21st every year the World Sleeping Day.

[例2]White Tea is famous for its beautiful silver-needle-like shape， its sweet taste and its medicinal effects.

轉換：With its beautiful silver-needle-like shape， its sweet taste and its medicinal effects， White Tea is famous.

[例3]It is impolite that we point at others with fingers when talking.

轉換：It is impolite for us to talk with our fingers pointing at others.

[例4]We should combine these solutions and we can solve the problem of heavy traffic.

轉換：With these solutions combined， we can solve the problem of heavy traffic.

2. 利用非謂語動詞短語。

[例5]Martin Luther King Jr. was born in January 1929 in Atlanta the US. He was a famous human right leader in the world. He took an active part in the movements and fought for the equal civil rights for black people.

轉換：Martin Luther King Jr.， born in January 1929 in Atlanta the US， was a famous human right leader in the world. He took an active part in the movements， fighting for the equal rights for black people.

3. 利用各類從句。

[例6]Physical discomfort， emotional troubles and sleeping environment will lead to insomnia（失眠） and this is another reason for students lack of enough sleep.

定語從句：Physical discomfort， emotional troubles and sleeping environment will lead to insomnia， which is another reason why students cant get enough sleep.

表語從句：Another reason why students cant get enough sleep is that physical discomfort， emotional troubles and sleeping environment will lead to insomnia.

[例7]Medical experts encourage teens to change their lifestyle and develop good sleeping habits such as watching TV or listening to music instead of drinking a cup of coffee.

主語從句：It is suggested by medical experts that teens should change their lifestyle and develop good sleeping habits， for example， watching TV or listening to music rather than drinking a cup of coffee.

[例8]We should combine these solutions and we can solve the problem of heavy traffic.

主語從句：What we should do right now is to combine these solutions to solve the problem of heavy traffic.

4. 采用短語優先原則。

一般情況下，表示相同意義，用短語較用單個的單詞更好。

[例9]Competition can make the society develop， while cooperation is also important in our final peace and victory.

轉換：Competition can promote the development of society， while cooperation also plays an important role in our final peace and victory.

5. 采用不同的主語轉換表達方式。

[例10]Form the habit of being thrifty（節儉的） and it can help us save money， and build up a comfortable environment.

轉換：Forming the habit of being thrifty can help us save money as well as build up a comfortable environment.

[例11]I was late for school yesterday because there was a traffic jam.

轉換：A traffic jam made me late for school yesterday.

轉換：A traffic jam prevented me from going to school on time yesterday.

6. 主動語態與被動語態的轉換策略。

[例12]Use public transports to avoid needless driving and parking.

轉換：Needless driving and parking can be avoided by using public transports.

7. 運用特殊句式的轉換策略。

（1）用強調句式轉換。

[例13]Through competition and cooperation we can achieve greater success.

轉換：It is through competition and cooperation that we can achieve greater success.

（2）用倒裝句式轉換。

[例14]We should combine these solutions and we can solve the problem of heavy traffic.

轉換：Only with perfect combination of these solutions can we cope with the problem of heavy traffic effectively.

[例15]When we cultivate the habit of being thrifty， we can lead a better and more comfortable life.

轉換：Only when we cultivate the habit of being thrifty can we lead a better and more comfortable life.

8.使用連接性詞語的轉換策略。

[例16]Life is hard to pop singers and they have to work hard to become or remain popular. They spend a lot of money wrapping themselves. And they hardly have privacy.

轉換：Life is hard to pop singers because they have to work hard to become or remain popular. Besides， they spend a lot of time wrapping themselves. Worse still， they hardly have privacy.

二、轉換策略的綜合運用

最近，你就讀的學校——廣州市玉巖中學將舉辦開放日。 你將作為學生代表向前來參觀的英語老師介紹校區的基本情況，請準備好你的解說詞，文章的開頭和結尾已為你寫好。

【寫作內容】

地理位置：廣州市東部，蘿崗區

交通情況：出行便利，步行到車站約5分鐘

校名來源：有500年歷史的玉巖書院

建校時間：現校區于2006年竣工并投入使用

占地面積：約235，000平方米

校園環境：綠樹成蔭，環境優美

校園設施：課室寬敞明亮，配備齊全；擁有標準運動設施，其中綜合體育館可用于舉辦比賽和典禮

師生人數：目前學生近3000人，教師約260人

師生狀態：全體師生正在為學校更美好的明天共同奮斗

[寫作要求]

只能使用5個句子表達全部內容；開頭和結尾已給出，但不計入總句數。

[評分標準]

句子結構準確，信息內容完整，篇章結構連貫。

Good morning， teachers！ Welcome to Guangdong Experimental High School！

…

Thank you

正文部分參考范文

Situated in Luogang District， in the east of Guangzhou， Guangzhou Yuyan High School enjoys the convenient transportation because it merely takes us about 5 minutes to walk to the bus station. The new campus was completed and put into use in 2006， and it takes its name from Yuyan Shuyuan Academy with a history of 500 years. Covering an area of 235，000 square metres， our school provides students and teachers with a graceful environment with lots of trees and other plants flourishing. In addition， not only are there spacious， bright and well-equipped classrooms in our school， but it also owns large quantities of sports facilities， among which the gymnasium can be used to hold great sports events and ceremonies. Worth mentioning， we all hold the belief that our school is heading for a better tomorrow with the joint efforts made by about 3，000 students and nearly 260 teachers.

最后，兩個英文諺語與備考的同學共勉：

From small beginnings come great things. 偉大始于渺小。

Today must borrow nothing of tomorrow. 今日事今日畢。

（作者單位：廣州市玉巖中學）

責任編校 蔣小青