趙超鵬
【摘要】英語寫作是一個綜合體,是檢驗學生英語水平的最好方法。高中生由于各種原因,英語寫作一直是他們的弱項。多讀、多記、多練是提高英語寫作最簡單、有效的方法。
【關鍵詞】英語寫作 閱讀 記憶 練習
眾所周知,英語寫作是學生英語綜合能力的集中反映。它不僅要求有一定詞匯積累和很好的語法基礎,而且也要求學生具有很好的語言組織能力和應用能力。因此,對于很多學生來說,英語寫作是一大難題。為什么會產生這樣的問題呢?一方面是對英語語言、詞匯積累的太少,閱讀太少,沒有形成良好的學習習慣,沒有形成正確的英語思維意識,不理解英漢兩種語言的差異;另一方面腦子中記的東西太少,更不用說用來進行書面表達了。怎樣才能把英語寫作水平提高呢?我覺得應做到三多:多讀、多記、多練。
一、多讀
英語作為一門語言,需要大量的閱讀。古人云“熟讀唐詩三百首,不會作詩也會吟”,這是漢語的一種學習方法,同樣可借鑒于英語寫作。在閱讀中,一方面學生可以讀到正確的英語句子;另一方面學生也培養了一定的英語語感,有助于學生寫出正確的英語句子。閱讀不僅僅局限于課本,也可以適當閱讀課外材料,英語寫作五花八門,這就要求學生平時多讀,讀的過程中不僅可以記住一些優美的句子,感悟作者要表達的思想感情,而且認真體會原作者的英語寫作方式和寫作習慣,這樣才能避免在英語寫作中出現表達不當、詞不達意、沒有邏輯性的句子或段落。
二、多記
提高英語寫作離不開大量的記憶。很多學生有這樣的誤區:只記單詞,認為記住大量詞匯,英語寫作就沒有問題。記單詞只是寫作的一個重要環節。對于平時課文中出現的一些優美句式、優美句子,也應該牢記在心。這樣,寫作的時候才不會“書到用時方恨少”。以高一第十七單元(2003人教版)課文中的最后一段為例:“I had to make a decision. Wait to get better or give up? I had to think of my family, which is important to me, and do the right thing. I did so without regret. I had met challenge of solo travel in an extreme climate. It is an experience that I shall never forget and shall value for the rest of my life. ”這一段文字含有精彩的表達(如:think of…/did so without regret/in an extreme climate/It is an experience that…),且句式優美,充分表達了作者的思想感情,而且給人以深刻啟示。假如學生遇到類似的作文,就可以創造性地運用這些句子。這樣的句子在教材中還有很多。學生也需要記一些不同話題的范文,創造性的在寫作中去運用這些范文。
三、多練
讀和記只是兩個方面。更重要的是要多練。Practice makes perfect。Only practising , practising and practising can make us write successfully。掌握基礎的語法和記憶大量的詞匯,通過練習才能有效地將二者結合起來,特別是英語的五種基本句型(SV, SVO, SVC, SVoO, SVOC)。通過練習才能使自己在寫作中出現的問題暴露出來,才能把所學的、所記的運用出來、才能避免在實際寫作過程中犯同樣的錯誤。下面是我的學生寫的一篇考試作文:
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Li Hua. I had came back my home. I am very thank you. When I was in US you helped to me. In my heart you are a good friend, I am proud of you. But I maybe have an English dictionary lost in your home. The dictionary is very important to me. The dictionary is America teacher gave me. It is very important. You help to me find it. If you find out it, please you send it to me. You dont worry postage. I already put it in. If you have free time, send it back to me.
Thank you.
Yours,
Li Hua
這篇作文內容較為全面、格式符合要求,文中也不乏一些好句子(The dictionary is very important to me. I am proud of you), 但也存在著不少明顯的問題:1.動詞的時態、習慣用法使用有誤(helped to me, came back my home, if you find out it);2.漢語式句子較多(I am very thank you,but I may be have an English dictionary lost in your home, the dictionary is America teacher gave me); 3.缺少過渡,銜接不自然。
下面是修改過的作文:
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Li Hua. I have come back home. Thank you very much for all the kindness I got from you when I was in the US. In my heart you are a good friend, and Im proud of you.
When I came back, I suddenly realized that I had left my English dictionary behind at your home. It is very important to me, because it is from my American teacher. I want you to look for it if you are free. Id appreciate it if you could send it back to me. As for the postage, Ill pay for it. The dictionary must be on the shelf in my rented room. It is the one with a red cover.
Thanks and all the best.
Yours,
Li Hua
學生應避免使用復雜的復合句,多用簡單句。簡單句結構簡單,容易寫,不容易出錯。還應注意句子之間的過渡。文章是由許多單句組成的,但并不是簡單的組合。對于最基本的過渡詞語應多記憶并加以練習,如and、but、or、first、second、in a word、for example……最好是在平時寫日記時注意運用。這樣勤加練習,寫作水平肯定會有一定的提高。
總之,對于英語寫作我們不能急于求成,在平時學習的基礎上,只要我們勤于歸納、整理,勤于練習,勤于思考,才會取得成功。
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