“彈”向你的腦門兒：彈幕到底為何物？

自從有了小伙伴們的彈幕，媽媽再也不用擔(dān)心我一個(gè)人刷劇啦……作為二次元的經(jīng)典產(chǎn)物，那些遮住了我們屏幕的字幕到底是何物？

Sitting in a dark movie theater， leaning forward with your eyes fixed on the screen and hands clenching the edge of the seat， you hear the couple behind you “whisper”.

坐在漆黑的電影院里，身子前傾，雙眼緊緊盯著銀幕，雙手緊握座椅的把手，你聽到你身后的一對情侶在“竊竊私語”：

“Is that Matt Damon？”

“那是馬特·達(dá)蒙嗎？”

“Who is Matt Damon？”

“馬特·達(dá)蒙是哪只？”

“The guy who played in the Bourne series！”

“《諜影重重》里的那只啊！”

Most of the time you roll your eyes， hating them for ruining your experience. But somewhat bizarrely， these interruptions have themselves become a form of entertainment—though at least， the creators of these “interruptions” have the good grace to do them in text form.

大多數(shù)時(shí)候你會(huì)白他們幾眼，討厭他們毀了你的觀影過程。但是有點(diǎn)奇特的是，這些打斷觀影的現(xiàn)象成為一種娛樂形式——雖然至少，這些“打斷的字眼”的創(chuàng)始人以文字的形式把它們玩得樂此不疲。

Video streaming websites in China have proven to be fertile ground for a giant community of “subtitles shooters” who revel in the creation and spread of “memes”， slang terms， and pop culture references， which find their way onto screens during movies， in subtitle form.

中國的視頻網(wǎng)站對于廣大“發(fā)彈幕狂人”來說可是片廣闊的沃土，他們著迷于在電影銀幕上以字幕的形式創(chuàng)造和擴(kuò)散“么么噠”這種文化詞、俚語和流行文化。

The “Bullet Subtitle” feature has been adopted by the biggest video websites in China such as Tudou and iQiyi. It even made its way into classes when a professor at a university in Wuhan allowed students to create live subtitles during class presentations. This function also became possible during a live concert by Chinese pop duet Yu Quan.

“彈幕”已被中國最大的視頻網(wǎng)站，比如土豆和愛奇藝采用。它甚至被一位武漢的大學(xué)教授運(yùn)用到課堂上，他允許學(xué)生在做課堂展示期間實(shí)時(shí)發(fā)彈幕。中國流行音樂二人組羽泉的演唱會(huì)也用上了這種功能。

The service， or phenomenon， is called “dàn mù”， which literally be translated into “bullet subtitles”. The word refers to the commentaries shooting across the screen， in the style of an arcade shooting game. Originally from Japan， “bullet subtitles” are said to have come to China thanks to anime lovers and followers of what would commonly be considered otaku culture.

這種服務(wù)或現(xiàn)象，被稱為“彈幕（dàn mù）”，翻譯成“bullet subtitles”。這個(gè)名詞指的是在屏幕上以一種街機(jī)射擊游戲的方式發(fā)射出的評論。最先起源于日本，據(jù)說“彈幕”傳到中國多虧了動(dòng)漫愛好者和通常被看作御宅族文化的追隨者。

Although initially “bullet subtitles” were offered for forms of animation that are often referred to as two-dimensional （2D） works， three dimensional （3D） works—those that involve real people such as films and TV shows—began following the trend.

雖然一開始“彈幕”只是動(dòng)漫的一種吐槽形式，動(dòng)漫通常指的是二次元作品，而如今三次元作品——那些由真人出演的電影和電視節(jié)目——也趕上這股潮流。

Websites such as AcFun and Bilibili themselves became the subjects of affection and admiration.

諸如A站（AcFun）和B站（嗶哩嗶哩）的網(wǎng)站成為了彈幕愛好者們喜愛和崇拜的圣地。

To cinephiles， “bullet subtitles” sound like a blasphemous intrusion. But for “bullet subtitle” aficionados， they makes viewing more enjoyable， fulfilling， and worth repeating.

對于影迷來說，“彈幕”聽上去就是種不知好歹地打斷觀影的行為。但是對于“彈幕”狂熱愛好者來說，彈幕讓觀影更有意思、更開心，并值得一遍遍重溫。

Here are several main types of bullet commentaries：

以下是幾種主要的彈幕評論：

Snarky remarks： directed towards the Chinese subtitles， actors， characters in the video， or plot progression.

吐槽：針對中文字幕、演員、劇中角色或是情節(jié)進(jìn)展。

General comments： such as “the lighting is excellent”， “her acting in this scene is mindblowing”， and “hahahas”.

普通評論：比如“燈光美翻了”，“她這個(gè)場景的表演好讓人亢奮”，以及“哈哈哈”。

Helpful explanations for understanding the video： These are the most useful comments because they usually help explain the plot， the background story， the significance of lines lost in translation， references， and visual elements easily overlooked.

幫助理解視頻的注解：這些是最有用的評論了，因?yàn)樗鼈兺ǔ椭蛴^眾解釋情節(jié)、故事背景、翻譯中遺漏的重要臺(tái)詞、參考資料，還有容易被忽視的視覺要素。

Interactions among users： there are often discussions among viewers， such as if cheating is justified. Sometimes there can be a QA regarding other viewers’ comments， e.g. why Benedict Cumberbatch is called the “Curly Fu”， why Watson is the “peanut”， and why Kristen Stewart is the “facial paralysis girl”.

用戶間的互動(dòng)：觀眾通常都會(huì)討論，比如作弊是否正當(dāng)。有時(shí)候也可能是有關(guān)其他觀眾評論的問答，比如：為什么本尼迪克特·康伯巴奇叫作“卷福”，為什么華生是“花生”，還有為什么克里斯汀·斯圖爾特是“面癱女”。

Inside jokes： For instance， the opening sequence of every Person of Interest episode begins with viewers filling the screen with “You/We are being made into a watch”. The joke first began when the opening line “we are being watched” was translated into a literal “we are made into a watch” early in the series， and viewers turned the mistranslation into a tradition.

圈內(nèi)笑話：舉個(gè)例子，每集《疑犯追蹤》的開場，觀眾都在屏幕上打滿了“你們/我們正在被做成表”。這個(gè)笑話最初源于這部電視劇早期的開場白“我們正被監(jiān)視著”被直譯成了“我們正被做成表”，觀眾把這種翻譯錯(cuò)誤當(dāng)成了傳統(tǒng)。

Vocabulary

clench v. 抓緊，握緊

bizarrely adv. 古怪地；怪誕地

interruption n. 打斷；中斷

fertile adj. （土地、土壤）肥沃的，豐腴的

revel v. 陶醉于；沉湎于

adopt v. 采取；采納；采用

literally adv. 照字面地；逐字地

commentary n. 討論；評論

arcade n. 街機(jī)；街機(jī)模式

initially adv. 最初；開始

affection n. 喜愛；喜歡

cinephile n. 影迷；電影愛好者

blasphemous adj. 褻瀆神明/宗教的

intrusion n. 打擾；侵?jǐn)_

aficionado n. 狂熱愛好者；迷

mindblowing adj. 讓人興奮的

reference n. 參考；參考書

visual adj. 視覺的；視力的

element n. 要素；基本部分

overlook v. 忽略；忽視

justify v. 證明（決定、行為或想法）正當(dāng)

sequence n. （電影中描述某一組動(dòng)作的）連續(xù)鏡頭，片段

episode n. （廣播劇或電視劇的）一集