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摘要 為篩選防治稻縱卷葉螟的有效藥劑及使用劑量,選用3%阿維菌素水乳劑不同劑量進行了田間藥效試驗。試驗結果表明,3%阿維菌素水乳劑 處理劑量450 mL/hm2時,保葉效果為87.80%,與對照藥劑1.8%阿維菌素乳油525 mL/hm2(防效84.51%)間無顯著差異(P>0.5),明顯高于3%阿維菌素水乳劑300 mL/hm2、3%阿維菌素水乳劑150 mL/hm2及對照藥劑48%毒死蜱乳油1 200 mL/hm2處理的防效(P<0.5);殺蟲效果為92.48%,與3%阿維菌素水乳劑300 mL/hm2、對照藥劑1.8%阿維菌素乳油300 mL/hm2和48%毒死蜱乳油1 200 mL/hm2無顯著差異(P>0.5),但與3%阿維菌素水乳劑150 mL/hm2有顯著差異(P<0.5)。參試藥劑對水稻和稻田水生生物安全。根據田間蟲量情況,在稻縱卷葉螟卵孵化高峰期,使用3%阿維菌素水乳劑300~450 mL/hm2(或阿維菌素有效成分量9.0~13.5 g/hm2)實施防治,能較好地控制稻縱卷葉螟為害。
關鍵詞 3%阿維菌素水乳劑;稻縱卷葉螟;防治效果
中圖分類號 S482.3 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 1007-5739(2015)17-0159-01
Study on Control Effect of 3%Avermectin EW on Rice Leaf-Roller
YAN Lu-fen PENG Xiao-ming HUANG Zhi-dong YUAN Wu
(Xuyong Plant Protection and Quarantine Station in Sichuan Province,Xuyong Sichuan 646400)
Abstract To screen for the prevention and cure of rice leaf-roller effective agent and using dose,different dosages of 3% avermectins EW were chose on the field test.The test results showed that the leaf protection effect of 3% avermectins EW treatment dose 450 mL/hm2 was 87.80%,and had no significant difference on control effect of contrast agent 1.8% avermectins EC 525 mL/hm2(84.51%)(P>0.5),and they were significantly higher than 3% avermectins EW 300 mL/hm2,3% avermectins EW 150 mL/hm2 and contrast agent 48% chlorpyrifos EC 1 200 mL/hm2(P<0.5).Insecticidal effect of 3% avermectins EW treatment dose 450 mL/hm2 was 92.48%,and had no significant difference on 3% avermectins EW 300 mL/hm2,contrast agent 1.8% avermectins EC 300 mL/hm2 and 48% chlorpyrifos EC 1 200 mL/hm2(P>0.5),but had significant difference with 3% avermectins EW 150 mL/hm2(P<0.5).Tested agents were safety on rice and paddy field.According to the field insect quantity,in the rice leaf-roller egg hatching peak,using 3% avermectins EW 300~450 mL/hm2(effective avermectins ingredient 9.0~13.5 g/hm2)could well control rice leaf-roller harm.
Key words 3% avermectins EW;rice leaf-roller;control effect
阿維菌素是從土壤微生物中分離的天然產物,其作用機制是干擾昆蟲中央神經系統活動,對昆蟲和螨類具有胃毒和觸殺作用,內吸作用較小,無熏蒸作用,滲透力強,亦有報道認為有微弱的熏蒸作用[1-2]。多年來的試驗示范和實際應用表明,阿維菌素對稻縱卷葉螟(Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée)有較好的防效[3-7],是替代高毒農藥的主要品種之一。近年來,敘永縣阿維菌素的推廣使用面積不斷增大,使用品種以1.8%阿維菌素乳油為主。隨著農作物病蟲害綠色防控技術的示范推廣、高毒農藥替代項目的實施和農藥技術的發展,阿維菌素的劑型呈多樣化,有關農藥廠家開發生產出3%阿維菌素水乳劑。為篩選阿維菌素防治稻縱卷葉螟的有效藥劑及使用劑量,適應農作物病蟲害專業化統防統治需要,2015年進行了3%阿維菌素水乳劑防治稻縱卷葉螟試驗,對其防治效果作出評價。
1 材料與方法
1.1 試驗概況
試驗地點設在敘永縣興隆鄉黃桷坪村,海拔450 m,冬閑田。土壤……