高粱雜交種晉雜31號(hào)選育報(bào)告

楊婷婷++平俊愛(ài)++張福耀++杜志宏++呂鑫++李慧明

摘要 高粱雜交種晉雜31號(hào)是山西省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院高粱研究所于2008年組配育成的高產(chǎn)、優(yōu)質(zhì)、多抗的高粱雜交種，平均產(chǎn)量9 261.0 kg/hm2，同期比對(duì)照晉雜22號(hào)增產(chǎn)10.3%。生育期129.4 d。種子次生根健壯、發(fā)達(dá)，田間生長(zhǎng)整齊一致，生長(zhǎng)勢(shì)很強(qiáng)，幼苗葉片呈綠色，株高169.0 cm，葉綠色，葉脈白色，穗長(zhǎng)33.3 cm，穗形紡錘形，穗碼松，緊度中緊，穎殼紅色、卵圓形，穗粒重99.4 g，千粒重32.3 g，粒紅色，粒形扁圓，粒質(zhì)粉質(zhì)。抗旱性、耐瘠薄性較強(qiáng)，高抗高粱絲黑穗病，適應(yīng)性很廣。

關(guān)鍵詞 高粱雜交種；選育；有性雜交；晉雜31號(hào)

中圖分類號(hào) S514.038 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 B 文章編號(hào) 1007-5739（2015）18-0047-02

Breeding Report of Sorghum Hybrid Jinza No.31

YANG Ting-ting PING Jun-ai* ZHANG Fu-yao DU Zhi-hong LV Xin LI Hui-ming

（Sorghum Institute，Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Jinzhong Shanxi 030600）

Abstract Jinza No.31 had the character of high yield，good quality and mult-resistance.It was a sorghum hybrid crossbreeded by Shanxi Institute of Agricultural Sciences in 2008. The hybrid average yield of per hectare was 9 261.0 kg，which was 10.3% higher than Jinza No.22. The growth period was 129.4 days. The hybrid seed had robust root and the growth in the field was neat. Meanwhile，the potential of the growth was very strong and the leaves in the seedling stage showed green，the plant height was 169.0 cm，leaf was green，leaf vein was white，ear length is 33.3 cm，spike shape was fusiform，degree of tightness was mesocompact，glume was red，shape was oval，spike grain weight was 99.4 g and the thousand seed weight was 32.3 g，seed was red oblate silty.And Jinza No.31 had special characteristics of high drought resistance，barren resistance，disease resistance and wide adaptation.

Key words sorghum hybrid；selection；sexual hybridization；Jinza No.31

高粱[Sorghum bicolor（L）.Moench]是人類栽培的重要谷類作物，我國(guó)是世界上雜交高粱種植面積最大的國(guó)家之一，高粱也是山西省主要雜糧作物之一，常年種植面積在3.4萬(wàn)hm2，年產(chǎn)量10萬(wàn)t左右[1]。在我國(guó)高粱主要用于食用、飼用、釀造、加工等。山西省的高粱主要是作為酒、醋類產(chǎn)品的原料作物，種植區(qū)域主要集中在山西省汾陽(yáng)、清徐、文水、祁縣、小店、太谷等釀造業(yè)較發(fā)達(dá)的縣區(qū)，釀造專用高粱品種的推廣普及和訂單農(nóng)業(yè)的拉動(dòng)，農(nóng)民種植高粱的愿望也增加[2-3]。近年來(lái)，釀造業(yè)的發(fā)展，對(duì)高粱的品質(zhì)提出了新的要求，為了滿足生產(chǎn)和市場(chǎng)對(duì)高粱品種的需求，開(kāi)展了釀造專用高粱品種的選育，育成了多抗、高產(chǎn)釀造專用種晉雜31號(hào)。

1 晉雜31號(hào)選育經(jīng)過(guò)

晉雜31號(hào)是以山西省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院高粱研究所自選不育系SX605A為母本，以自選恢復(fù)系SX870為父本于2008年雜交選育而成，選育系譜如圖1所示。……