文獻標志碼:A
儲能技術在新能源電力系統中的研究綜述
艾欣,董春發
(新能源電力系統國家重點實驗室(華北電力大學),北京102206)
Review on the Application of Energy Storage Technology in Power System with Renewable Energy SourcesAI Xin, DONG Chunfa
(State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources
(North China Electric Power University), Beijing 102206,China)
摘要:在總結各種儲能技術特點及其應用現狀的基礎上,分析了新能源大規模并網存在的問題,歸納闡述了儲能技術在解決系統運行穩定性、功率波動、電能質量、風電低電壓穿越等問題中的研究進展;針對儲能系統的前期規劃,綜合考慮經濟性能和技術性能要求,重點研究了儲能系統的組成結構和優化配置方法,并對不同應用場合下儲能系統的控制策略進行歸納;最后對儲能技術的研究方向做出展望。
關鍵詞:儲能技術;可再生能源;電力系統;并網運行;優化配置;控制策略
文章編號:1007-2322(2015)05-0001-09
中圖分類號:TM732
基金項目:國家自然科學
收稿日期:2014-09-18
作者簡介:
Abstract:Based on the summary on the characteristics of different energy storage techniques and their applications, the existing problems in large-scale grid-connected renewable energy sources are analyzed, and the research progress on the application of energy storage technique to solve such problems as system operation stability, power fluctuation, power quality and low voltage ride-through for wind power system are discussed. Furthermore, to meet the economic and technical requirements, the composition structure and optimal allocation method of energy storage system are mainly studied. In addition, control strategies of energy storage system in different operational situations are discussed. In the end, research direction and prospect of energy storage technology are forecasted.
Keywords:energy storage technology; renewable energy sources; power system; grid-connected operation; optimal allocation; control strategy
0引言
能源緊缺、環境污染等問題日益突出,開發與利用新能源,改善能源結構成為世界各國的共識。風力發電、光伏發電作為主要的清潔能源利用形式,具有與傳統電源競爭的潛力,得到了快速的發展。截止2013年底,我國風力發電裝機容量達91.4GW,光伏發電裝機容量達19.4GW,均位列世界第一[1-2]。
但是,風電和光伏發電出力顯示出較強的波動性和隨機性,影響電網運行的安全與穩定[3]。這給電網的調度帶來困難,對供電的持續性和可靠性產生不利影響[4],同時限制了其自身的發展。
在新能源的并網過程中,通過在出口側安裝儲能裝置,可以平抑輸出功率的波動[5],一定程度上將新能源電源轉化為可調度的電源,有助于減少對電力系統的沖擊[6],提高電力系統的運行穩定性,此外還可以提供電壓支撐,改善電能質量等[7]?!?br>