李朝洪 王雪霞
(東北林業大學,哈爾濱,150040)
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黑龍江省國有林區生態環境脆弱性的變化趨勢1)
李朝洪王雪霞
(東北林業大學,哈爾濱,150040)
摘要在定位生態環境脆弱性內涵基礎上,設置了國有林區生態環境脆弱性的評價指標體系,利用主成分分析方法對生態環境脆弱性指標進行賦權,利用灰色關聯分析法監測黑龍江省國有林區2004—2014年的生態環境脆弱性變化趨勢。結果表明:黑龍江省國有林區生態環境脆弱性的驅動因子,排在前10位的依次為森林火災受害率、森林病蟲鼠害受害率、營林投資力度、林業法律法規健全度、廢水排放達標率、降水量、積溫、水資源總量、過熟林比例、無林地比例;黑龍江省國有林區生態環境脆弱性,表現出逐年降低的趨勢。
關鍵詞國有林區;生態環境脆弱性;黑龍江省
分類號S718.5;X826
Ecology Environment Vulnerability Change Trend of State-owned Forest Area in Heilongjiang Province
Li Chaohong, Wang Xuexia
(Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China)//Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2016,44(4):93-97.
After positioning the ecology environment vulnerability connotation of state-owned forest area, we set up ecology environment vulnerability evaluation index system of state-owned forest area. We used factor analysis to calculate indictor weight and gray relational analysis to monitor ecology environment vulnerability change trend of state-owned forest area in Heilongjiang Province from 2004 to 2014. The top ten ecology environment vulnerability driving factors of state-owned forest area in Heilongjiang Province were forest fires victimization rate, forest pest and rodent victimization rate, forestry investment, forestry laws soundness, wastewater discharge compliance rate, rainfall, accumulated temperature, total water resources, over mature forest rate, and non-forest land rate. The ecological environment vulnerability of state-owned forest in Heilongjiang Province showed constantly decreasing trend year by year.
KeywordsState-owned forest area; Ecology environment vulnerability; Heilongjiang Province
“脆弱性”作為科學術語,是20世紀60年代由法國學者Margat和Albinet[1]首先提出。此后,生態學、地理學研究者將脆弱性概念與不同的研究對象相結合,產生了不同脆弱性研究的分支,包括資源脆弱性、自然災害脆弱性、生態環境脆弱性等[2]。隨著全球生態環境持續惡化,各國對生態環境的關注持續升溫,生態環境脆弱性作為衡量地區生態環境狀況的重要指標受到國內外廣大學者的關注[3]。
森林作為陸地生態系統的主體,不僅有涵養水源、保持水土、防風固沙、保護物種、凈化環境等獨特功能,又能為人類提供木材、藥材、食品和能源等多種物質產品,森林生態建設是生態文明建設的根基。……