韓麗冬 牟長城 張軍輝
(黑龍江省森林工程與環境研究所,哈爾濱,150080) (東北林業大學) (中國科學院沈陽應用生態研究所)
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透光撫育對長白山闊葉紅松林冠下紅松光合作用的影響1)
韓麗冬牟長城張軍輝
(黑龍江省森林工程與環境研究所,哈爾濱,150080)(東北林業大學)(中國科學院沈陽應用生態研究所)
摘要以長白山闊葉紅松林為研究對象,通過對不同冠層郁閉度冠下生長季節(5—10月份)紅松光響應曲線的測定,研究透光撫育對紅松光合作用的影響。結果顯示:紅松光合作用光響應曲線顯著的季節變化模式反映了紅松對當地水熱等氣候條件的適應性。表觀量子效率與太陽輻射量呈顯著負相關(r=0.9,p<0.05),溫度和降水解釋了最大凈光合速率季節變化的70%;暗呼吸速率與日照時間顯著負相關(r=0.92,p<0.05)。紅松光合作用光響應曲線隨冠層郁閉度變化模式清晰。紅松生產力在0~0.3郁閉度組,特別是在0.2~0.3郁閉度組為最優,對應的紅松最大凈光合速率最優,暗呼吸速率最小。
關鍵詞長白山;紅松;光合;郁閉度
分類號S791.247
Effect of Crown Thinning on Photosynthesis of Understory Korean Pine of Broadleaved Korean Pine Mixed Forests in Changbai Mountain
Han Lidong
(Heilongjiang Forestry Engineering and Environment Institute, Harbin 150080, P. R. China); Mu Changcheng(Northeast Forestry University); Zhang Junhui(Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Science)//Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2016,44(4):38-40.
The experiment was conducted to study the effects of crown thinning intensities on photosynthesis of Korean pine with nearly 15-year-old Korean pine forests through the growing season (May to October). The clear pattern ofPn-Qcurves reflected the adoption of Korea pine to local climate. The apparent quantum efficiency was significantly negatively correlated with total solar radiation (r=0.9,p<0.05); Temperature and rainfall explained 70% of variance of maximum photosynthetic rate, and dark respiration rate significantly negatively correlated with solar hours. There were clear patterns in relationship between photosynthesis parameters and canopy density. To get higher productivity, the canopy density in 0-0.3, especially in 0.2-0.3 was the best, and the respiration rate was the lowest and photosynthesis rate was the highest.
KeywordsChangbai Mountain; Korean pine; Photosynthesis; Canopy density
闊葉紅松林是我國溫帶地帶性頂極群落,其生產力高,生物多樣性豐富,穩定性強。由于大規模破壞性開發與不合理利用,原始闊葉紅松林已被天然次生林所取代,這些次生林已經失去了原始闊葉紅松林的結構和功能,因此恢復其原有的結構,使其逐步發展為健康穩定的闊葉紅松林,實現森林的多效益及可持續利用是東北林區亟待解決的問題。紅松(Koreanpine)幼年生長緩慢,郁閉成林較晚,給森林恢復和發展帶來一定困難。為了提高森林生產量,加快恢復速度,在目前經濟技術條件下,通過有效撫育措施進行人工誘導是切實可行的途徑。透光撫育是促進闊葉紅松林恢復與可持續利用的重要的人工誘導管理措施之一,近年來人們對其生態學后果[1-6]和技術體系[7-14]等方面都進行了系統研究。……