中華金葉榆嫩枝扦插繁殖技術1)

徐笑玥　佟兆慶　閆文濤　陸秀君　李常猛

(沈陽農業大學，沈陽，110161)　　　　(遼寧省努魯兒虎山國家級自然保護區管理局)

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中華金葉榆嫩枝扦插繁殖技術1)

徐笑玥佟兆慶閆文濤陸秀君李常猛

(沈陽農業大學，沈陽，110161)(遼寧省努魯兒虎山國家級自然保護區管理局)

摘要以中華金葉榆(Ulmus pumila ‘Jinye’)為試材，剪取當年生枝條中上部做插穗，每個插穗保留2片葉子，用ABT 1 000 mg·L-1溶液處理插穗10 s，分別扦插在河沙、珍珠巖、蛭石、草炭、V(珍珠巖)∶V(蛭石)=1∶1、V(珍珠巖)∶V(蛭石)=3∶1、V(珍珠巖)∶V(草炭)=1∶1、V(珍珠巖)∶V(草炭)=3∶1，8種基質上，探究不同扦插基質對插穗生根的影響；采用3因素3水平正交試驗設計，即選用ABT、IBA、NAA 3種生根促進劑，每種生根促進劑設計500、1 000、1 500 mg·L-13個質量濃度梯度，處理時間為10、30、60 s，扦插在V(珍珠巖)∶V(蛭石)=1∶1的基質中，篩選金葉榆嫩枝扦插最佳生根促進劑及處理時間。結果表明：蛭石為最佳基質，插穗生根率為89.17%，平均根數為10條，平均根長為12.92 cm，最長根長為38.5 cm。正交試驗結果表明：用質量濃度為500 mg·L-1的IBA生根促進劑處理30 s得到的生根效果較好，生根率為82.22%，平均根長為21.12 cm，平均根數為17條。通過spss軟件中的多重比較法分析推測得出，采用1 500 mg·L-1IBA生根促進劑處理插穗基部30 s,得到的金葉榆插穗生根率將會更高。

關鍵詞中華金葉榆；無性扦插繁殖；生根促進劑；基質；正交試驗;生根率

分類號S615

Soft Cutting Propagation Technology ofUlmuspumila‘Zhonghuajinye’//

Xu Xiaoyue, Tong Zhaoqing, Yan Wentao, Lu Xiujun

(Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P. R. China); Li Changmeng(Nuluer Tiger Mountain National Nature Reserve of Liaoning Province)//Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(5)：1-4.

WithUlmuspumila‘Zhonghuajinye’, and one-year branches of the upper part as stem cuttings, each stem cutting retained two leaves. In order to test the influence of different substrates on cutting, stem cuttings were treated with ABT of 1 000 mg·L-1solution for 10 s and inserted into eight soil substrates including river sand, perlite, vermiculite, peat, perlite∶vermiculite=1∶1, perlite∶vermiculite=3∶1, perlite∶peat=1∶1, and perlite∶peat=3∶1 (V/V), respectively. With the purpose of screening the best reagent concentration and the best treatment time forU.pumila‘Zhonghuajinye’ cutting, the experiment was conducted using three-factor and three-level orthogonal tests, and the stem cuttings were treated with ABT, IBA, and NAA solution which designing three concentration gradient of 500 mg·L-1, 1 000 mg·L-1, and 1 500 mg·L-1for 10 s, 30 s, 60 s, and inserted into substrate of perlite∶vermiculite=1∶1. The vermiculite is the best soil substrate, the rooting rate of cuttings reached 89.17%, the average number of substrate on cuttings was 10, the length was 12.92 cm, and the longest root length was 38.5 cm. By the orthogonal tests, the rooting rate of stem cuttings treated with IBA of 500 mg·L-]for 30 s reached 82.22%, the longest average root length reached 21.12 cm, and the maximum average number of substrate on cuttings was 17. Using the method of multiple comparison, the rooting rate ofU.pumila‘Zhonghuajinye’ cuttings could reach highest when their cutting bases were treated with IBA of 1 500 mg·L-1for 30 s.

KeywordsU. pumila ‘Zhonghuajinye’; Asexual propagation cuttings; Rooting accelerant; Soil substrate; Orthogonal experiment; Rooting rate

中華金葉榆(Ulmuspumila‘Zhonghuajinye’)是普通白榆的天然黃葉突變體，比普通白榆葉片稍短,生長季節葉片金黃色，色澤艷麗，質感好；葉卵圓形，樹冠豐滿，枝條細密，易于修剪造型，中華金葉榆生長速度較快，根系發達，耐貧瘠，水土保持能力強。……