磷對鋁脅迫下尾巨桉生長生理方面的緩解作用1)

侯文娟　胡厚臻　魯瑩瑩　李桃禎　滕維超　王凌暉

(廣西大學，南寧，530000)

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磷對鋁脅迫下尾巨桉生長生理方面的緩解作用1)

侯文娟胡厚臻魯瑩瑩李桃禎滕維超王凌暉

(廣西大學，南寧，530000)

摘要實驗以尾巨桉Dp2-29(E. urophylla×E. grandis Dp2-29)為實驗材料，用沙培法研究外源磷(P)對鋁脅迫下尾巨桉生長和生理方面的緩解作用。結果表明：(1)5 mmol·L-1鋁顯著抑制尾巨桉的根、莖、葉生物量，顯著提高根冠比。(2)鋁脅迫抑制葉片葉綠素a、葉綠素b和類胡蘿卜素質量分數，降低ω(葉綠素a)/ω(葉綠素b)值。(3)鋁脅迫下葉片細胞膜透性顯著增大，膜脂過氧化的產物丙二醛顯著增加，細胞可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白質量分數顯著降低，游離脯氨酸質量分數顯著增大。(4)P緩解鋁脅迫對光合色素的影響以及調節活性氧代謝以維持細胞膜結構穩定，有效緩解鋁脅迫對尾巨桉生長、光合色素以及抗性生理造成的傷害，磷鋁互作有利于緩解鋁脅迫，P施用濃度為200 μmol·L-1時，緩解鋁脅迫效果較好。

關鍵詞尾巨桉Dp2-29；鋁脅迫；磷；生長；生理

分類號Q945

Relieve Effect of Exogenous P on the Eucalyptus Growth and Physiological Feature under Al Stress//

Hou Wenjuan, Hu Houzhen, Lu Yingying, Li Taozhen, Teng Weichao, Wang Linghui

(Guangxi University, Nanning 530000, P. R. China)//Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(5)：5-9，19.

To verify the growth and physiological Feature of exogenous phosphorus on ameliorating aluminum toxicity in Eucalyptus, we plantedE.urophylla×E.grandisDp2-29 in sand solutions, and then detected the root and above-ground biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidant physiological indexes. Al of 5 mmol·L-1significantly inhibited the root and above-ground biomass and increased the root shoot ratio. Al of 5 mmol·L-1significantly inhibited the leaf Chl a/b and the contents of leaf Chl a, Chl b and Car. Al stress significantly increased cell membrane permeability and MDA (the product of plasmalemma peroxidation) and free proline contents, decreased soluble sugar and soluble protein content inEucalyptusleaf. Exogenous P played an important role in formation and inhibit decomposition of photosynthetic pigments, maintaining cell membrane structure stability by regulating reactive oxygen metabolism under Al toxicity, thereby reducing the Al damage to Eucalyptus growth photosynthetic pigments and resistance physiology. P of 200 μmol·L-1was better in the relieve effect under Al stress.

KeywordsEucalyptus urophylla×E. grandis Dp2-29; Al stress; P; Growth; Physiological

鋁是地殼中含量最豐富的金屬元素，一般情況下都以難溶性的化合物形式存在于土壤中，對植物體沒有傷害，但當土壤為酸性，特別是pH低于5時，鋁被大量活化為活性羥基鋁和3價鋁(Al3+)等土壤高活性鋁，Al3+對植物生長的影響最大，是導致植物鋁中毒最主要的原因[1-2]。據了解，全球酸性土壤占可耕作土地的30%左右[3]。另外，由于酸雨的大面積發生和連續施用含氨和氨化物的肥料等導致酸性土壤面積不斷增大，現在研究普遍認為鋁脅迫已成為酸性土壤中致使森林衰退和農作物減產的最主要的原因之一[4-6]。……