基于種實性狀的山胡椒優良單株選擇1)

熊彪　齊季　董樹斌　張莉梅　張志翔　　　哈登龍　琚煜熙

(北京林業大學，北京，100083)　　　　　　　　　　　(河南雞公山國家級自然保護區管理局)

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基于種實性狀的山胡椒優良單株選擇1)

熊彪齊季董樹斌張莉梅張志翔哈登龍琚煜熙

(北京林業大學，北京，100083)(河南雞公山國家級自然保護區管理局)

摘要對9個種源102株野生山胡椒連續2年進行單株采集果實并測定相關性狀。利用Shannon-Wiener多樣性指數進行山胡椒居群各性狀的多樣性分析。運用主成分分析法、模糊隸屬函數法與多維空間坐標向量綜合評定值累加法3種評價方法對9個主要的種實性狀進行分析，并以這3種評價法結果排序都位于前10名的標準，確定7棵野生山胡椒優良單株。通過綜合評定篩選出來的優良單株在重要經濟種實性狀(果鮮質量、果干質量、果實含油率、種子質量)上現實增益為8.98%～65.88%，具有顯著的優異性，可作為良種選育或快速擴繁的基礎材料，并在生產中推廣應用。

關鍵詞山胡椒；多樣性指數；主成分分析；隸屬函數；多維空間坐標綜合評定；優樹選擇

分類號S722.5

Superior Individual Selection ofLinderaglaucaBased on Fruit and Seed Traits//

Xiong Biao, Qi Ji, Dong Shubin, Zhang Limei, Zhang Zhixiang

(Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China); Ha Denglong, Ju Yuxi(Administration of Jigongshan National Nature Reserve)//

Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(5)：10-14.

With 9 geographical provenances, we preliminarily screened out total 102Linderaglaucatrees and measured collected fruit traits of each individual for two consecutive years. We analyzed the fruit and seed traits ofL.glaucain different geographical provenances by Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and analyzed 9 major fruit and seed traits by principal component analysis, subordinate-function-value method and multidimensional coordinate-synthetic-evaluation way. By the standard, we sorted the top 10 with the three evaluation methods, and selected 7 wildL.glaucatrees as superior individuals. Selected superior individuals realized gain from 8.98% to 65.88% at major economic fruit-seed traits includimg hundred-grain weight of fresh fruits, hundred-grain weight of dried fruit, fruit oil content and thousand-seed weight. The selected superior individuals have outstanding fruit-seed traits based on results of the three methods, and can be used as material of breeding or rapid propagation and applied in production.

KeywordsLindera galuca； Diversity index； Principal component analysis； Subordinate function； Multidimensional coordinate-synthetic-evaluation way； Superior individual selection

山胡椒(LinderaglaucaBlume)又名唐本草[1]、牛筋樹[2]、雷公子[3]、假死柴[4]，屬樟科(Lauraceae)山胡椒屬(Lindera)落葉灌木或小喬木。除海南省外，山胡椒廣泛分布于我國淮河流域及南方各省區，日本、朝鮮半島與越南也有少量天然分布[5]，是亞熱帶地區獨有樹種，野生資源量十分豐富。山胡椒是一種多用途樹種，其材質細密，可作家具；其枝葉、根均可入藥，具溫中散寒、祛風消腫等效用；葉、果皮可提芳香油[1-4]。山胡椒果實小，球形，發育期初為綠色，后為棕色，成熟后漸變為黑色；……