基于核酸適體模板的稀土納米載體用于靶向成像及治療

蒲芳　任勁松

摘 要：核酸是一種結(jié)構(gòu)和功能都比較復(fù)雜的生物大分子，它們?cè)谏矬w內(nèi)細(xì)胞周期的不同階段以不同的構(gòu)象存在，以確保各項(xiàng)生命活動(dòng)的順利進(jìn)行。基于納米材料多功能化的納米器件已經(jīng)廣泛地應(yīng)用到生物醫(yī)藥領(lǐng)域的診斷和治療。借助核酸適體為生物模板，經(jīng)過一步便利的溶劑熱法可以設(shè)計(jì)并合成多功能的鑭系元素?fù)诫s的多孔納米材料。基于材料自身極好的水溶性及生物特性，該材料可用于細(xì)胞層面的靶向成像與藥物運(yùn)載。因核酸適體針對(duì)靶細(xì)胞特殊的結(jié)合功能，研究者的工作將為納米探針于生物應(yīng)用方面開辟天窗，相關(guān)領(lǐng)域可涉及到時(shí)間分辨的生物檢測，多模式生物成像或標(biāo)記，以及癌癥或其他疾病的靶向治療。

關(guān)鍵詞：核酸 適體 納米功能材料 癌癥 藥物運(yùn)載 靶向

Abstract：Nucleic acids are a kind of biological macromolecule with polymorphic structure and multiple functions. The nanodevices based on bionanomaterials have been widely used for diagnosis and treatment of diseases in biomedicine. Multifunctional lanthanide-doped porous nanoparticles are prepared via a facile one-step solvothermal route by employing aptamers as the biotemplate. The nanoparticles feature excellent aqueous dispersibility and biospecifi c properties and could work as effective nanoprobes for targeted imaging and drug delivery. With aptamer being in principle available for any kind of target， this synthetic strategy may open the door to a new generation of nanoprobes for bioapplications such as time-resolved biodetection， multimode bioimaging/biolabeling， and targeted cancer therapy.

Key Words：Nucleic acid； Aptamer； Functional nanomaterial； Cancer； Drug Delivery； Target

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