機組工作負荷模擬飛行測量實驗

王黎靜　何雪麗

摘要：測量民用飛機機組工作負荷是為了檢驗規定的飛行任務是否超過機組人員的能力范圍，以確保機組人員能夠快速安全地完成任務。工作負荷的在線飛行測量是最小機組適航審定的重要測量手段。因此，本研究在多名民用航空飛行員、ARJ21和C919飛行教員協助工作下，開展了三次模擬飛行工作負荷測量實驗。實驗過程中采用主觀評價（SWAT量表、NASA量表、Bedford量表）及生理測量（眼動測量、心電測量）對各飛行階段下的工作負荷進行測量研究。本研究對測量指標進行了篩選，同時對各指標對工作負荷評測的適用性進行了分析。通過這三次測量研究，明確和完善了在線飛行機組工作負荷的測量方法和測量技術，并且明確了相關的測量指標。

關鍵詞：工作負荷；主觀評價；生理測量；最小機組；適航審定

Abstract：Methods measuring crew workload has been developed to ensure the mandate does not exceed the capacity of the crew， which can ensure the safety of the crew to quickly complete the task. The online flight measurement of workload is the important means of measurement for the smallest unit airworthiness. Therefore， in this study， the work to measure the workload in three simulated flight missions were carried out with the assistance of some civil aviation （ARJ21 and C919） flight instructors. Experiments of subjective evaluation （SWAT Scale， NASA Scale and Bedford Scale） and physiological measurement （REM measurements and ECG measurements） were used for workload measurement in each phase of flight missions. The indexes of the workload measurements were screened and analyzed for the evaluation of workload. Through this study， the measurement scheme and measurement techniques in online flight were cleared and improved， and the relevant measure indexes were defined.

Keywords：Workload； Subjective Evaluation； Physiological Measurement； Minimum Flight Crew； Airworthiness Certification