天然常綠闊葉林土壤酶活性受土壤理化性質、微生物數(shù)量影響的通徑分析1)

趙維娜　王艷霞　陳奇伯　聶蕾　楊媛媛

(西南林業(yè)大學，昆明，650224)

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天然常綠闊葉林土壤酶活性受土壤理化性質、微生物數(shù)量影響的通徑分析1)

趙維娜王艷霞陳奇伯聶蕾楊媛媛

(西南林業(yè)大學，昆明，650224)

運用通徑分析研究了云南省玉溪市磨盤山國家森林公園內(nèi)的常綠闊葉林土壤理化性質與土壤酶活性、微生物數(shù)量之間的關系。結果表明：常綠闊葉林林下土壤脲酶、過氧化氫酶、轉化酶活性都是隨著土壤深度的加深而逐漸減小；土壤脲酶、過氧化氫酶、轉化酶活性與理化性質、微生物數(shù)量之間有著密切的關系；影響脲酶活性的重要因子是堿解氮、全磷、全鉀質量分數(shù)，真菌數(shù)量，影響過氧化氫酶活性的關鍵因子是土壤密度，pH值，有機質、全磷質量分數(shù)，影響轉化酶活性的主要因子是土壤密度，pH值，堿解氮、全磷質量分數(shù)。

常綠闊葉林；土壤理化性質；土壤酶活性；土壤微生物數(shù)量；通徑分析

For exploring the relationships between the enzymes activities, soil physical-chemical properties and microorganism quantity in natural evergreen broad-leaved forest, we used the path analysis to study the relationship between soil physical-chemical factors, the soil enzyme activity and microorganism quantity of evergreen broad-leaved forest in Mill Mountain National Forest Park in YuXi, Yunnan Province. The soil urease, catalase and invertase activities were gradually decreased with the deepening of soil depth in evergreen broad-leaved forest. There was a close relationship between soil urease, catalase, invertase activity, soil physical-chemical properties and microbial quantity. The important affected factors of urease activity were alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and the number of fungi. The key affected factors of catalase activity were soil bulk density, pH, organic matter and total phosphorus. The main factors that affected the invertase activity were soil bulk density, pH, alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen, and total phosphorus.

土壤理化性質、酶活性和微生物是土壤生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的重要組成成分。土壤酶能夠促進土壤中的物質轉化與能量交換，是植物營養(yǎng)元素的活性庫，能夠反映土壤中進行的各種生物化學過程的強度和方向[1-3]。土壤理化性質直接影響植物的生長發(fā)育，經(jīng)過多年來的研究，已成為判斷土壤質量的常規(guī)指標。土壤微生物種類繁多，在土壤物質轉化中起著多種重要作用，與土壤肥力和植物營養(yǎng)有密切關系[4-6]。土壤酶活性與微生物是構成土壤微生態(tài)環(huán)境的兩個重要組分，也是決定土壤功能的兩個關鍵性因素[7-8]。……