王丹丹 曹陽 王翠翠 韋文榜 張雙保
(木材科學與工程北京市重點實驗室(北京林業大學),北京,100083)
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桉木單板/聚氯乙烯膜復合材料的制備工藝1)
王丹丹曹陽王翠翠韋文榜張雙保
(木材科學與工程北京市重點實驗室(北京林業大學),北京,100083)
以人工林速生材桉木為基材,聚氯乙烯膜代替傳統膠黏劑制備木塑復合材料,解決了甲醛釋放、白色污染等問題。采用熱壓—冷壓工藝,以熱壓溫度、時間及塑料添加量3個因素為自變量,膠合強度為響應值,通過響應面分析確定了最優生產工藝;并采用掃描電子顯微鏡觀察其界面形態,即熱壓溫度為183 ℃,熱壓時間為452 s,塑料添加量為320 g/m2。試驗表明:桉木單板/聚氯乙烯膜制備木塑復合材料工藝具有可行性,其膠合強度達1.14 MPa,滿足GB/T 9846—2015標準中Ⅱ類膠合板的要求。
桉木;聚氯乙烯膜;木塑復合材料;膠合強度;響應面法
To solving pollution problems such as formaldehyde and white pollution, we used the fast-growing eucalyptus wood as based material and Polyvinyl chloride film which insteaded traditional adhesive to make wood-plastic composites materials by hot-cold pressing crafts. Hot-pressing temperature, time and the amount of plastics as the independent variable, bonding strength as the response value, we used response surface methodology to optimize the best processing factor, and analyzed the fractural surfaces of samples by a scanning electronic microscope. The best processing factor was hot-pressing temperature of 183 ℃, hot-pressing time of 452 s and PVC films of 320 g/m2. Therefore, it is feasible to make wood-plastic composites by using eucalyptus wood and PVC film. The plywood bonding strength reached 1.14 MPa, which met the requirement of Type Ⅱplywood according to the National Standard of GB/T9846-2015.
桉樹作為一種優質速生豐產樹種,已成為全球人工林最重要的造林樹種之一,有效解決了當前木材短缺的問題。但由于桉樹本身生長特性存在一些缺陷,木材強度低,因此加大對桉樹高附加值的利用成為當今木材加工行業的重要課題。
以傳統的三醛膠制備的人造板產品在使用過程中會不斷釋放游離甲醛,不僅污染環境,而且還危害人體健康。因此需要尋求可以取代三醛膠的無醛板材膠黏劑。研究表明:塑料可以替代木材傳統膠黏劑制備環保型膠合板[1]。大量的塑料制品給生活帶來便利的同時也給環境造成了“白色污染”。……